Conservation of Predatory Arthropods in Cotton: Role of Action Thresholds for Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)

Abstract Complaints of severe damage by whiteflies in soybean fields containing genetically engineered (GE) varieties led us to investigate the role of transgenic soybean varieties expressing resistance to some insects (Cry1Ac Bt toxin) and to herbicide (glyphosate) on the population growth and feeding behavior of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) MEAM1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). In the laboratory, the whiteflies reared on the GE Bt soybeans had a net reproductive rate (R0) 100% higher and intrinsic rate of population increase (rm) 15% higher than those reared on non-GE soybeans. The increased demographic performance was associated with a higher lifetime fecundity. In electrical penetration graphs, the whiteflies reared on the GE soybeans had fewer probes and spent 50% less time before reaching the phloem phase from the beginning of the first successful probe, indicating a higher risk of transmission of whitefly-borne viruses. Data from Neotropical fields showed a higher population density of B. tabaci on two soybean varieties expressing glyphosate resistance and Cry1Ac Bt toxin. These results indicate that some GE soybean varieties expressing insect and herbicide resistances can be more susceptible to whiteflies than non-GE ones or those only expressing herbicide resistance. Most likely, these differences are related to varietal features that increase host-plant susceptibility to whiteflies. Appropriate pest management may be needed to deal with whiteflies in soybean fields, especially in warm regions, and breeders may want to consider the issue when developing new soybean varieties.

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Two Deoxythymidine Triphosphate Synthesis-Related Genes Regulate Obligate Symbiont Density and Reproduction in the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2020.574749 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Zezhong Yang ◽

Cheng Gong ◽

Yuan Hu ◽

Jie Zhong ◽

Jixing Xia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Rna Interference ◽

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Essential Amino Acid ◽

Cellular Growth ◽

Capacity Analysis ◽

Host Insect ◽

Obligate Symbiont ◽

Pyrimidine Pathway

Deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) is essential for DNA synthesis and cellular growth in all organisms. Here, genetic capacity analysis of the pyrimidine pathway in insects and their symbionts revealed that dTTP is a kind of metabolic input in several host insect/obligate symbiont symbiosis systems, including Bemisia tabaci MED/Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum (hereafter Portiera). As such, the roles of dTTP on both sides of the symbiosis system were investigated in B. tabaci MED/Portiera. Dietary RNA interference (RNAi) showed that suppressing dTTP production significantly reduced the density of Portiera, significantly repressed the expression levels of horizontally transferred essential amino acid (EAA) synthesis-related genes, and significantly decreased the reproduction of B. tabaci MED adults as well as the hatchability of their offspring. Our results revealed the regulatory role of dTTP in B. tabaci MED/Portiera and showed that dTTP synthesis-related genes could be potential targets for controlling B. tabaci as well as other sucking pests.

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Conservation of natural enemies in cotton: role of insect growth regulators in management of Bemisia tabaci

Biological Control ◽

10.1016/j.biocontrol.2003.09.010 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 52-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

Steven E Naranjo ◽

Peter C Ellsworth ◽

James R Hagler

Keyword(s):

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Insect Growth Regulators ◽

Insect Growth

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A biochemical and toxicological study of the role of insensitive acetylcholinesterase in organophosphorus resistantBemisia tabaci(Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) from Israel

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300039663 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 84 (2) ◽

pp. 179-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Frank J. Byrne ◽

Matthew Cahill ◽

Ian Denholm ◽

Alan L. Devonshire

Keyword(s):

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Staining Intensity ◽

Female Offspring ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel ◽

Microplate Assay ◽

Toxicological Study ◽

Single Insect

AbstractTwo acetylcholinesterase (AChE) variants, differing in sensitivity to inhibition by the organophosphorus (OP) insecticide paraoxon were identified in a population ofBemisia tabaci(Gennadius) from cotton in Israel using a single insect kinetic microplate assay. Two strains were established, homogeneous for one or other of the two variants, by isolating mated females from the field population onto individual cotton leaves, and testing a proportion of their female offspring to identify their AChE genotype. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of their I-naphthyl butyrate hydrolyzing esterases showed that all insects contained esterase E0 14, which is indicative of B-type whiteflies, although the staining intensity of this band differed. Resistance to the OPs monocrotophos, profenofos and chlorpyrifos in leaf dip bioassays was consistent with the presence of the insensitive AChE. The data also indicated that separate mechanisms conferred resistance to the two pyrethroids cypermethrin and bifenthrin. The former, when used in a mixture with profenofos, was no more toxic than when the OP was used alone, and resistance to the mixture was largely dependent on the presence of the insensitive AChE.

