Influence of ash composition on the sintering behavior during pressurized combustion and gasification process

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni-jie Jing ◽  
Qin-hui Wang ◽  
Yu-kun Yang ◽  
Le-ming Cheng ◽  
Zhong-yang Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Ash Composition ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Pressurized Combustion

Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Using Plasma Gasification with the Potential Production of Synthesis Gas (Syngas)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Angela Hartati ◽  
Diah Indriani Widiputri ◽  
Arbi Dimyati
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Plasma Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Solid Waste Treatment ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Waste Separation ◽  
Gasification Efficiency ◽  
Arc Plasma Torch

This research was conducted for the purpose to overcome Indonesia waste problem. The samples are classified into garden waste, paper waste, wood, food waste, and MSW with objective to identify which type of waste give out more syngas since there is waste separation in Indonesia. All samples were treated by plasma gasification without pre-treatment (drying). Arc plasma torch used in this experiment was made by National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN) and used Argon as the gas source. Then the torch was connected to self-designed gasification chamber and gas washing system before injected into a gas bas for composition analysis. Another objective is to identify factors that may affect the gasification efficiency and the experiment shows that moisture content is not really affecting the efficiency but the duration of the process. The mass reduction of each samples were recorded, then the gas produced from the gasification process were analyzed. The result shows that food has the highest mass percentage reduced and producing the highest amount of hydrogen amongst other samples. However, treating MSW also produce considerably high amount of hydrogen. In conclusion, MSW direct treatment (without separation) using plasma gasification is feasible since it still produces desirable quality of syngas.

The Sintering Behaviour and Mechanical Properties of Hydroxyapatite - Based Composites for Bone Tissue Regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1272-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camelia Tecu ◽  
Aurora Antoniac ◽  
Gultekin Goller ◽  
Mustafa Guven Gok ◽  
Marius Manole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Human Teeth

Bone reconstruction is a complex process which involves an osteoconductive matrix, osteoinductive signaling, osteogenic cells, vascularization and mechanical stability. Lately, to improve the healing of the bone defects and to accelerate the bone fusion and bone augmentation, bioceramic composite materials have been used as bone substitutes in the field of orthopedics and dentistry, as well as in cosmetic surgery. Of all types of bioceramics, the most used is hydroxyapatite, because of its similar properties to those of the human bone and better mechanical properties compared to b-tricalcium phosphate [1]. Currently, the most used raw materials sources for obtaining the hydroxyapatite are: bovine bone, seashells, corals, oyster shell, eggshells and human teeth. There are two common ways to obtain hydroxyapatite: synthetically and naturally. Generally, for the improvement of the mechanical properties and the structural one, hydroxyapatite is subjected to the sintering process. Considering the disadvantages of hydroxyapatite such as poor biodegradation rate, b-TCP has been developed, which has some disadvantages too, such as brittleness. For this reason, the aim of this study is to look into the effect of adding magnesium oxide on the sintering behavior, the structure and the mechanical properties of the hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate composites.

An Assessment of a Low-Cost Wastewater Disposal System after Twenty-Five Years of Operation

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 701-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Reidy ◽  
G. W. Samson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Industrial Base ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Coal Resource

A low-cost wastewater disposal system was commissioned in 1959 to treat domestic and industrial wastewaters generated in the Latrobe River valley in the province of Gippsland, within the State of Victoria, Australia (Figure 1). The Latrobe Valley is the centre for large-scale generation of electricity and for the production of pulp and paper. In addition other industries have utilized the brown coal resource of the region e.g. gasification process and char production. Consequently, industrial wastewaters have been dominant in the disposal system for the past twenty-five years. The mixed industrial-domestic wastewaters were to be transported some eighty kilometres to be treated and disposed of by irrigation to land. Several important lessons have been learnt during twenty-five years of operating this system. Firstly the composition of the mixed waste stream has varied significantly with the passage of time and the development of the industrial base in the Valley, so that what was appropriate treatment in 1959 is not necessarily acceptable in 1985. Secondly the magnitude of adverse environmental impacts engendered by this low-cost disposal procedure was not imagined when the proposal was implemented. As a consequence, clean-up procedures which could remedy the adverse effects of twenty-five years of impact are likely to be costly. The question then may be asked - when the total costs including rehabilitation are considered, is there really a low-cost solution for environmentally safe disposal of complex wastewater streams?

