scholarly journals The influence of selenium soil application on its content in spring wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ducsay ◽  
O. Ložek ◽  
L. Varga L
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Selenium Accumulation ◽  
Npk Fertilization

The influence of application of increasing doses of selenium (0.05 mg, 0.10 mg and 0.20 mg/kg) into soil in pot experiments, with NPK fertilization of spring wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L., variety Banti), on the biomass yield (grain, straw, roots) and on selenium accumulation was observed. Selenium in the form of sodium selenite (Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub>•5H<sub>2</sub>O) and the NPK nutrients in the form of LAD-27, Ca(H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and KCl were applied. The average two-year results showed the expected indifferent effect of increasing doses of selenium on the yield of wheat grain, straw and roots. The differentiated doses of selenium into soil caused a significant increase of selenium content in dry matter (dm) of grain, straw and roots of wheat. The highest content of selenium (0.732 mg/kg in grain, 0.227 mg/kg in straw and 1.375 mg/kg in roots dm) was determined in the variant where 0.2 mg Se/kg of soil was applied. When applying the lowest dose of selenium (0.05 mg Se/kg of soil) the content of selenium was 0.155 mg Se/kg in grain. The selenium content in individual analysed parts of wheat was increasing in the following order: straw – grain – roots.

Fall-Applied Trifluralin Granules in Conservation-till Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Endres ◽  
William H. Ahrens
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Line Transect Method ◽  
Fall Application

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate postplant crop residue, green and yellow foxtail control, and wheat grain yield after fall application of trifluralin granules in undisturbed small grain stubble. Levels of postplant residue were at least 48% cover (line transect method) and 2750 kg/ha of aboveground dry matter where herbicide granules were left unincorporated or were incorporated with conservation-till methods, including an undercutter, rotary hoe, or undercutter followed by a rotary hoe. Trifluralin at 0.56 kg/ha applied as granules in mid October in untilled stubble and incorporated with conservation-till methods controlled foxtail 81 to 88%, with control appearing slightly lower when granules were not incorporated. The 81 to 88% foxtail control in conservation-till treatments was comparable to control achieved with trifluralin at 0.56 kg/ha applied in mid October on conventionally-tilled soil and incorporated by a field cultivator. Foxtail control improved somewhat as trifluralin rate was increased to 0.84 and 1.12 kg/ha in conservation-till treatments. Slight wheat stand reductions at 1.12 kg/ha of trifluralin did not appear to reduce wheat yield. Fall application of trifluralin granules in these high-residue conditions apparently minimizes herbicide losses by photodecomposition and volatility, thereby facilitating good trifluralin efficacy the following season.

scholarly journals Selenium Biofortification of Wheat as a Strategy to Improve Human Nutrition

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Radawiec ◽  
Wiesław Szulc ◽  
Beata Rutkowska
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Elongation Phase ◽  
Fertilisation Treatment ◽  
Foliar Fertilisation

This paper analyses the effects of soil and foliar fertilization with sodium selenate (VI) on the selenium content in spring wheat grain. The research was carried out at the Departmental Experimental Station of the Institute of Agriculture WULS in Skierniewice in 2018 and 2019. The dose of selenium used was 5.00 g Se·ha−1 in various development stages of spring wheat. The results showed that selenium fertilisation did not affect the size of the grain yield, but both soil and foliar fertilisation significantly increased the content of selenium in wheat grain compared to the control group. The highest Se content was obtained with the method of soil fertilisation combined with the foliar application with a total dose of 10.00 g·ha-1 Se in the stem elongation phase (S + F2), and in the tillering and stem elongation phase (S + F1 + F2), which resulted in the values of 0.615 and 0.719 mg·kg−1 Se in grain, respectively. On this basis, it was concluded that the best time to carry out foliar fertilisation treatment is in the stem elongation phase (BBCH 30–39). The results show that the greatest increase in selenium content in the grain is achieved with soil and foliar fertilisation combined.

