scholarly journals Studies on the Production and Behavior of Carbohydrates in Rice Plant : IV. Studies on the physiological characteristics of developmental stages of rice plant by means of photoperiodic treatment

1956 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-123
Author(s):  
Atsuhiko KUMURA
Keyword(s):  
Rice Plant ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Photoperiodic Treatment ◽  
And Behavior

Localization of acid phosphatases in root cap of rice plant

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 224-225
Author(s):  
Y. R. Chen ◽  
Y. F. Huang ◽  
W. S. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rice Plant ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Root Cap ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Acid Phosphatases ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Ethanol Series

Acid phosphatases are widely distributed in different tisssues of various plants. Studies on subcellular localization of acid phosphatases show they might be present in cell wall, plasma lemma, mitochondria, plastid, vacuole and nucleus. However, their localization in rice cell varies with developmental stages of cells and plant tissues. In present study, acid phosphatases occurring in root cap are examined.Sliced root tips of ten-day-old rice(Oryza sativa) seedlings were fixed in 0.1M cacodylate buffer containing 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 2h, washed overnight in same buffer solution, incubated in Gomori's solution at 37° C for 90min, post-fixed in OsO4, dehydrated in ethanol series and finally embeded in Spurr's resin. Sections were doubly stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and observed under Hitachi H-600 at 75 KV.

Oral Character and Attitudes and Behavior Related to Food and Eating

1988 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon K. Mills ◽  
Jean Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Adult Body Weight ◽  
Projective Measure ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Early Developmental

Freudian theory predicts that adult personality characteristics and behavior will reflect unresolved conflicts from early developmental stages. In this study, a card from the Blum's Blacky test was used as a projective measure of oral conflict with 35 male and 61 female college students. The presence of such conflict was significantly associated with deviations from norms for body weight, greater variability in adult body weight, rating food as important, and eating more frequently. However, ratings of preoccupation with food were not significantly related to scores for oral conflict. These findings support predictions from psychoanalytic theory and also point to the continued usefulness of the Blacky test in psychoanalytic research.

Fly-on-a-Chip: Microfluidics for Drosophila melanogaster Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 425-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Zabihihesari ◽  
Arthur J Hilliker ◽  
Pouya Rezai
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Manual Manipulation

Abstract The fruit fly or Drosophila melanogaster has been used as a promising model organism in genetics, developmental and behavioral studies as well as in the fields of neuroscience, pharmacology, and toxicology. Not only all the developmental stages of Drosophila, including embryonic, larval, and adulthood stages, have been used in experimental in vivo biology, but also the organs, tissues, and cells extracted from this model have found applications in in vitro assays. However, the manual manipulation, cellular investigation and behavioral phenotyping techniques utilized in conventional Drosophila-based in vivo and in vitro assays are mostly time-consuming, labor-intensive, and low in throughput. Moreover, stimulation of the organism with external biological, chemical, or physical signals requires precision in signal delivery, while quantification of neural and behavioral phenotypes necessitates optical and physical accessibility to Drosophila. Recently, microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip devices have emerged as powerful tools to overcome these challenges. This review paper demonstrates the role of microfluidic technology in Drosophila studies with a focus on both in vivo and in vitro investigations. The reviewed microfluidic devices are categorized based on their applications to various stages of Drosophila development. We have emphasized technologies that were utilized for tissue- and behavior-based investigations. Furthermore, the challenges and future directions in Drosophila-on-a-chip research, and its integration with other advanced technologies, will be discussed.

scholarly journals Characterizing potential repelling volatiles for “push-pull” strategy against stem borer: a case study in Chilo auricilius

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yi ◽  
Song Shi ◽  
Peidan Wang ◽  
Yaoyao Chen ◽  
Qiqi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Plant ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Field Trapping ◽  
Stem Borers ◽  
Recognition Mechanism ◽  
Main Host ◽  
Specific Stage ◽  
Pull Strategy

