Does Merit Have a Future?

PMLA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 678-685
Author(s):  
John Marx ◽  
Mark Garrett Cooper

Cathy N. davidson'S the new education: how to revolutionize the university to prepare students for a world in flux challenges us to address nonacademics, and to update our teaching, by focusing on the big picture. She calls on us to rise above departmental politics and the tribalism of disciplinary debates. Instead of engaging in those familiar struggles, we should be talking with our neighbors and our elected representatives about the advantages of eliminating letter grades; the virtues of pedagogies that are learner-centered, collaborative, and project-based; the perils of specialization; the damage that departments do by stifling change; the promise of educational technology if divorced from the profit motive; the myth that STEM degrees lead directly to career success; and, of course, the need for public reinvestment in higher education. Each of these talking points draws energy from Davidson's contention that digital media have rendered industrial models of education obsolete.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Peters

This special issue focused on ‘Digital Media and Contested Visions of Education’ provides an opportunity to examine the tendency to hypothesise a rupture in the history of the university. It does so by contrasting the traditional Humboldtian ideals of the university with a neoliberal marketised version and in order to ask questions concerning evaluations of the quality of higher education within a knowledge economy. Theorising the rupture has led to a variety of different accounts most of which start from an approach in political economy and differ according to how theorists picture this change in capitalism. Roughly speaking the question of whether to see the political economy of using social media in higher education from a state perspective or a network perspective is a critical issue. A state-centric approach is predisposed towards a reading that is based on a critical realist approach of Marxist political economy (Jessop 1993). By contrast an approach that decentres the state and focuses on global networked finance capitalism ironically grows out of a military-university research network created by the U.S. government. Arguably, networks, not states, now constitute the organising global structure (Castells 2009) and while state-centric theory with hierarchical structures are still significant, relational, selforganising and flexible market networks have become the new unit of analysis for understanding the circuits of global capital (Peters 2014; Peters 2009). However, states still have a role to play in norming the networks or providing the governing framework in international law.


Seminar.net ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yngve Nordkvelle

