Non-protein-bound oestradiol and progesterone in human peripheral plasma before labour and delivery

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. B. Anderson ◽  
K. W. Hancock ◽  
R. E. Oakey
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Human Labour ◽  
Apparent Concentration ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Plasma samples were obtained at weekly intervals from the peripheral circulation of 12 women in the last 2–7 weeks of pregnancy. The concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone (isolated by chromatography) were measured by radioimmunoassay; the proportion of each hormone which was not bound to protein was measured by steady-state gel filtration. From these, the apparent concentration of the non-protein-bound form of each hormone was calculated. The mean proportion of oestradiol not bound to protein varied from 0·84 to 2·71% in the different subjects, but within each subject variation was within experimental error. For progesterone, the mean proportion not bound to protein in the different subjects varied from 1·76 to 2·77%; within individuals the proportion remained essentially constant. There was no consistent, recognizable trend as labour approached in (i) the concentration of oestradiol; (ii) the concentration of progesterone; (iii) the concentrations of non-protein-bound oestradiol or non-protein-bound progesterone; (iv) the ratio of the concentrations of progesterone and oestradiol; (v) the ratio of the concentrations of non-protein-bound progesterone and oestradiol. In nine out of 12 subjects, the ratio of the concentration of non-protein-bound progesterone to that of non-protein-bound oestradiol was greater than the corresponding ratio based on total hormone concentrations. These results therefore provide no support for the hypothesis that human labour is preceded by alteration in the progesterone to oestradiol ratio which can be detected by measurement of these hormones in peripheral blood. J. Endocr. (1985) 104, 7–15

Oestriol and non-protein-bound oestriol concentrations in human peripheral plasma before labour and delivery

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Moutsatsou ◽  
R. E. Oakey
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy ◽  
Apparent Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Centrifugal Ultrafiltration

ABSTRACT The concentration of oestriol and the proportion of this hormone not bound to plasma protein were measured using radioimmunoassay and centrifugal ultrafiltration respectively, in 55 samples of plasma obtained from 12 women in the last 2 to 7 weeks of uncomplicated pregnancy. Among individuals, the mean plasma concentration of oestriol varied from 25·8 to 94·8 nmol/l; in nine subjects, there was a tendency for oestriol concentrations to increase as delivery approached. The mean proportion of oestriol not bound to plasma protein in the different subjects varied from 13·1 to 18·9%, but values from any individual subject remained essentially constant during the periods of study. These measured values were used to calculate, for each sample, the apparent concentration of oestriol not bound to plasma protein. The results were combined with analogous values for oestradiol and progesterone obtained from the same plasma samples and described in a previous study. It was found that (i) the mean ratio of the concentration of oestriol and oestradiol was 0·75, (ii) the mean concentration of non-protein-bound oestriol was 8·7 times that of non-protein-bound oestradiol, and (iii) in individual subjects, there was no consistent trend as delivery approached in the ratio of the concentration of progesterone to that of oestriol in either the total or non-protein-bound form. J. Endocr. (1986) 108, 75–80

scholarly journals Some Physiological Factors Affecting the Binding of Cortisol by Human Plasma Proteins

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Few ◽  
J. R. Haspineall
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Free Cortisol ◽  
The Mean

Steady-state gel filtration has been used to study the binding of cortisol to human plasma proteins in vitro. Raising the temperature from 37°C to 41°C results in the mean proportion of free (non-protein-bound) cortisol rising approximately from 7% to 11%. Addition of cortisol to plasma ≡ 275 nmol/l) also increased the proportion of free cortisol by approximately 50%. Cortisone is less strongly bound to plasma proteins than cortisol. The mean values (±S.D.) for five samples were free cortisol 8.4 ± 1.1% and free cortisone 26.0±3.8%.

Plasma concentrations of testosterone and luteinizing hormone in rutting reindeer bulls (Rangifer tarandrus)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2081-2083 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-A. Stokkan ◽  
K. Hove ◽  
W. R. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Diurnal Pattern ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
The Mean

Concentrations of plasma testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured in peripheral plasma from semidomestic, rutting reindeer bulls. Although the concentrations of plasma testosterone were high and showed large variations, those of LH were low and only a few episodic bursts could be detected in hourly samples taken throughout a 48-h period. The mean testosterone concentration in three bulls differed significantly and ranked the animals according to their position in a fighting hierarchy. The mean concentrations of LH did not differ significantly. Plasma samples from one reindeer bull sampled every 20 min for periods of 3 h indicated that an increment in LH concentration preceded a peak in testosterone. No diurnal pattern in testosterone concentrations could be detected, but testosterone peaks seemed to appear about every 3–4 h. The present study thus demonstrates that a series of plasma samples throughout the day is necessary to determine a true "testosterone level" in the reindeer bull.