Abstract Background Massive techniques have been evaluated for developing different pest control methods to minimize fertilizer and pesticide inputs. As “push-pull” strategy utilizes generally non-toxic chemicals to manipulate behaviors of insects, such strategy is considered to be environmentally friendly. “Push-pull” strategy has been extraordinarily effective in controlling stem borers, and the identification of new “pushing” or “pull” components against stem borers could be significantly helpful. Results In this study, the results of field trapping assay and behavioral assay showed the larvae of C.auricilius, one kind of stem borers, could be deterred by rice plant under tilling stage, its main host crop. The profiles of volatiles were compared between rice plants under two different developmental stages, and α-pinene was identified as a key differential component. The repelling activity of α-pinene against C.auricilius was confirmed by Y-tube olfactometer. For illuminating the olfactory recognition mechanism, transcriptome analysis was carried out, and 13 chemosensory proteins (CSPs) were identified in larvae and 19 CSPs were identified in adult of C.auriciliu, which was reported for the first time in this insect. Among these identified CSPs, 4 CSPs were significantly regulated by α-pinene treatment, and CSP8 showed good binding affinity with α-pinene in vitro. Conclusions Overall, C.auricilius could be repelled by rice plant at tilling stage, and our results highlighted α-pinene as a key component in inducing repelling activity at this specific stage and confirmed the roles of some candidate chemosensory elements in this chemo-sensing process. The results in this study could provide valuable information for chemosensory mechanism of C.auricilius and for identification of “push” agent against rice stem borers.

scholarly journals Mental Imagery and its Relevance for Psychopathology and Psychological Treatment in Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-327
Author(s):  
Susan Schwarz ◽  
Dörte Grasmann ◽  
Franziska Schreiber ◽  
Ulrich Stangier
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Rational Emotive Therapy ◽  
Imagery Rehearsal Therapy ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract This review provides an overview of the current state of research concerning the role of mental imagery (MI) in mental disorders and evaluates treatment methods for changing MI in childhood. A systematic literature search using PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and PsycINFO from 1872 to September 2020 was conducted. Fourteen studies were identified investigating MI, and fourteen studies were included referring to interventions for changing MI. Data from the included studies was entered into a data extraction sheet. The methodological quality was then evaluated. MI in childhood is vivid, frequent, and has a significant influence on cognitions and behavior in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and depression. The imagery’s perspective might mediate the effect of MI on the intensity of anxiety. Imagery rescripting, emotive imagery, imagery rehearsal therapy, and rational-emotive therapy with imagery were found to have significant effects on symptoms of anxiety disorders and nightmares. In childhood, MI seems to contribute to the maintenance of SAD, PTSD, and depression. If adapted to the developmental stages of children, interventions targeting MI are effective in the treatment of mental disorders.

scholarly journals Diversity of Species and Behavior of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Ants: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Lachaud ◽  
Gabriela Pérez-Lachaud
Keyword(s):  
Population Biology ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Potential Models ◽  
Ant Community ◽  
Adult Worker ◽  
Colony Demography ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Hymenopteran Parasitoids ◽  
Ant Community Structure

Reports of hymenopterans associated with ants involve more than 500 species, but only a fraction unambiguously pertain to actual parasitoids. In this paper, we attempt to provide an overview of both the diversity of these parasitoid wasps and the diversity of the types of interactions they have formed with their ant hosts. The reliable list of parasitoid wasps using ants as primary hosts includes at least 138 species, reported between 1852 and 2011, distributed among 9 families from 3 superfamilies. These parasitoids exhibit a wide array of biologies and developmental strategies: ecto- or endoparasitism, solitary or gregarious, and idio- or koinobiosis. All castes of ants and all developmental stages, excepting eggs, are possible targets. Some species parasitize adult worker ants while foraging or performing other activities outside the nest; however, in most cases, parasitoids attack ant larvae either inside or outside their nests. Based on their abundance and success in attacking ants, some parasitoid wasps like diapriids and eucharitids seem excellent potential models to explore how parasitoids impact ant colony demography, population biology, and ant community structure. Despite a significant increase in our knowledge of hymenopteran parasitoids of ants, most of them remain to be discovered.

Timing of Changes in the Blood, Morphology, and Behavior of Petromyzon marinus During Metamorphosis

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1277-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. H. Beamish ◽  
I. C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Blood Morphology ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Criteria

Morphological, biochemical, and behavioral criteria, from samples collected from 1969 to 1971, showed that metamorphosis in P. marinus is of a relatively short duration. In an analysis of sequential catches during 1971, the first external signs of transformation were observed only in samples caught between July 12 and 26, illustrating the marked synchrony characteristic of this and subsequent developmental stages. Relative increases in size of the disc and snout were most marked from mid-August to late October. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the change-over from larval to adult hemoglobins took place mainly between early August and late October, the beginning and peak of this process being characterised by reduced hematocrit values. Over 95% of the animals captured at various times in the field commenced feeding on suckers (Catostomus commersoni) in the laboratory by late November or early December.

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