EFFECTS OF INCREMENTAL N FERTILIZATION ON GRAIN YIELD AND DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF SIX SPRING WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. GEHL ◽  
L. D. BAILEY ◽  
C. A. GRANT ◽  
J. M. SADLER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation

A 3-yr study was conducted on three Orthic Black Chernozemic soils to determine the effects of incremental N fertilization on grain yield and dry matter accumulation and distribution of six spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Urea (46–0–0) was sidebanded at seeding in 40 kg N ha−1 increments from 0 to 240 kg ha−1 in the first year and from 0 to 200 kg ha−1 in the 2 subsequent years. Nitrogen fertilization increased the grain and straw yields of all cultivars in each experiment. The predominant factor affecting the N response and harvest index of each cultivar was available moisture. At two of the three sites, 91% of the interexperiment variability in mean maximum grain yield was explained by variation in root zone moisture at seeding. Mean maximum total dry matter varied by less than 12% among cultivars, but mean maximum grain yield varied by more than 30%. Three semidwarf cultivars, HY 320, Marshall and Solar, had consistently higher grain yield and grain yield response to N than Glenlea and Katepwa, two standard height cultivars, and Len, a semidwarf. The mean maximum grain yield of HY 320 was the highest of the cultivars on test and those of Katepwa and Len the lowest. Len produced the least straw and total dry matter. The level of N fertilization at maximum grain yield varied among cultivars, sites and years. Marshall and Solar required the highest and Len the lowest N rates to achieve maximum grain yield. The year-to-year variation in rates of N fertilization needed to produce maximum grain yield on a specific soil type revealed the limitations of N fertility recommendations based on "average" amounts and temporal distribution of available moisture.Key words: Wheat (spring), N response, standard height, semidwarf, grain yield

scholarly journals Spring wheat yield (Triticum aestivum L.) when applying selenium fertilizers in extreme growing conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012038
Author(s):  
I I Seregina ◽  
I G Makarskaya ◽  
A S Tsygutkin ◽  
I V Kirichkova
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract To study the effect of sodium Selenite application different methods on the yield of spring wheat varieties, depending on the conditions of water supply, a series of vegetation experiments in accordance with the methodology were carried out. The object of the study is spring wheat of the Zlata variety (Triticum aestivum L.). It was found that the effect of selenium on the yield of wheat of the Zlata variety depended on the method of its application and the conditions of water supply. With optimal water supply, the positive effect of selenium on the yield of spring wheat plants was revealed with both methods of applying sodium selenite. It was found that in conditions of drought, the positive effect of selenium was obtained with both methods of using sodium selenite. The greatest efficiency of selenium is obtained in foliar processing of plants. The increase in grain weight in this variant was 1.4 times. The increase in the share of the agronomic significant part of the wheat crop yield to 36% is shown, which indicates the decrease in the negative effect of drought on the formation of spring wheat yield when using foliar processing of plants.

The effect of ammonium sulphate treated with a nitrification inhibitor, and calcium nitrate, on growth and N-uptake of spring wheat, ryegrass and kale

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Spratt ◽  
J. K. R. Gasser
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Wheat Grain

SUMMARYWheat, ryegrass and kale were grown with ammonium sulphate (treated with a nitrification inhibitor) or calcium nitrate supplying 50 and 100 lb N/acre, and without fertilizer-N. Plants were sampled at various stages, dry weights measured, percentage N determined and N uptakes calculated.Initially wheat and ryegrass grew better and took up more N with ammonium fertilizer than with nitrate. Final yields of dry matter did not differ between forms. Kale produced more dry matter with calcium nitrate than with ammonium sulphate. All crops produced more dry matter with fertilizer-N than without. Fertilized crops contained greatest weights of N 109 days after sowing, when wheat and ryegrass had more with ammonium than with nitrate and kale had less. The 50 lb N/acre as calcium nitrate produced the most wheat grain/lb of fertilizer-N.During the period when growth and N uptake were fastest, wheat grew faster with ammonium than with nitrate, ryegrass grew similarly with both forms, and kale faster with nitrate; wheat and ryegrass took up N faster from ammonium sulphate and kale from calcium nitrate.Mature wheat recovered 58% of the fertilizer-N from calcium nitrate and 43% from ammonium sulphate. After 21 weeks of growth, kale recovered more N from calcium nitrate (50%) than from ammonium sulphate (24%), whereas grass recovered about 40% from each.

scholarly journals Application of grain baits to control common vole Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1778) in alfalfa crops, Serbia

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 629-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Jokic ◽  
Marina Vuksa ◽  
I. Elezovic ◽  
Suzana Djedovic ◽  
D. Kataranovski
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Common Vole ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Density Indices ◽  
The Common ◽  
Rodent Populations ◽  
Active Substances