NON-PROTEIN-BOUND OESTROGENS IN PLASMA AND URINARY EXCRETION OF UNCONJUGATED OESTROGENS IN NON-PREGNANT WOMEN

1979 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALISON C. SPEIGHT ◽  
K. W. HANCOCK ◽  
R. E. OAKEY
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Equilibrium Dialysis ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Kidney Tubule ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Constant Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Matched Samples

The concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol-17β in peripheral plasma and the urinary excretion of unconjugated oestrone and unconjugated oestradiol-17β were measured by radioimmunoassay in 31 matched samples from seven young women. The concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol-17β not bound to protein in the plasma samples were measured following equilibrium dialysis. The urinary excretion of unconjugated oestrone (0·70 ± 0·34 nmol/24 h, mean ±s.d., n = 28) was found to be significantly, but poorly, correlated with the concentration of non-protein-bound oestrone in plasma (10·2 ± 3·8 pmol/l) (r = 0·44, P < 0·05). Similarly, the urinary excretion of unconjugated oestradiol-17β (0·29 ± 0·16 nmol/24 h, n = 30) was found to be significantly, but still rather poorly correlated with the concentration of non-protein-bound oestradiol-17β in plasma (7·4 ± 5·3 pmol/l) (r = 0·58, P< 0·001). Since the calculated proportions of oestrone and oestradiol-17β in plasma not bound to protein (3·4 ± 0·3% and 1·7 ± 0·2% respectively) remained fairly constant (coefficient of variation 9 and 10% respectively), measurement of oestrone or oestradiol-17β in plasma provided a better guide to the biologically available (non-protein-bound) hormone than did measurement of urinary unconjugated oestrogen. The mean renal clearance of both non-protein-bound oestrone and non-protein-bound oestradiol-17β (50 ± 21 and 36 ± 23 ml/min) was less than that of creatinine (114 ± 31 ml/min) indicating absorption and/or metabolism of each hormone by the kidney tubule.

DEVELOPMENT OF A RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR 5α-ANDROST-16-EN-3-ONE IN PIG PERIPHERAL PLASMA

1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ø. Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Accuracy Study ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for 5α-androst-16-en-3-one (5α-androstenone) in peripheral plasma from pigs has been developed. Antibodies against 5α-androstenone conjugated through C-3 to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were produced in rabbits. The antiplasma used in this study show a cross-reaction of 100% with 4,16-androstadien-3-one (androstadienone), 5.3 % with 5α-androst-16-en-3β-ol (an-β), 3.3 % with 5α-androst-16-en-3α-ol (an-α), 2.6 % with 4-androstene-3,17-dione (androstenedione) and 1.4% with 5,16-androstadien-3β-ol (andien-β). The standard curve plotted as log picogram (pg) unlabelled 5α-androstenone against counts per minute (cpm) bound radioactive steroid was almost linear from 50 to 800 pg 5α-androstenone. Regression analysis of the data from the accuracy study gave the curve y = 0.99 x+ 203. The precision and sensitivity of the method were satisfactory. In plasma samples from sows and castrated male pigs the mean 5α-androstenone found was 1.1 ng/ml. In plasma samples from boars from 1.2 to 54.1 ng/ml was found.

5α-ANDROSTENONE IN PERIPHERAL PLASMA OF PIGS, DIURNAL VARIATION IN BOARS, EFFECTS OF INTRAVENOUS HCG ADMINISTRATION AND CASTRATION

1975 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ø. Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Peak ◽  
Abrupt Rise

ABSTRACT 5α-Androstenone2) has been measured in pig peripheral plasma by radioimmunoassay (RIA). In 73 mature boars values ranging from 1.2 ng to 54.1 ng per ml plasma with a mean value of 18.3 ng/ml and sd = 15.9 were found. In female pigs and castrated male pigs the mean concentrations were 2.3 ng/ml (n=18) and 1.1 ng/ml (n=19) with sd = 0.8 and sd = 0.3 respectively. Clear-cut diurnal variations in the concentration of 5α-androstenone in plasma samples from boars were not observed. Intravenous injection of HCG in boars caused an abrupt rise in the 5αandrostenone level reaching a maximum in 90 min. Twenty-eight hours after the injection a second peak of plasma 5α-androstenone was observed. Following castration of boars the level of 5α-androstenone in peripheral plasma fell within 4 days, to levels found in female pigs.