Spark Plasma Sintering of Hybrid Nanocomposites of Hydroxyapatite Reinforced with CNTs and SS316L for Biomedical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-583
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Hussain ◽  
Adnan Maqbool ◽  
Abbas Saeed Hakeem ◽  
Fazal Ahmad Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Asif Rafiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

Background: The development of new bioimplants with enhanced mechanical and biomedical properties have great impetus for researchers in the field of biomaterials. Metallic materials such as stainless steel 316L (SS316L), applied for bioimplants are compatible to the human osteoblast cells and bear good toughness. However, they suffer by corrosion and their elastic moduli are very high than the application where they need to be used. On the other hand, ceramics such as hydroxyapatite (HAP), is biocompatible as well as bioactive material and helps in bone grafting during the course of bone recovery, it has the inherent brittle nature and low fracture toughness. Therefore, to overcome these issues, a hybrid combination of HAP, SS316L and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been synthesized and characterized in the present investigation. Methods: CNTs were acid treated to functionalize their surface and cleaned prior their addition to the composites. The mixing of nano-hydroxyapatite (HAPn), SS316L and CNTs was carried out by nitrogen gas purging followed by the ball milling to insure the homogeneous mixing of the powders. In three compositions, monolithic HAPn, nanocomposites of CNTs reinforced HAPn, and hybrid nanocomposites of CNTs and SS316L reinforced HAPn has been fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. Results: SEM analysis of SPS samples showed enhanced sintering of HAP-CNT nanocomposites, which also showed significant sintering behavior when combined with SS316L. Good densification was achieved in the nanocomposites. No phase change was observed for HAP at relatively higher sintering temperatures (1100°C) of SPS and tricalcium phosphate phase was not detected by XRD analysis. This represents the characteristic advantage with enhanced sintering behavior by SPS technique. Fracture toughness was found to increase with the addition of CNTs and SS316L in HAPn, while hardness initially enhanced with the addition of nonreinforcement (CNTs) in HAPn and then decrease for HAPn-CNT-SS316L hybrid nanocomposites due to presence of SS316L. Conclusion: A homogeneous distribution of CNTs and SPS technique resulted in the improved mechanical properties for HAPn-CNT-SS316L hybrid nanocomposites than other composites and suggested their application as bioimplant materials.

Sintering Behavior of Iron Aluminide Powders

2003 ◽  
Vol 426-432 ◽  
pp. 1897-1902
Author(s):  
S. Gedevanishvili ◽  
S.C. Deevi
Keyword(s):  
Iron Aluminide ◽  
Sintering Behavior

scholarly journals Quality assessment of gas produced from different types of biomass pellets in gasification process

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Mikeska ◽  
Jan Najser ◽  
Václav Peer ◽  
Jaroslav Frantík ◽  
Jan Kielar
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cleaning Technology

Gas from the gasification of pellets made from renewable sources of energy or from lower-quality fuels often contains a number of pollutants. This may cause technical difficulties during the gas use in internal combustion gas engines used for energy and heat cogeneration. Therefore, an adequate system of gas cleaning must be selected. In line with such requirements, this paper focuses on the characterization and comparison of gases produced from different types of biomass during gasification. The biomass tested was wood, straw, and hay pellets. The paper gives a detailed description and evaluation of the measurements from a fix-bed gasifier for the properties of the produced gases, raw fuels, tar composition, and its particle content before and after the cleaning process. The results of elemental composition, net calorific value, moisture, and ash content show that the cleaned gases are suitable for internal combustion engine-based cogeneration systems, but unsuitable for gas turbines, where a different cleaning technology would be needed.

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