scholarly journals Drying of cherry tree chips in the experimental biomass dryer with solar collector

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ivanova ◽  
B. Havrland ◽  
P. Hutla ◽  
A. Muntean
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Cherry Tree ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Drying Chamber

Drying significantly influences the process of a biomass conversion into the renewable energy source as well as quality of solid biofuels (briquettes, pellets). The research is focused on monitoring and evaluation of the drying process in the case of cherry tree chips drying in experimental biomass dryer with solar collector. The dryer has been conceived as a result of the project which was realized at the State Agrarian University of Moldova. Technological and construction specifics of the biomass dryer are described in the paper. The moisture content of the cherry tree chips was observed in dependence of the drying time and at different locations of the drying chamber. The drying process in the biomass layer was found as non-uniform. Further parameters such as relative air humidity and the air temperature were measured and analysed, as well. It was concluded that the experimental biomass dryer with solar collector can work well in the conditions of the Central Moldova during the sunny period of the year.

Experimental Investigation of Active Solar Dryer for Drying of Chili

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuttachai Keawsuntia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Drying Chamber ◽  
Better Than

This research paper presents the experimental results of drying of chili by using the active solar dryer and sun drying because of chili is a commercial agricultural product of Thailand. The active solar dryer consisted of a solar collector, a drying chamber and a chimney. The small fans were installed in the solar collector of active solar dryer to provide the air flow circulated in the solar collector and a drying chamber. Drying of chili of 20 kg from moisture content 84 percent wet basis to 10 percent wet basis following the Thai Agricultural Standard (TAS 3001-2010) showed that the use of the active solar dryer to make the drying time reduced about 28.7 percent compared with sun drying because of the hot air temperature inside the drying chamber higher than the ambient temperature about 10 to 15 . The quality of dried chili from the active solar dryer better than dried chili from sun drying.

scholarly journals Air drying of macauba fruits: maintaining oil quality for biodiesel production

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e43451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gutierres Nelson Silva ◽  
José Antônio Saraiva Grossi ◽  
Marcela Silva Carvalho ◽  
Kacilda Naomi Kuki ◽  
Samuel de Melo Goulart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Quality ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
Efficient Storage ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Low Levels

Macauba fruits are oil-rich drupes with high moisture content at harvest. This feature can affect the chemical properties of the oil and increase the costs of biodiesel production. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt postharvest strategies to ensure oil quality. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of drying macauba fruit on the quality of the pulp oil. Husked and dehusked fruits were dried at 60°C and then stored. At 0, 15, 45, 100, and 180 days after storage, fruit samples were retrieved, and the oil from the pulp was evaluated for physicochemical parameters. The removal of the husk from the fruits considerably reduced the drying time compared to that of the husked fruits. Drying prevented deterioration of the fruit even after 180 days of storage, regardless of the presence of the husk. The drying process allowed for efficient storage of the macauba fruit while maintaining low levels of oil acidity. Furthermore, the oxidative stability of the pulp oil from the dehusked dried fruits lasted longer than that from the husked dried fruits. Therefore, drying is a viable alternative for the postharvest of macauba fruits to maintain the quality of the oil for biodiesel production.

A numerical simulation of a line-type paint drying furnace

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 2639-2653
Author(s):  
Jongrak Choi ◽  
Giyeob Yang ◽  
Nahmkeon Hur
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Results ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Nozzle Configuration ◽  
Paint Drying ◽  
Line Type

Purpose Paint drying is a very important process in an industry where shorter drying time for productivity and lower energy consumption for production cost are required while maintaining the product’s painting quality. In the present study, a drying process in a line-type paint drying furnace equipped with nozzles for hot air supply and moving conveyer belt to dry painted automotive parts is numerically simulated for the flow and heat transfer inside the furnace to evaluate the quality of the drying or baking at the end of the drying process in a production line. Design/methodology/approach A baking window for a specific paint is used for judging the local degree of baking (DOB) of the painted parts, which can be useful to identify under-baked or over-baked locations of the painted parts, and hence the quality of the baking process. Findings Numerical results of a time history of temperatures at two monitoring points on the painted parts were obtained and compared to the measured data in an actual furnace and showed good agreement. Three types of paints were considered in the present study and numerical results showed different drying characteristics. In addition to the original furnace nozzle configuration, two more furnace nozzle configurations with different numbers, direction and speed of hot air supply were simulated to improve the furnace’s drying performance. As a result, a newly suggested nozzle configuration with quick drying paint can give us a remarkable improvement in surface averaged DOB compared to the original nozzle configuration with original paint. Originality/value The present simulation technique and DOB methodology can be used for the optimal design of a drying furnace.