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PENGARUH KERAPATAN BULU DAUN PADA TANAMAN KAPAS TERHADAP KOLONISASI Bemisia tabaci GENNADIUS

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v11n3.2005.101-106 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

I G.A.A. INDRAYANI ◽

EMY SULISTYOWATI

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Resistant Variety ◽

Cotton Leaf ◽

Trichome Density ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Cotton Whitefly

ABSTRACT Ketahanan tanaman terhadap serangga hama berdasarkan karakter morfologi bulu (trichom) pada daun merupakan salah satu cara potensial mengurangi penggunaan insektisida kimia dalam pengendalian hama. Serangga hama pengisap Bemisia tabaci pada tanaman kapas juga dapat dikendalikan dengan menggunakan varietas kapas resisten berdasarkan karakter morfologi bulu daun. Penelitian peranan kerapatan bulu daun pada tanaman kapas terhadap kolonisasi B. tabaci Gennadius dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Pasirian, Kabupaten Lumajang, dan di Laboratorium Entomologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat Malang, mulai April hingga Juli 2005. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui peranan kerapatan bulu daun pada beberapa aksesi plasma nutfah kapas terhadap kolonisasi B. tabaci. Perlakuan terdiri atas 11 aksesi plasma nutfah kapas yang dipilih berdasarkan penilaian visual pada karakter kerapatan bulu daun yang mewakili kerapatan bulu rendah hingga tinggi, yaitu: (1) KK-3 (KI 638), (2) Kanesia 1 (KI 436), (3) A/35 Reba P 279 (KI 257), (4) Acala 1517 (KI 174), (5) Asembagus 5/A/1 (KI 162), (6) 619- 998xLGS-10-77-3-1 (KI 76), (7) DP Acala 90 (KI 23), (8) TAMCOT SP 21 (KI 6)), (9) Kanesia 8 (KI 677), (10) CTX-8 (KI 494), dan (11) CTX-1 (KI 487). Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 10 ulangan. Paramater yang diamati adalah jumlah bulu daun, telur dan nimfa pada 1 cm2 luas daun, serta jumlah imago B. tabaci pada daun ketiga dari atas tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan bulu daun berkorelasi positif dengan kolonisasi B. tabaci (R=0,9701). Semakin tinggi kerapatan bulu daun, semakin meningkat kolonisasi B. tabaci. Kolonisasi B. tabaci lebih tinggi pada CTX-1, CTX-8, Kanesia 8, dan KK-3 (150-250 individu/cm 2 luas daun) karena tingkat kerapatan bulu daun juga lebih tinggi (150-300 helai/cm 2 luas daun) dibanding TAMCOT SP 21, DP Acala 90, 619-998xLGS-10-77-3-1, Asembagus 5/A/1, Acala 1517, A/35 Reba P 279, dan Kanesia 1 yang memiliki kerapatan bulu daun (0-100 helai/cm 2 luas daun) dan tingkat kolonisasi B. tabaci (<100 individu/cm 2 luas daun) lebih rendah. Kata kunci : Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, plasma nutfah, hama, Bemisia tabaci, trichom, kolonisasi, Jawa Timur ABSTRACT Role of trichome density of cotton leaf to colonization of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius Trichome-based host plant resistance offers the potential to reduce chemical insecticides used in insect pest control. Cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci can be controlled by using resistant variety based on trichome density as plant morphological characteristics. The study on the role of trichome density of cotton accessions on the colonization of B. tabaci was carried out at Pasirian Experimental Station at Lumajang, and at Entomology Laboratory of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research Institute (IToFCRI ) in Malang from April to July 2005. Treatments included 11 cotton accessions, viz. (1) KK-3 (KI 638), (2) Kanesia 1 (KI 436), (3) A/35 Reba P 279 (KI 257), (4) Acala 1517 (KI 174), (5) Asembagus 5/A/1 (KI 162), (6) 619-998xLGS-10-77-3-1 (KI 76), (7) DP Acala 90 (KI 23), (8) TAMCOT SP 21 (KI 6)), (9) Kanesia 8 (KI 677), (10) CTX-8 (KI 494), and (11) CTX-1 (KI 487). The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with ten replications. Parameters observed were trichome density, number of eggs and nymphs on one cm2 of leaf and adult of B. tabaci on 3rd highest leaf of cotton plant. The result showed that trichome density was positively correlated with B. tabaci colonization (R=0,9701) in which higher trichome density of cotton leaf has resulted in great colonization of B. tabaci. Bemisia tabaci colonisation was higher on CTX-1, CTX-8, Kanesia 8, and KK-3 (150-250 individu/cm2 of leaf) due to dense trichome (150-300 trichomes/cm2 leaf) as compared with other accessions, viz. TAMCOT SP 21, DP Acala 90, 619-998xLGS-10-77-3-1, Asembagus 5/A/1, Acala 1517, A/35 Reba P 279, and Kanesia 1 which showed less density of leaf trichome (0-100 trichomes/cm2 of leaf) and B. tabaci colonization (< 100 individu/cm2 of leaf). Key words : Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, cotton accession, pest, Bemisia tabaci, trichome, colonization

