Selenium Biofortification of Wheat as a Strategy to Improve Human Nutrition

This paper analyses the effects of soil and foliar fertilization with sodium selenate (VI) on the selenium content in spring wheat grain. The research was carried out at the Departmental Experimental Station of the Institute of Agriculture WULS in Skierniewice in 2018 and 2019. The dose of selenium used was 5.00 g Se·ha−1 in various development stages of spring wheat. The results showed that selenium fertilisation did not affect the size of the grain yield, but both soil and foliar fertilisation significantly increased the content of selenium in wheat grain compared to the control group. The highest Se content was obtained with the method of soil fertilisation combined with the foliar application with a total dose of 10.00 g·ha-1 Se in the stem elongation phase (S + F2), and in the tillering and stem elongation phase (S + F1 + F2), which resulted in the values of 0.615 and 0.719 mg·kg−1 Se in grain, respectively. On this basis, it was concluded that the best time to carry out foliar fertilisation treatment is in the stem elongation phase (BBCH 30–39). The results show that the greatest increase in selenium content in the grain is achieved with soil and foliar fertilisation combined.

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Agrotechnical Biofortification as a Method to Increase Selenium Content in Spring Wheat

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030541 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 541

Author(s):

Aleksandra Radawiec ◽

Wiesław Szulc ◽

Beata Rutkowska

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Stem Elongation ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Sodium Selenate ◽

Selenium Content ◽

Human Diet ◽

Soil Fertilization ◽

Soil Application

Selenium (Se) is a micronutrient that is insufficiently present in the human diet. Increasing its content in food through appropriately matched agricultural practices may contribute to reducing Se deficit in humans. The study covered the effect of grain, soil, as well as grain and soil fertilization with selenium combined with foliar application at different stages of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) development. The fertilization involved the application of sodium selenate. Fertilization with selenium had no significant effect on the grain yield. Grain application, soil application, and grain and soil application combined with foliar application at particular development stages of the plant significantly contributed to an increase in selenium content in grain. The study showed that the accumulation of selenium in spring wheat depends on the type of fertilization and term of its application. The best method of introducing selenium into the plant is grain and soil fertilization combined with foliar application at the stage of tillering and stem elongation (G + S+F1-2) for which the highest selenium content was obtained (0.696 mg·kg−1 Se). The applied biofortification methods contributed to the increase in selenium in the grain of spring wheat.

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Increasing of selenium content and qualitative parameters in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) after its foliar application

Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.5219/1097 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 351-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alena Andrejiová ◽

Alžbeta Hegedűsová ◽

Samuel Adamec ◽

Ondrej Hegedűs ◽

Ivana Mezeyová

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Sodium Selenate ◽

Selenium Content ◽

Total Carotenoids ◽

Total Polyphenol ◽

Tomato Fruits ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Positive Effect

The effect of genotype and selenium foliar biofortification in the form of an aqueous solution of sodium selenate on the content of total carotenoids, vitamin C, total polyphenols and selenium content in the tomato fruits was studied. Field experiment was held in the Botanical garden of the Slovak University of Agriculture in 2016. Seven determinant varieties of tomato in the two variants were observed. The results of experiments show that treatment of plants with the dose of Se concentration (150 g Se.ha-1) at the flowering stage significantly increased the total Se content in the in tomato fruits. Foliar application of selenium had a positive effect on the increase of total polyphenol. The influence of Se biofortification on the content of vitamin C and carotenoids was not detected. Selenium foliar fertilization in dosage 150 g.ha-1 is suitable way of tomato fruits enriching in polyphenols, without negative effect on other antioxidants content.