The song “There’s a kind of hush all over the world”, made famous worldwide by the Herman Hermits’ cover version in 1967 comes to mind after the last year’s hype of the “MOOC”-phenomenon. The hush – or peculiar silence after the “big noise” is less of a silence than a counter attack from the more sober participants in the discourses of lifelong learning. The editor of this journal took part in the 25Th ICDE World Conference in Tianjin, China in mid-October. We experienced the excited audience that is optimistic for when the MOOCs will swipe over the higher education sector in the developing world and provide access to top quality higher education. However, we also heard the voices of the experienced group of providers of higher education who have worked intensely for the same purpose for as long as the ICDE has existed: 75 years. The irony they express is that while authorities and politicians in all industrialized countries have urged higher education institutions to move in this direction, the adoption of policies and practices has been slow. Many countries have set up their own “Open universities” to bypass some of the most obstructive forces. The most obstructive ones have been institutions that are prestigious, private or simply too protective of their own privileges. The lifelong learning entrepreneurs have always emerged from social agents who primarily argue for the humanist values of education and- gradually - more and more intertwined by human capital arguments. And suddenly – inspired by the social media, by YouTube, Khan and a number of emerging new technologies, the previously most obstructive higher education institutions are on the pathway to “revolutionize” learning, make the best teaching available to everybody and “save” the rest of the world. Five of the highest ranked Chinese universities have now contracted “Coursera” software to “deliver” their Chinese courses to the “masses”. Many, many other universities, world wide, are about to follow their example. Main universities, who traditionally have failed to take interest in provide mass education, are now, all of a sudden, at the front of “the development”.In the aftermath – or hush – second thoughts start to come to the fore. One of the main entrepreneurs of “MOOC”s, Sebastian Thrun, named “the Godfather” of MOOC, and CEO of Udacity, admits the failure of the project ran with San Jose State University. He blames the poor academic quality of the students for the failure. Rebecca Schuman, a widely acclaimed columnist and educational experts comments that the MOOCs seem to fail exactly the group of students who, allegedly, would benefit the most from this way of teaching and learning. This brings us all back to square one, and underlines what veterans in the field always have said. This is a difficult enterprise. There is no salvations provided by a new technology. I would like to add: thanks for the enthusiasm, and I look forward to what comes after “the hush”.In this issue we bring a new article from Professor Theo Hug from the University of Innsbruck, Austria. This is an analytical paper that provides us with profound perspectives about what communication related to teaching and learning with media is all about. It claims that when enthusiasts, such as the those providing MOOCs, go about and introduce new trends, they are often helpless in understanding the elementary dimension of media education, or the epistemological issues of the field. Hug sums up his contribution by arguing for polylogical design principles for an educational knowledge organization.In the paper by Michaela Rizzolli, also from the University of Innsbruck, Austria, we bring another contribution aiming at shedding light on the very foundations of media education. Ms. Rizzolli studies online playgrounds and introduces us to the problems we encounter when we stick to dichotomies in our thinking about this phenomenon. She argues for the need to think wider and inclusively when describing phenomena theoretically and empirically.In the third paper, Professors Kari Nes and Gerd Wikan of Hedmark University College, Norway report from a project involving interactive whiteboards (IWB) in teaching in schools. In analyzing closely how seven teachers go about their interactive boards when teaching, they see that the IWBs have potentials that not all teachers are able to realize. They discuss what teachers need in order to develop their ability to stage “exploratory talks” with students.Last we bring a brief research report from Jacques Kerneis, who is a professor at ESPE (École Superiéure du Professorate et de l’éducation Bretagne), France, who outlines experiences from three differents projects aiming at defining digital-, media- and information literacy in a French speaking context. Using a particular vocabulary of « apparatus », « phenomenotechnique » and « phenomenographie » the projects aimed at providing a framework of the evolving interpretations of these phenomena.


Author(s):  
Kirk Johnson ◽  
Heather Garrido ◽  
Alyssa Gordon ◽  
M. G. Remitera-Huavas ◽  
Artemia Perez ◽  
...  

Our mission at educators, teachers, professors, and yes, even guides and facilitators on the journey of knowledge and learning for students in higher education must be to strive each and every day to foster an environment within the classroom and even beyond its walls that seeks to empower the learners to take charge of their own learning and to endeavor to find approaches and strategies that most effectively contribute to the outcomes of stated learning objectives. In this chapter, the authors analyze five years of experience within the classroom setting in upper level sociology courses at the University of Guam. The experience centers around strategies and approaches in three broad areas of learner-centered pedagogy that include flipping the classroom, collaborative, and active learning approaches.


Author(s):  
Carlos A. Scolari ◽  
Cristóbal Cobo Romaní ◽  
Hugo Pardo Kuklinski

Disintermediation based on digital technology has transformed different environments, including banking, commerce, media, education, and knowledge management. The spread of social software applications and digital media in general has given rise to new models of knowledge production and distribution in higher education. This chapter redefines higher education institutions and academic experts based on these changes. The chapter discusses the diffusion of disintermediation practices in higher education and proposes new categories, such as knowledge brokering, knowledge networking, and knowledge translation, to map a new environment that promotes disintermediation, innovation, and openness. Beyond the prophecies announcing the “death of the university,” the authors suggest new agents, actions, and transactions that are useful for envisaging the higher education institutions of the new century.