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Biotype Characterization, Developmental Profiling, Insecticide Response and Binding Property of Bemisia tabaci Chemosensory Proteins: Role of CSP in Insect Defense

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0154706 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e0154706 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Guoxia Liu ◽

Hongmei Ma ◽

Hongyan Xie ◽

Ning Xuan ◽

Xia Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Binding Property ◽

Chemosensory Proteins ◽

Insect Defense

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Role of Host Plants on the Biological Aspects and Parasitism Levels of Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a Parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Journal of Entomology ◽

10.3923/je.2008.356.368 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 356-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nagdy F. Abdel-Baky ◽

M.A. Al-Deghair

Keyword(s):

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Host Plants ◽

Eretmocerus Mundus ◽

Biological Aspects

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Tomato Chlorosis Virus Infection Facilitates Bemisia tabaci MED Reproduction by Elevating Vitellogenin Expression

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12020101 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Liping Huang ◽

Xiaobin Shi ◽

Jizhe Shi ◽

Zhuo Zhang ◽

Yong Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Plant Virus ◽

Ovarian Development ◽

Insect Vectors ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Pathogenic Viruses ◽

Infected Tomato ◽

Tomato Chlorosis Virus ◽

Q Biotype

Transmission of plant pathogenic viruses mostly relies on insect vectors. Plant virus could enhance its transmission by modulating the vector. Previously, we showed that feeding on virus infected plants can promote the reproduction of the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MED (Q biotype). In this study, using a whitefly-Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV)-tomato system, we investigated how ToCV modulates B. tabaci MED reproduction to facilitate its spread. Here, we hypothesized that ToCV-infected tomato plants would increase B. tabaci MED fecundity via elevated vitellogenin (Vg) gene expression. As a result, fecundity and the relative expression of B. tabaci MED Vg was measured on ToCV-infected and uninfected tomato plants on days 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24. The role of Vg on B. tabaci MED reproduction was examined in the presence and absence of ToCV using dietary RNAi. ToCV infection significantly increased B. tabaci MED fecundity on days 12, 16 and 20, and elevated Vg expression on days 8, 12 and 16. Both ovarian development and fecundity of B. tabaci MED were suppressed when Vg was silenced with or without ToCV infection. These combined results suggest that ToCV infection increases B. tabaci MED fecundity via elevated Vg expression.

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