In order to compare the efficacies of conventional (cholecalciferol and bromadiolone) and new (sodium selenite) rodenticides, applied in the grain bait formulation on the whole-grain of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and triticale (Triticasecale) in alfalfa crops, experiments were conducted at two sites near Belgrade, Serbia, in the spring of 2009, using a standard EPPO method. The presence of rodent populations, their spatial distribution and density indices were evaluated by pretreatment census and rodenticide efficacy by counting active holes, 14 and 28 days after treatment. The average Microtus arvalis numbers of 158/ha and 184/ha were found to cause 7.4% and 9.6% alfalfa green biomass yield decreases, respectively. Twenty-eight days after treatment, the average efficacy of grain bait formulation (on wheat and triticale grains) of sodium selenite and cholecalciferol was 81%, while bromadiolone which had a higher efficiency, 85%, in the control of the common vole in alfalfa crops. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the origin of active substances, bases and associated interactions a.s x based on the efficacy-investigated grain baits did not have a statistically significant impact on the expression efficiency of the tested baits. Triticale grains can be used as carriers of active substances, sodium selenite, cholecalciferol or bromadiolone in preparation baits. Control of M. arvalis with the new rodenticide, sodium selenite, gave efficacy results about equal to that of cholecalciferol and bromadiolone and, therefore, provided a possible alternative rodenticide for vole control in alfalfa.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary selenium sources and levels on performance, selenium content in muscle and glutathione peroxidase activity in broiler chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 572-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Heindl ◽  
Z. Ledvinka ◽  
M. Englmaierová ◽  
L. Zita ◽  
E. Tůmová
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
Breast Meat

The study examined the effect of dietary supplements of sodium selenite (SS), selenium-enriched yeast (Sel-Plex&reg;, SP) and selenium-enriched alga Chlorella (SCH) on growth traits, carcass analysis, selenium content in breast meat, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in breast and thigh meat and liver of chickens. The experiment was realized with seven hundred thirty-five cockerels Ross 308 randomly divided into 7 dietary treatments with 3 replications in each treatment. Chickens were fed a diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.15 or 0.30 mg of selenium/kg in the form of sodium selenite (SS), Sel-Plex&reg; (SP) and selenium-enriched alga Chlorella (SCH). Selenium addition influenced body weight at 21 (P &le; 0.001) and 35 (P &le; 0.05) days of age. Significantly higher body weight at 35 days of age was determined in chickens receiving 0.15 mg of selenium from SP (2 122 g) and 0.3 mg of selenium from SCH (2 116 g) contrary to dietary treatment with a lower level of selenium from SCH (2 010 g) per kg of feed. The selenium content in breast muscle was increased (P &le; 0.001) by both the lower and higher selenium concentration in the form of SP (0.6 and 0.85 mg/kg dry matter) and SCH (0.6 and 0.82 mg/kg dry matter) in comparison with the control (0.31 mg/kg dry matter). A significant increase (P &le; 0.001) was ascertained even in SS treatments, but no significant differences were found between both levels. The selenium source and level, including SS, significantly (P &le; 0.001) influenced the GSH-Px activity in breast and thigh meat. &nbsp;

Evaluation of the CERES and EPIC models for predicting spring wheat grain yield over time

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Moulin ◽  
H. J. Beckie
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Reasonable Accuracy ◽  
Over Time

The EPIC and CERES simulation models were used to predict spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield from long-term (1960–1989) crop rotations at Melfort, Saskatchewan. Although both models simulated annual yields poorly, they predicted long-term mean yields with reasonable accuracy. Key words: Spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L., yield, models, CERES, EPIC

Response of Hard Red Spring Wheat to CGA-82725

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-243
Author(s):  
Richard Mohan ◽  
Elhassanein Elslirbini Hassanein ◽  
Rodney G. Lym ◽  
Stephen D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Control Absorption ◽  
Over Time

The response of ‘Era’ (tolerant) and ‘Coteau’ (susceptible) hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) to CGA-82725 2-propynyl ester of {2-[4- [(3,5-dichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy] phenoxy] propanoic acid} was determined in field and greenhouse evaluations. Era wheat was most susceptible to CGA-82725 applied at early jointing through the boot stage. Coteau wheat was most susceptible at die two-leaf stage and between early jointing through spike emergence. Coteau was injured more than Era wheat as the CGA-82725 rate was increased from 0.14 to 0.28 kg ai/ha. Wheat grain yield reductions were greatest when CGA-82725 was applied at the early jointing through boot stage for both cultivars and averaged 73% of the control. Absorption and translocation of14C-CGA-82725 were similar and increased over time regardless of cultivar. Most of the absorbed14C remained in the treated leaf in both cultivars.

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