Institutional Foundation: Leadership, Institutional Fragmentation, and Limited Human and Financial Capacity

SUMMARYNon-city starosty of Tyszowce was located in the province of Belz and received the status of royal land in 1462. Its territory included the town of Tyszowce and villages: Mikulin, Perespa, Klatwy and Przewale. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the starosty suffered from a significant increase of various negative phenomena. The crown lands had bitterly tasted devastating fires, epidemics, contributions, requisitions, robberies and field devastations. All these disasters were caused mainly by war and military activities. Marches of soldiers and quartering of troops greatly contributed to the situation and were usually associated with the need of maintaining the soldiers. The requisitions of food, alcohol, cattle, horses and poultry were particularly burdensome for the people. The greatest economic devastation as regards the resources of the starosty and its people was caused by monetary contributions, usually several times higher than the financial capacity of the town and its inhabitants. This work focuses on damages to the starosty caused by the royal cavalry. According to the literature, it is clear that the behavior of the troops in Tyszowce Starosty was not different from the behavior of soldiers in other areas of Poland. It must be admitted that the reprehensible behavior of the army was influenced by many conditions, from the recruitment of people from backgrounds often involving conflict with law, as well as foreigners, to the accommodation system under which the soldiers were forced to supply themselves “on their own.”

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ANALISIS ATAS KAPASITAS KEUANGAN PEMDA UNTUK MEMPERTAHANKAN KESINAMBUNGAN PENYELENGGARAAN LAYANAN PUBLIK

INFO ARTHA ◽

10.31092/jia.v5i1.61 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 55-76

Author(s):

Prayudi Nugroho

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Research Finding ◽

Public Services ◽

Capital Expenditure ◽

Financial Capacity ◽

Local Revenue

This research aims at examining the Indonesia's local government financial capacity to maintain sustainable government finances for encouraging public services. Based on 2006 – 2014 data, this research finding shows that sustainable local government financial capacity for encouraging public services is still low. It is because the majority of capital expenditure still depended on general allocation fund, not on local revenue, although there was increasing growth in local revenue.

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Smoke and Mirrors: Fallacies in the NSW Government's Views on Local Government Financial Capacity

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2537258 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Abelson ◽

Roselyne Joyeux

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Financial Capacity

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Is Depression or Apathy Playing a Key Role in Predicting Financial Capacity in Parkinson’s Disease with Dementia and Frontotemporal Dementia?

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11060785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 785

Author(s):

Vaitsa Giannouli ◽

Magda Tsolaki

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Frontotemporal Dementia ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Short Form ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Decisive Role ◽

Financial Capacity ◽

Capacity Performance

(1) Background: Depression and apathy both affect cognitive abilities, such as thinking, concentration and making decisions in young and old individuals. Although apathy is claimed to be a “core” feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), it may occur in the absence of depression and vice versa. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore whether depression or apathy better predict financial capacity performance in PD and FTD as well as in nondemented participants. (2) Methods: Eighty-eight participants divided into three groups (PD, FTD and non-demented participants) were examined with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Legal Capacity for Property Law Transactions Assessment Scale (LCPLTAS)—Full and short form. The Geriatric Depression Scale informant version (GDS-15) and the Irritability-Apathy Scale (IAS) we completed by caregivers. (3) Results: The results indicated that both PD and FTD patients’ general cognitive functioning and financial capacity performance is negatively influenced by apathy and not by depression. (4) Conclusions: Differences in financial capacity performance indicate that apathy should not be disregarded in clinical assessments. Further studies on larger PD and FTD populations are necessary in order to investigate the decisive role of mood factors on financial capacity impairment.

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Frontotemporal dementia and financial capacity: facing the Cerberus of overestimation or underestimation?