Immunoreactivity of Tissue Plasminogen Activator and of Its Inhibitor Complexes

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (03) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rånby ◽  
G Nguyen ◽  
P Y Scarabin ◽  
M Samama
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Pai 1

SummaryAn enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on goat polyclonal antibodies against human tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was evaluated. The relative immunoreactivity of tPA in free form and tPA in complex with inhibitors was estimated by ELISA and found to be 100, 74, 94, 92 and 8l% for free tPA and tPA in complex with PAI-1, PAI-2, α2-antiplasmin and C1-inhibitor, respectively. Addition of tPA to PAI-1 rich plasma resulted in rapid and total loss of tPA activity without detectable loss of ELISA response, indicating an immunoreactivity of tPA in tPA/PAI-1 complex of about l00%. Three different treatments of citrated plasma samples (acidification/reneutralization, addition of 5 mM EDTA or of 0.5 M lysine) prior to determination by ELISA all resulted in increased tPA levels. The fact that the increase was equally large in all three cases along with good analytical recovery of tPA added to plasffi, supported the notion that all tPA antigen present in plasma samples is measured by the ELISA. Analysis by ELISA of fractions obtained by gel filtration of plasma from a patient undergoing tPA treatment identified tPA/inhibitor complexes and free tPA but no low molecular weight degradation products of tPA. Determinations of tPA antigen were made at seven French clinical laboratories on coded and randomized plasma samples with known tPA antigen content. For undiluted samples there was no significant difference between the tPA levels found and those known to be present. The between-assay coefficient of variation was 7 to 10%. In conclusion, the ELISA appeared suited for determination of total tPA antigen in human plasma samples.

The Estimation of Blood Platelet Survival

1972 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 447-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A Murphy ◽  
M. E Francis ◽  
J. F Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Least Squares Estimation ◽  
Systematic Relationship ◽  
Platelet Survival ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normally Distributed

SummaryThe characteristics of experimental error in measurement of platelet radioactivity have been explored by blind replicate determinations on specimens taken on several days on each of three Walker hounds.Analysis suggests that it is not unreasonable to suppose that error for each sample is normally distributed ; and while there is evidence that the variance is heterogeneous, no systematic relationship has been discovered between the mean and the standard deviation of the determinations on individual samples. Thus, since it would be impracticable for investigators to do replicate determinations as a routine, no improvement over simple unweighted least squares estimation on untransformed data suggests itself.

PROGESTERONE IN THE HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN THE PREOVULATORY PERIOD OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1967 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Runnebaum ◽  
Josef Zander
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Graafian Follicle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

ABSTRACT Progesterone was determined and identified in human peripheral blood during the preovulatory period of the menstrual cycle, by combined isotope derivative and recrystallization analysis. The mean concentration of progesterone in 1.095 ml of plasma obtained 9 days before ovulation was 0.084 μg/100 ml. However, the mean concentration of progesterone in 1.122 ml of plasma obtained 4 days before ovulation was 0.279 μg/100 ml. These data demonstrate a source of progesterone secretion other than the corpus luteum. The higher plasma-progesterone concentration 4 days before ovulation may indicate progesterone secretion of the ripening Graafian follicle of the ovary.

RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF OESTRONE AND OESTRADIOL IN THE PERIPHERAL PLASMA OF THE DOMESTIC FOWL IN VARIOUS PHYSIOLOGICAL STATES AND OF HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED AND OVARIECTOMIZED FOWLS

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Senior
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Chicken Ovary

ABSTRACT A radioimmunoassay was developed to measure the levels of oestrone and oestradiol in 0.5–1.0 ml of domestic fowl peripheral plasma. The oestrogens were extracted with diethyl ether, chromatographed on columns of Sephadex LH-20 and assayed with an antiserum prepared against oestradiol-17β-succinyl-bovine serum albumin using a 17 h incubation at 4°C. The specificity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy of the assays were satisfactory. Oestrogen concentrations were determined in the plasma of birds in various reproductive states. In laying hens the ranges of oestrone and oestradiol were 12–190 pg/ml and 29–327 pg/ml respectively. Levels in immature birds, in adult cockerels and in an ovariectomized hen were barely detectable. The mean concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol in the plasma of four non-laying hens (55 pg/ml and 72 pg/ml respectively) and one partially ovariectomized hen (71 pg/ml and 134 pg/ml respectively) were well within the range for laying hens. It is evident that the large, yolk-filled follicles are not the only source of oestrogens in the chicken ovary.

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