scholarly journals The Effect of Drying Parameters on the Quality of Pork and Poultry-Pork Kabanosy Produced according to the Traditional Specialties Guaranteed Recipe

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Chmiel ◽  
Lech Adamczak ◽  
Katarzyna Wrońska ◽  
Dorota Pietrzak ◽  
Tomasz Florowski
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Final Yield ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Drying Chamber ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of differentiated air relative humidity during the drying process on selected quality features of TSG (traditional specialties guaranteed) pork and poultry-pork kabanosy. After heat treatment and 24-hour cooling at 4–6°C, the products were placed in three chambers at 15°C with differentiated air relative humidity: 60, 70, and 80%, respectively. The drying process was carried out until all variants of kabanosy achieved the required final yield of the product (<68%). Color components, water activity and shear force, water, protein, fat, and salt content, and the TBARS indicator values were determined. The drying process might be shortened (~50%) by a reduction of humidity in the drying chamber from 80 to 60%. The changes in the content of chemical components in pork kabanosy compared to poultry-pork ones demonstrated the different dynamics of the drying of the two types of kabanosy and the need for the selection of optimum drying conditions relative to raw material composition.

Development of a Compact Vacuum Freeze Drying for Jelly Fish (Schypomedusae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Idrus Alhamid ◽  
M. Yulianto ◽  
Nasruddin M. ◽  
Engkos A. Kosasih
Keyword(s):  
Heat Loss ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Moisture Ratio ◽  
Cold Trap ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Internal Cooling ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Chamber Temperature ◽  
Drying Chamber

A new design of a vacuum freeze drying with internal cooling and heater from condenser’s heat loss was built and tested. The dryer was used to dry jelly fish (scyphomedusae) to study the effect of drying parameter such as temperature within the drying chamber on mass losses (evaporation) during freezing stage and moisture ratio at the end of drying process and also the drying rate of vacuum drying process. The cold trap temperature rise in when activated the heating from condenser’s heat loss. The midili thin layer mathematical drying model was used to estimate and predict the moisture ratio curve base on different drying chamber temperature. The result of this experiment show that mass loss during freezing stage decreased with a decrease in drying chamber temperature with constant pressure. Drying time reduced with an increase in drying temperature. Drying chamber temperature decreasing has a result pressure saturation of material lower than drying chamber pressure have an effect mass transfer should not occurs.

scholarly journals MOISTURE DYNAMICS MODELLING IN HYSSOPI HERBA DRYING PROCESS BY ACTIVE VENTILATION/DRĖGNIO KITIMO MODELIAVIMAS HYSSOPI HERBA DŽIOVINANT AKTYVIOSIOS VENTILIACIJOS BŪDU/МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ВЛАЖНОСТИ HYSSOPI HERBA В ПРОЦЕССЕ СУШКИ С АКТИВНОЙ ВЕНТИЛЯЦИEЙ

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelija Kemzūraitė ◽  
Algirdas Raila ◽  
Kristina Bimbiraitė ◽  
Olga Kornyšova ◽  
Audrius Maruška
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Dynamics Modelling ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Moisture Dynamics ◽  
Hyssopus Officinalis