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The influence of selenium soil application on its content in spring wheat

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/318-pse ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 80-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Ducsay ◽

O. Ložek ◽

L. Varga L

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Sodium Selenite ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Selenium Content ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Soil Application ◽

Selenium Accumulation ◽

Npk Fertilization

The influence of application of increasing doses of selenium (0.05 mg, 0.10 mg and 0.20 mg/kg) into soil in pot experiments, with NPK fertilization of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., variety Banti), on the biomass yield (grain, straw, roots) and on selenium accumulation was observed. Selenium in the form of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3•5H2O) and the NPK nutrients in the form of LAD-27, Ca(H2PO4)2 and KCl were applied. The average two-year results showed the expected indifferent effect of increasing doses of selenium on the yield of wheat grain, straw and roots. The differentiated doses of selenium into soil caused a significant increase of selenium content in dry matter (dm) of grain, straw and roots of wheat. The highest content of selenium (0.732 mg/kg in grain, 0.227 mg/kg in straw and 1.375 mg/kg in roots dm) was determined in the variant where 0.2 mg Se/kg of soil was applied. When applying the lowest dose of selenium (0.05 mg Se/kg of soil) the content of selenium was 0.155 mg Se/kg in grain. The selenium content in individual analysed parts of wheat was increasing in the following order: straw – grain – roots.

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Effect of Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum Bacteria and L-Alpha Proline Amino Acid on Iron Content in Soil and Triticum aestivum L. Plants in Sustainable Agriculture System

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 511

Author(s):

Anna Płaza ◽

Emilia Rzążewska ◽

Barbara Gąsiorowska

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Bacillus Megaterium ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Iron Content ◽

Wheat Plant ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Mineral Nitrogen ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽

Foliar Fertilisation

Research was conducted in Poland in 2017–2019 at Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce. It aimed at determining the effect of the bacteria Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum, the amino acid L-alpha proline, and the mineral nitrogen fertiliser regime on iron content in soil during the period of rapid growth of spring wheat plants, as well as in spring wheat grain and straw. The following two factors were examined: (I) biological products: untreated control, Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum, L-alpha proline, Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum + L-alpha proline; (II) mineral nitrogen fertiliser regime: nonfertilised control, 60 kg Nּha−1, 90 kg Nּha−1, 90 kg Nּha−1 + foliar fertilisation. The study demonstrated that, during the period of rapid spring wheat plant growth, Fe content was the highest in the soil following an application of Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum + L-alpha proline + mineral nitrogen fertiliser applied at the rate of 90 kg Nּha−1. This combination resulted in the highest concentration and uptake of iron by spring wheat grain, whereas for straw, the same result was also achieved following mineral nitrogen fertiliser at a rate of 90 kg Nּha−1 + foliar fertilisation.

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The Impact of Selenium Fertilization on the Quality Characteristics of Spring Wheat Grain

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11112100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2100

Author(s):

Aleksandra Radawiec ◽

Beata Rutkowska ◽

Justina Anna Tidaback ◽

Dariusz Gozdowski ◽

Tomasz Knapowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Stem Elongation ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

The Body ◽

Total Protein Content ◽

Bread Making ◽

The Impact ◽

Selenium Fertilization

Selenium is a micronutrient that is important for the proper functioning of the body. The research presented in this paper investigated the impact of various methods of selenium fertilization at various stages of plant growth on its content in grain and the quality properties of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Selenium fertilization did not affect the grain yield; however, it increased the selenium content in the grain. The research results showed that the accumulation of Se depends not only on the dose of the fertilizer but also on the stage of plant growth when the element is introduced. The most effective method of fertilization proved to be seed treatment and soil application combined with the foliar application at the tillering and stem elongation stages (G + S + F1-2), as well as at the stem elongation stage alone (G + S + F2). In terms of quality characteristics, the impact of selenium fertilization was observed only in the case of the falling number and the total protein content; all the parameters allowed for the grain to be classified as suitable for bread-making. Selenium fertilization can be considered as a safe way of increasing the Se content in spring wheat, which may contribute to an increase in the technological quality of the grain and its nutritional value.

