scholarly journals Effect of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) treatment with brassinosteroids on the content of cadmium and lead in plant aerial biomass and grain

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kroutil ◽  
A. Hejtmánková ◽  
J. Lachman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Plant Growth Stages ◽  
Aas Method ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Spring wheat var. Vánek was cultivated in pots in a soil naturally contaminated with heavy metals. Experimental plants were treated with three different types of brassinosteroids (BRs; 24-epibrassinolide, 24-epicastasterone and 4154) during two different growth stages 29–31 DC (off shooting) and 59–60 DC (beginning of anthesis). Content of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn) was determined using AAS method in the plant growth stages 47–49 DC (visible awns), 73–75 DC (30–50% of final grain size) and 90–92 DC (full ripeness). At the stages 47–49 DC and 73–75 DC, the content of the heavy metals was determined in the biomass of whole plants, while at the stage 90–92 DC it was determined separately in straw and grains. After the treatment of plants with BRs a decrease in heavy metals content was observed in the growth stage 73–75 DC (i.e. during the period when the plants are harvested for ensilage purposes. Likewise, a decrease of lead content in the grains by 70–74% in the plants treated at both stages 29–31 DC and 59–60 DC and by 48–70% in the plants of the third group (plants treated at stage 59–60 DC) was determined as compared with the untreated plants.

Correlation of Deoxynivalenol Accumulation in Fusarium-Infected Winter and Spring Wheat Cultivars with Secondary Metabolites at Different Growth Stages

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (22) ◽  
pp. 4545-4555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Etzerodt ◽  
Rene Gislum ◽  
Bente B. Laursen ◽  
Kirsten Heinrichson ◽  
Per L. Gregersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Different Growth Stages

scholarly journals Autofluorescence Is a Common Trait in Different Oceanic Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Eva Breyer ◽  
Markus Böhm ◽  
Magdalena Reitbauer ◽  
Chie Amano ◽  
Marilena Heitger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
Ubiquitous Presence ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Natural autofluorescence is a widespread phenomenon observed in different types of tissues and organisms. Depending on the origin of the autofluorescence, its intensity can provide insights on the physiological state of an organism. Fungal autofluorescence has been reported in terrestrial and human-derived fungal samples. Yet, despite the recently reported ubiquitous presence and importance of marine fungi in the ocean, the autofluorescence of pelagic fungi has never been examined. Here, we investigated the existence and intensity of autofluorescence in five different pelagic fungal isolates. Preliminary experiments of fungal autofluorescence at different growth stages and nutrient conditions were conducted, reflecting contrasting physiological states of the fungi. In addition, we analysed the effect of natural autofluorescence on co-staining with DAPI. We found that all the marine pelagic fungi that were studied exhibited autofluorescence. The intensity of fungal autofluorescence changed depending on the species and the excitation wavelength used. Furthermore, fungal autofluorescence varied depending on the growth stage and on the concentration of available nutrients. Collectively, our results indicate that marine fungi can be auto-fluorescent, although its intensity depends on the species and growth condition. Hence, oceanic fungal autofluorescence should be considered in future studies when fungal samples are stained with fluorescent probes (i.e., fluorescence in situ hybridization) since this could lead to misinterpretation of results.

scholarly journals Study of the concentration of Arsenic, Cadmium and lead heavy metals in different types of domestic and imported Rice of Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Roya Behrouzi ◽  
Mohammd Hosein Marhamatizadeh ◽  
Shahram Shoeibi ◽  
Vadood Razavilar ◽  
Hossein Rastegar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

scholarly journals Development of Chlorophyll-Meter-Index-Based Dynamic Models for Evaluation of High-Yield Japonica Rice Production in Yangtze River Reaches