Medicinal herbs after their harvesting participate in heat exchange with the environmental, as does each organic and hygroscopic material. Drying helps to conserve the medicinal raw material with the maximal preservation of its quality. The present investigation deals with the influence of the surrounding air factors (temperature and relative humidity) on drying intensity. The study object was aboveground part of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), i.e. Hyssopi herba was used as medicinal raw material. The aim of the study was to offer a mathematical model of time‐related medicinal herbs moisture dynamics and to show its qualitative agreement with the physical model of diffusion as well as to determine the optimum ventilation intensity of medicinal herbs. Drying of Hyssopi herba using active ventilation was investigated. Ventilation intensity and the parameters of the drying agent influenced the processes of moisture dynamics, the total drying time and the quality of Hyssopi herba. The basic prerequisites of the drying process have been analysed. A mathematical model of moisture dynamics has been proposed and used to show the dependence of theoretical moisture dynamics on ventilation velocity. The obtained experimental values of moisture content dynamics during the drying of Hyssopi herba have been shown to agree with theoretical dependences. Santrauka Vaistiniai augalai, kaip ir kiekviena organinė higroskopinė medžiaga, dalyvauja šilumos mainų procese su aplinka. Džiovinant siekiama konservuoti vaistinius augalus iki reikiamo drėgnio, kiek įmanoma išsaugant jų kokybę. Nagrinėta aplinkos oro veiksnių (temperatūros ir santykinio oro drėgnio) įtaka džiovinimo intensyvumui. Tyrimams naudota antžeminė vaistinio isopo (Hyssopus officinalis L.) dalis, t. y. vaistinė augalinė žaliava – isopų žolė (Hyssopi herba). Tyrimų tikslas – sudaryti drėgmės kitimo per tam tikrą laiką matematinį modelį, taikant gautą difuzijos sprendinį, bei nustatyti optimalų ventiliavimo intensyvumą. Tirtas Hyssopi herba džiovinimo taikant aktyviąją ventiliaciją procesas. Išanalizavus pagrindines džiovinimo sąlygas, sudarytas drėgmės kitimo priklausomybės nuo ventiliavimo intensyvumo, matematinis modelis. Ventiliavimo intensyvumas ir džiovinimo agento parametrai turėjo įtakos drėgmės mainų procesams, džiovinimo trukmei ir vaistinės augalinės žaliavos kokybei. Gauti drėgnio kitimo džiovinant Hyssopi herba rezultatai patvirtino, kad teorinės priklausomybės kokybiškai atitinka tiriamąjį procesą. Резюме Лекарственные растения, как и всякий органический гигроскопический материал, участвуют в процессе теплообмена с окружающей средой. С помощью сушки требуется консервировать лекарственные растения до нужной влажности, максимально сохраняя их качествo. Исследовалось влияние температуры и относительной влажности окружающего воздуха на интенсивность сушки. Объект исследования – наземная часть лекарственного иссопа (Hyssopus officinalis L.), т.е. лекарственное сырьё Hyssopi herba. Целью исследования было создать математическую модель изменения влажности с течением времени, применяя полученное решение диффузии, и определить оптимальную интенсивность вентиляции. Процесс сушки Hyssopi herba исследовался способом активной вентиляции. Различные параметры интенсивности вентиляции и сушильной среды влияли на процесс влагообмена, продолжительность сушки и качество лекарственного сырья. Произведен качественный анализ основных предпосылок процесса сушки. Предложена математическая модель изменения влажности, и на ее основе получена теоретическая зависимость изменения влажности от интенсивности вентиляции. Полученные результаты подтвердили соответствие между теоретической моделью и экспериментальными данными.

Parameter Optimization of Vacuum Freeze-Drying Processing on Tan Lamb

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 4281-4284
Author(s):  
Chen Ji ◽  
Yan Li Fan ◽  
Gui Shan Liu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Rui Ming Luo
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Plate Temperature ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Material Thickness ◽  
Heating Plate ◽  
Drying Chamber

In this paper, the effects of drying chamber pressure, heating plate temperature and material thickness on the drying time of Tan lamb in vacuum freeze-drying process were studied using quadratic regression orthogonal design. The results showed that the drying time was significantly affected by drying chamber pressure, heating plate temperature and material thickness as well as the interaction of heating plate temperature and material thickness. The optimized parameters were drying chamber pressure 27.9 Pa, heating plate temperature 47.9°C and material thickness 4.3 mm. On these parameters, the drying time was 4.3 h.

scholarly journals РАЗРАБОТКА И ИСПЫТАНИЕ СОЛНЕЧНОЙ УСТАНОВКИ С ПОЛИКАРБОНАТНЫМ ПОКРЫТИЕМ ДЛЯ СУШКИ ПРОДУКТОВ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА

World Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketevan Archvadze ◽  
Ilia Chachava ◽  
Ketevan Papava ◽  
Nanuli Khotenashvili ◽  
Riva Liparteliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Solar Drying ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Natural Drying

The proposed solar drying system significantly reduces the drying time and improves the quality of the product, including the preservation of vitamins. When drying rosehip, a laboratory analysis for vitamin "C" showed that 28% of this vitamin is destroyed during natural drying, and 17% when using a solar dryer.The drying speed increases by 2.5 - 4 times compared to traditional outdoor drying.In the proposed installation, you can dry different agricultural products, you can change the coating of the solar drying unit. In S/D, the air temperature is higher than in the environment from about 13 to 32 degrees Celsius, depending on weather conditions.The drying process in the S/D apparatus allows you to ensure the purity of the products. S/D is covered and during the drying process the product is not contaminated with dust and rain, by influence of dew, is not damaged by birds, insects or wasps.This device is convenient for transportation, during the day it can be moved and rotated to align to the sun.The proposed solar dryer is easy to manufacture and can be widely used in large and small farms, private and subsidiary farms.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Kualitas Cabai Merah Kering Dengan Perlakuan Blanching Dalam Natrium Metabisulfit