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Wheat grain Cd concentration and uptake as affected by timing of fertilizer N application

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss2012-041 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (2) ◽

pp. 219-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Xianglan Li ◽

Noura Ziadi ◽

Gilles Bélanger ◽

Wenping Yuan ◽

Shunlin Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Stem Elongation ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Acceptable Level ◽

Split Application ◽

Fertilizer N ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

N Application

Li, X., Ziadi, N., Bélanger, G., Yuan, W., Liang, S., Xu, H. and Cai, Z. 2013. Wheat grain Cd concentration and uptake as affected by timing of fertilizer N application. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 219–222. The effect of a single N application (120 kg ha−1) at seeding on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain Cd concentration and uptake was compared with an equally split N application (seeding and the stem elongation stage) in a field experiment at 12 site-years. Averaged across all site-years, the single N application tended to reduce wheat grain Cd concentration (58 vs. 68 µg kg−1DM) and uptake (151 vs. 191 mg ha−1) compared with the split application. The Cd concentrations, however, never exceeded the maximum acceptable level for Cd in wheat grain. A single N application at seeding might reduce the risk of high grain Cd concentration in spring wheat.

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Effect of different doses and application methods of sodium selenate on selenium status in maize for silage

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.69057 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Emir Dzomba ◽

Mirha Djikic ◽

Drena Gadzo ◽

Senada Cengic-Dzomba ◽

Zdenko Loncaric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foliar Application ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Sodium Selenate ◽

Selenium Content ◽

Application Rates ◽

Superior Effect ◽

Maize Plants ◽

Application Methods ◽

Second Year ◽

Fertiliser Application

A two-year field study was conducted to determine the effect of different Se fertiliser application methods and application rates on the selenium content in maize plants. Selenium as sodium selenate was added into soil (10 g and 20 g Se ha-1) or sprayed on maize plants (20 g Se ha-1). Maize plants from control treatment contained 0.018 and 0.020 mg Se kg DM-1 in the first and the second year of the study. Foliar application exhibited superior effect by increasing selenium content in the plants up to 0.343 mg kg DM-1 in the first year, and 0.249 mg kg DM-1 in the second. Soil selenium application was less effective; selenium content in maize plants varied from 0.018 to 0.019 mg kg DM-1 in the first and from 0.018 to 0.145 mg kg DM-1 in the second year, respectively. Strong linear correlation (r=0.71) was found between selenium content in the plants and in grains. Selenium recovery rates were significantly higher in case of foliar treatment compared to soil application.

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EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF SELENIUM ON ITS UPTAKE AND YIELDS IN BASILS

AGROFOR ◽

10.7251/agreng1903111m ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ivana MEZEYOVÁ ◽

Alžbeta HEGEDŰSOVÁ ◽

Ondrej HEGEDŰS ◽

Ján FARKAŠ ◽

Miroslav ŠLOSÁR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foliar Application ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Essential Element ◽

Normal Growth ◽

Small Scale ◽

Sodium Selenate ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Selenium Content ◽

Ocimum Tenuiflorum ◽

Dark Green

Basil is one of the most used spices in Slovakia. Selenium is an essential element for normal growth and development of the organism and because Slovak soils are poor in this element, the various ways of this antioxidant increasing in the food chain has being sought. The aim of the work was to evaluate influence of selenium biofortification on selenium content of Ocimum basilicum - variety ´Dark Green´, which was, in conditions of the Slovakia, well known and wide spread grown, as well as on the opal basils (´Purple Ruffles´ and ´Red Rubin´) and on Ocimum tenuiflorum – Tulsi. The influence of fortification on the yields of basils was also tested. The selenium content and the yields of selected basils were compared in dependence on the selenium fertilization, two terms of harvest and morphological variability. Small-scale field experiment was carried out at the Department of Vegetable Production, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 2016. Selenium was applied foliar at a dose 50 g Se / ha in the form of sodium selenate. In two harvests the values of selenium built in plants and the economically interesting quantitative data – the yields per ha were evaluated. Statistical methods were used for statistical evaluation by the help of Statgraphics Centurion XVII (StatPoint Inc. USA), with multifactor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD test. Foliar application of selenium had a positive effect of selenium content in case of all tested basils. The yields were also positively affected where values of fresh mass in selenised variants ranged from 1.43 (´Purple Ruffles´) to 13.71 t/ha (Tulsi).

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