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Xiaojun Liu ◽  
Syed Tahir Ata-Ul-Karim ◽  
Jingshan Lu ◽  
Brian Krienke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Ripening Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Accurate estimation of the nitrogen (N) spatial distribution of rice (Oryza sativa L.) is imperative when it is sought to maintain regional and global carbon balances. We systematically evaluated the normalized differences of the soil and plant analysis development (SPAD) index (the normalized difference SPAD indexes, NDSIs) between the upper (the first and second leaves from the top), and lower (the third and fourth leaves from the top) leaves of Japonica rice. Four multi-location, multi-N rate (0–390 kg ha−1) field experiments were conducted using seven Japonica rice cultivars (9915, 27123, Wuxiangjing14, Wunyunjing19, Wunyunjing24, Liangyou9, and Yongyou8). Growth analyses were performed at different growth stages ranging from tillering (TI) to the ripening period (RP). We measured leaf N concentration (LNC), the N nutrition index (NNI), the NDSI, and rice grain yield at maturity. The relationships among the NDSI, LNC, and NNI at different growth stages showed that the NDSI values of the third and fourth fully expanded leaves more reliably reflected the N nutritional status than those of the first and second fully expanded leaves (LNC: NDSIL3,4, R2 > 0.81; NDSIothers, 0.77 > R2 > 0.06; NNI: NDSIL3,4, R2 > 0.83; NDSIothers, 0.76 > R2 > 0.07; all p < 0.01). Two new diagnostic models based on the NDSIL3,4 (from the tillering to the ripening period) can be used for effective diagnosis of the LNC and NNI, which exhibited reasonable distributions of residuals (LNC: relative root mean square error (RRMSE) = 0.0683; NNI: RRMSE = 0.0688; p < 0.01). The relationship between grain yield, predicted yield, and NDSIL3,4 were established during critical growth stages (from the stem elongation to the heading stages; R2 = 0.53, p < 0.01, RRMSE = 0.106). An NDSIL3,4 high-yield change curve was drawn to describe critical NDSIL3,4 values for a high-yield target (10.28 t ha−1). Furthermore, dynamic-critical curve models based on the NDSIL3,4 allowed a precise description of rice N status, facilitating the timing of fertilization decisions to optimize yields in the intensive rice cropping systems of eastern China.

Speciation and accumulation pattern of heavy metals from soil to rice at different growth stages in farmland of southwestern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (28) ◽  
pp. 35675-35691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenming Zhang ◽  
Xianliang Wu ◽  
Qiusheng Wu ◽  
Xianfei Huang ◽  
Jiachun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Spring Wheat Tolerance to De-750 Applications at Different Growth Stages

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Leaden ◽  
C.M. Lozano ◽  
M.G. Monterubbianesi ◽  
E.V. Abello
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Critical concentrations of potassium in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Singh ◽  
M. S. Brar ◽  
A. S. Brar
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Growth Stages

SUMMARYPotassium concentrations in various plant parts of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) at different growth stages were determined in field experiments in Punjab, India, in 1987, for plots fertilized at sowing and flowering, and these were compared with the final seed cotton yield. The optimum time of sampling for predicting relative yield depends on the time of K fertilizer application: if applied at sowing, plants should be sampled before the peak flowering stage (70 days after sowing, DAS); if applied at flowering (50 DAS), plants should be sampled 90–115 DAS. Critical K concentrations (% K. in dry matter) in the plant parts measured at different growth stages were 3·26 in the petioles of the third leaf from the top at flower initiation; 0·69 and 0·90 in blades and petioles of a lower leaf (first or second healthy leaf from the bottom of plant) respectively, and 2·60 in the petioles of the third leaf (young, fully mature leaf from the top of the plant) at peak flowering stage; 0·85 in blades of the third leaf, 0·53 and 0·50 in blades and petioles of a lower leaf, respectively, at the boll development stage; 0·70 and 2·85 in blades and petioles of the third leaf and 0·68 in petioles of a lower leaf at boll opening stage.

scholarly journals Response of Nitrogen Application at Different Growth Stages on Fine Aman Rice (CV. Kalizira)

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
MA Haque ◽  
MNH Miah ◽  
ME Haque ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stages ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
N Application ◽  
Plant Growth Stages ◽  
Single Super Phosphate ◽  
Initiation Stage ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Growth Stages ◽  
Different Doses

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University during the aman season of 2005-2006 to investigate the response of different doses of nitrogen application at different growth stages on fine aman rice (cv. kalizira). The experiment consisted of 3 levels of N application namely, 50% of recommended N, 100% of recommended N (150kg ha-1) and 25% higher than recommended N and 3 different plant growth stages of N application namely transplanting, maximum tillering and panicle initiation stage. The application of single super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate were same in all the plots at the rate of 125, 67, 20 and 5 kg ha-1, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design (SPD) with three replications. All data were analyzed using the analysis of variance technique and the mean differences were adjusted   by DMRT. The results revealed that different doses of nitrogen had significant positive effect on the most of the vegetative   parameters. Plant height, numbers of tiller hill-1, leaf hill-1, dry matter hill-1 were to be highest with the increasing rate of nitrogen at all sampling excluding final harvest.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11582J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 199 - 203, 2012

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