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-415
Author(s):  
Ridwan Ridwan ◽  
Agus Arip Munawar ◽  
Rita Khathir
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
The Third ◽  
The People ◽  
Drying Chamber

Abstrak.Mutu cabai kering perlu ditingkatkan sehingga masyarakat  mau menggunakan cabai kering sebagai pengganti cabai segar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mutu cabai merah kering yang diberi perlakuan blanching dengan variasi konsentrasi larutan natrium metabisulfit sebelum proses pengeringannya. Variasi konsentrasi yang diuji adalah 0%, 0,2% dan 0,3%. Pengeringan cabai merah dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat pengering terowongan surya tipe Hohenheim termodifikasi. Proses pengeringan berlangsung selama 3 hari dengan rentang waktu yang berbeda yang diakibatkan oleh tahapan perlakuan pra pengeringan yaitu blanching dan kondisi hujan, dimana total waktu pengeringan adalah 10 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama proses pengeringan terjadi fluktuasi iradiasi surya dimana rata-rata iradiasi surya tertinggi diperoleh pada hari ketiga yaitu sebasar  383,73 W/m². Pengeringan menggunakan alat pengering tipe Hohenheim berlangsung dengan rentang temperatur pengeringan 42-62 ºC, RH 26-78%, dan kecepatan udara yang sangat rendah. Peningkatan konsentrasi larutan natrium metabisulfit mempercepat penurunan kadar air sehingga mempercepat proses pengeringan.Vitamin C cabai kering menurun setelah pengeringan sebagai akibat terpaparnya cabai kering terhadap temperatur pengeringan. Rendemen cabai kering menurun dengan peningkatan konsentrasi larutan natrium metabisulfit. Berdasarkan analisis warna, warna tercerah diperoleh pada cabai merah kering perlakuan blanching dalam larutan natrium metabisulfit dengan konsentrasi 0,2%.Increasing quality of dried red chili Pepper by Blanching treatment in solutionof natrium metabisulfiteAbstract.The quality of dried red chili pepper have to improve so that the people will use dried red chili pepper as alternative to fresh red chili pepper. The study aimed to evaluate the quality of dried red chili pepper after blanching in solution of sodium metabisulfite at different concentration i.e. 0, 0.2, and 0.3%. The drying process was done by using modified solar tunnel Hohenheim type dryer.The complete drying process needed 3 days at different durration and the total time used was about 10 hours due to the preparation of blanching treatment and rainy day. Results showed that during the drying process there was high fluctuation of solar irradiation, where the highest average of solar irradiation occurred on the third day, 383.73 W/m². The drying temperature ranged from 42 to 62  ºC and the relative humidity ranged from 26 to 78%. However the air velocity in the drying chamber was very low. The increase of concentration of sodium metabusulfite solution caused the higher water loss therefore shortern the drying process. The vitamin C of dried red chili decreased at all concentration treated due to the high temperature during drying process. The yield of dried red chili decreased as the increase of concentration of sodium metabusulfite solution. The bright colour of dred red chili was gained by using  concentration of sodium metabusulfite solutionat 0.2%.

scholarly journals Kinetic study, optimization and comparison of sun drying and superheated steam drying of asam gelugor (Garcinia cambogia)

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-406
Author(s):  
G.W. Lim ◽  
S. Jafarzadeh ◽  
Norazatul Hanim M.R.
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Superheated Steam Drying ◽  
Steam Drying

The purposes of present study are to compare the kinetic drying of the G. cambogia through sun drying and superheated steam drying (SSD) method and optimizing the quality of SSD of it through response surface methodology. G. cambogia fruit rinds were dried at temperature of 150°C, 200°C and 250°C. The drying curves were fitted into the mathematical model of Page, Lewis and Henderson-Pabis models. Page model was found to be the best in describing the drying behavior of G. cambogia. Drying rate constant (k) increased as temperature increased and SSD method had overall higher drying rates ranged from 5.929 x 10-5 to 5.861 x 10-4 min-1 than sun drying method which was 4.980 x 10-6 min-1 . Total acid number showed a trend of increased followed by decreased over drying time. superheated steam drying process of G. cambogia fruit rinds was optimized by using response surface methodology employing a central composite design. Drying time and temperature were the factors in optimization while moisture content (wet basis), acid number and lightness (*L) were the response parameters. Experimental results were fitted to a second-order polynomial model and the model fitness and optimal drying condition were determined by regression analysis and analysis of variance. The optimal conditions for superheated steam drying of G. cambogia fruit rinds were identified as 46.60 mins and 150°C with the composite desirability of 0.913. Application of superheated steam drying under controlled conditions resulted in faster drying process and better quality of dried G. cambogia than conventional sun drying technique.

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