PMLA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 700-706
Author(s):  
Karen Thornber

Cathy N. Davidson's the new education: how to revolutionize the university to prepare students for a world in flux joins a rapidly growing genre that calls on society and its leaders to revolutionize education at all levels to prepare children and young adults for a fast-changing world. his genre includes the former Harvard University president Derek Bok's The Struggle to Reform Our Colleges (2017) and the Northeastern University president Joseph E. Aoun's Robot-Proof: Higher Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (2017). But whereas Bok focuses on why so little has changed in education despite the pressing need for radical transformation and Aoun introduces the new discipline of “humanics” as a means for higher education to prepare students for an era when professions are rapidly disappearing, Davidson highlights the widening gap between a rapidly changing society and an educational system that has not kept pace. Davidson supports her theoretical arguments with case studies of programs from institutions that are paving the way for a new education.


PMLA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy N. Davidson

I am deeply grateful to wai chee dimock for organizing this feature and to the distinguished scholars who have given generously of their time and attention to address the issues raised and solutions offered by The New Education: How to Revolutionize the University to Prepare Students for a World in Flux. No reader of PMLA needs to be reminded that our discipline and our departments are under duress, our majors plummeting just as we are being asked to teach more service courses with higher numbers of students and fewer faculty lines. his is a bleak time in higher education and for our field. Yet it is inspiring to witness the dedication and seriousness of all those fighting for higher education as a public good while also working to ensure that higher education addresses the needs of the public.


2021 ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Гайна Абдуловна Арсаханова

Во второй декаде ХХІ века внедрение электронно-цифровых устройств во все звенья общественных отношений достигло выдающихся масштабов, что отмечено и на образовательном процессе учреждений высшего образования. Развитие современной образовательной среды вуза невозможна без использования цифровых средств обучения (ЦСО) таких, как: платформы дистанционного обучения (EQUITY MAPS, GOOGLE CLASSROOM, MOODLE), мобильно-цифровых приложений (CLASSTIME, LEARNINGAPPS, QUIZIZZ) и платформ онлайн связи (GOOGLE MEET, ZOOM, WEBEX). Особое место в контексте внедрения ЦСО принадлежит медицинском образовании, где уровень личной подготовки соискателя (теоретической и практической) очень важен в контексте спасения человеческих жизней. Цифровые средства обучения позволяют использовать  особенности современного соискателя с его постоянными пребыванием в цифровом пространстве с целью обучения до введения ограничительных мер, вызванных пандемией COVID-19. Образовательный процесс не должен останавливаться, и соискатели должны получать качественное образование, но нужно сохранять баланс между аудиторной и дистанционной формой передачи знаний и умений. На помощь участникам образовательного процесса может прийти образовательная технология смешанного обучения. Эта технология обучения достаточно новая и динамично развивается, она незаменима при очной форме обучения. Данная образовательная технология предоставления образовательных услуг сочетает в себе лучшие аспекты и преимущества преподавания в аудитории и интерактивного или дистанционного обучения, создает доступные курсы для соискателей образования, при которых учебный процесс представляет собой систему, состоит из разных частей, которые функционируют в постоянной взаимосвязи друг с другом, образуя целостную образовательную среду вуза. In the second decade of the XXI century, the introduction of electronic and digital devices in all links of public relations reached an outstanding scale, which was also noted in the educational process of higher education institutions. The development of the modern educational environment of the university is impossible without the use of digital learning tools (CSOs) such as: distance learning platforms (EQUITY MAPS, GOOGLE CLASSROOM, MOODLE), mobile digital applications (CLASTIME, LEARNINGAPPS, QUIZIZZ) and online communication platforms (GOOGLE MEET, ZOOM, WEBEX). A special place in the context of the introduction of CSR belongs to medical education, where the level of personal training of the applicant (theoretical and practical) is very important in the context of saving human lives. Digital learning tools allow you to use the features of a modern applicant with his constant stay in the digital space for the purpose of training before the introduction of restrictive measures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The educational process should not stop, and applicants should receive a high-quality education, but it is necessary to maintain a balance between classroom and distance forms of knowledge and skills transfer. The educational technology of mixed learning can come to the aid of participants in the educational process. This training technology is quite new and dynamically developing, it is indispensable for full-time training. This educational technology of providing educational services combines the best aspects and advantages of teaching in the classroom and interactive or distance learning, creates accessible courses for educational applicants, in which the educational process is a system, consists of different parts that function in constant interrelation with each other, forming an integral educational environment of the university.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-306
Author(s):  
Dr. Hemlata Verma ◽  
Adarsh Kumar