Australasian Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/10398562211005444 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 103985622110054

Author(s):

Vaitsa Giannouli ◽

Magda Tsolaki

Keyword(s):

Financial Performance ◽

Frontotemporal Dementia ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Third Party ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Financial Capacity ◽

Gender Education ◽

Visuospatial Skills ◽

Anxiety Depression

Objective: This study investigates the performance of people with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) on objective assessment of financial capacity with comparison to the estimation of financial capacity by both people themselves and their caregivers. Method: FTD patients and healthy (age/gender/education-matched) controls from Greece underwent cognitive assessment (memory, attention, executive functioning, visuospatial skills, verbal functions), emotional (anxiety, depression), and financial capacity assessment (Legal Capacity for Property Law Transactions Assessment Scale—LCPLTAS). Additionally, they self-reported on their financial performance and a third-party living with the older participants for both groups reported their estimates of financial performance and their anxiety and depression levels. Results: Financial capacity in FTD patients is severely impaired compared to controls, but caregivers of FTD patients tend to overestimate the patients’ financial performance, a finding that is not related to the caregivers’ depression and anxiety levels or other demographics. FTD patients overestimate their financial capacity. Conclusion: FTD may have significant impact on financial capacity, but people with FTD tend to overestimate their own financial capacity. This study also indicates that families and caregivers tend to overestimate financial capacity in people with FTD. This has implications for the assessment and care planning of people with FTD in clinical settings.

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Aging and Financial Capacity: Cognitive Correlates of an Early Indicator of Functional Decline

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1514 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 467-468

Author(s):

Katherine Wild ◽

Jennifer Marcoe ◽

Nicole Sharma ◽

Mary Siqueland ◽

Nora Mattek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Visual Memory ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Well Being ◽

Monitoring Data ◽

Financial Capacity ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Online Transactions ◽

Financial Activity ◽

Financial Monitoring

Abstract Financial capacity describes the ability to make and carry out sound financial decisions sufficient to meet an individual’s needs for health and well-being. Impairments in financial capacity have been shown to be one of the earliest functional changes in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the precursor to Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. Recent developments using online automated monitoring of financial transactions promise a new way to identify the earliest signs of cognitive decline. We examine the feasibility of using secure online technology to link ongoing financial activity monitoring data with other objective measures of function and cognition in a cohort of independent living older adults. To date, 73 older adults (mean age = 76.8, MoCA = 25.9) have enrolled and are participating in a 12-month online financial monitoring program that tracks account activity and generates alerts for unusual or irregular transactions. At baseline participants are administered a battery of neuropsychological tests and the Financial Capacity Instrument (FCI), a measure of financial capacity using tasks of everyday financial activity. Financial monitoring data are collected continuously, and are summarized and reported monthly. Younger participants had more online transactions and higher FCI scores. FCI total score was positively correlated with animal fluency (p < .02), Trails A (p < .03) and B (p < .0001), and visual memory (p < .0008). Number of online transactions in one month was correlated with FCI score, and Trails B (faster time to completion). Lower MoCA scores were associated with higher number of alerts per month.

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Financial Capacity and Regional Cerebral Tau in Cognitively Normal Older Adults, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-201122 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Christopher Gonzalez ◽

Nicole S. Tommasi ◽

Danielle Briggs ◽

Michael J. Properzi ◽

Rebecca E. Amariglio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Older Adults ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Early Stage ◽

Cognitively Normal ◽

Financial Capacity ◽

Posterior Cingulate ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal

Background: Financial capacity is often one of the first instrumental activities of daily living to be affected in cognitively normal (CN) older adults who later progress to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between financial capacity and regional cerebral tau. Methods: Cross-sectional financial capacity was assessed using the Financial Capacity Instrument –Short Form (FCI-SF) in 410 CN, 199 MCI, and 61 AD dementia participants who underwent flortaucipir tau positron emission tomography from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Linear regression models with backward elimination were used with FCI-SF total score as the dependent variable and regional tau and tau-amyloid interaction as predictors of interest in separate analyses. Education, age sex, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test Total Learning, and Trail Making Test B were used as covariates. Results: Significant associations were found between FCI-SF and tau regions (entorhinal: p < 0.001; inferior temporal: p < 0.001; dorsolateral prefrontal: p = 0.01; posterior cingulate: p = 0.03; precuneus: p < 0.001; and supramarginal gyrus: p = 0.005) across all participants. For the tau-amyloid interaction, significant associations were found in four regions (amyloid and dorsolateral prefrontal tau interaction: p = 0.005; amyloid and posterior cingulate tau interaction: p = 0.005; amyloid and precuneus tau interaction: p < 0.001; and amyloid and supramarginal tau interaction: p = 0.002). Conclusion: Greater regional tau burden was modestly associated with financial capacity impairment in early-stage AD. Extending this work with longitudinal analyses will further illustrate the utility of such assessments in detecting clinically meaningful decline, which may aid clinical trials of early-stage AD.

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