Education has a key and decisive role in this scenario of contingencies. The National Education Policy 2020 has therefore been transformed into the framework of this reform, which could help to build a new education system in the country, in addition to strengthening those economic and social indicators. That still needs to be improved. NEP 2020 provides for quality higher education through multidisciplinary universities and autonomous colleges. We have critically examined the policy in this paper and proposed changes to ensure a seamless continuum with its predecessor in addition to its predecessor, boosting its importance. The current paper describes the analysis of the requirements for NEP 2020 provisions and management practices at the university level. Recommendations are made for the design and implementation of NEPs at national and HEIs (Higher Education levels).


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (27) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Pedro Antonio García-Tudela ◽  
María del Mar Sánchez-Vera ◽  
Isabel María Solano-Fernández

ResumenLas habitaciones de escape educativas son una estrategia metodológica emergente en la educación superior, lo cual conlleva un diseño minucioso de la propuesta de innovación. A través del presente trabajo se recogen y se analizan las principales necesidades que han reflejado los participantes de «JUMANTIC», una educational escape room para estudiantes de los Grados de Educación Infantil y Primaria de la Universidad de Murcia para asignaturas de Tecnología Educativa. Se aplicó un cuestionario Ad Hoc, a partir del cual se genera una red semántica con Atlas.ti V.8., de la que se extraen 4 categorías, 17 códigos libres y se analizan 79 unidades textuales. Finalmente, los resultados evidencian otros factores complementarios a los ya referenciados. Por lo tanto, este trabajo expone que es es necesario valorar otros aspectos como el espacio, la temperatura, la agrupación, etc. para así garantizar un óptimo diseño e implementación de una propuesta de innovación basada en una habitación de escape educativa.AbstractEducational escape rooms are an emerging methodological strategy in Higher Education, which entails a thorough design of the innovation proposal. Through this work, the main needs that the participants of «JUMANTIC», an educational escape room for students of the Grades of Infant and Primary Education of the University of Murcia for subjects of Educational Technology are collected and analyzed. An Ad Hoc questionnaire was applied, from which a semantic network with Atlas.ti V.8. Is generated, from which 4 categories, 17 free codes are extracted and 79 text units are analyzed. Finally, the results show other factors complementary to those already referenced. Therefore, this work exposes that it is necessary to assess other aspects such as space, temperature, grouping, etc. in order to guarantee an optimal design and implementation of an innovation proposal based on an educational escape room.


Numerous efforts have been taken to prepare graduates for employment right after their graduations. The statistics show that over 53,000 of Malaysian graduates were unemployed in 2017 and expected to increase in 2018 as the total unemployment for all group of people in July 2018 was 518,600. Although the outcome-based education (OBE) has been advocated in the 1970s to improve students’ achievement, higher education institutions are still struggling to produce quality and capable graduates to the industry. As the new education systems are emerging from time to time, academics of higher education institutions might have different interpretations of outcome-based education and its practices. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) relating to the OBE among academics in Universiti Putra Malaysia and to compare the respondents’ work profile characteristics with the KAP towards the implementation of the OBE. A total of 173 academics participated in this study through an online survey. The findings of this study indicated that the majority of the respondents were well versed with the knowledge of OBE and have a positive attitude and practices towards the implementation of OBE. Next, the results show that there are significant differences between positions on the respondents’ knowledge, and for the year of service in UPM on respondents’ attitude and practices towards the OBE implementation. It is anticipated that the findings from this study may help the university to improve the OBE system and to prepare the academics with the right knowledge, attitude, and practice towards the OBE implementation.


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