scholarly journals Potassium impact on nitrogen use efficiency in potato – a case study from the Central-East Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 422-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRZEBISZ Witold ◽  
ČERMÁK Pavel ◽  
RROCO Evan ◽  
SZCZEPANIAK Witold ◽  
POTARZYCKI Jarosław ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Application Management ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Potassium Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

Potato yield is affected by an interaction between nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) supply. This hypothesis was verified in a series of field experiments conducted during 2010–2013 in Albania (AL), Czech Republic (CZ) and Poland (PL). The two-factorial experiment was founded on relative scales of K (0, 50, 100, and 150%), and N application rates (75% and 100%) of the recommended doses, which were country-specific. The average tuber yield was doubled for AL, increased by 50% for PL, and by 15% for the CZ in response to K and N interaction. These differences are caused by an increase in the apparent nitrogen efficiency (ANE), which rose significantly by the progressive Krates. Maximum average ANE of 90 kg tubers/kg N was recorded in AL; it was 2-fold lower in CZ. Top average apparent potassium efficiency (AKE) of 65 kg tubers/kg K was recorded in PL; it was 4-times lower in CZ. The relationships between AKE and ANE clearly demonstrate the tight interaction between the N and K, and its effects on potato yield. However, a sound K application management should be adjusted to the local edaphic and climatic conditions.

Nitrogen performance indicators for dairy production systems

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile A. M. de Klein ◽  
Ross M. Monaghan ◽  
Marta Alfaro ◽  
Cameron J. P. Gourley ◽  
Oene Oenema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
N Use

Nitrogen (N) is invaluable for maintaining agricultural production, but its use, and particularly inefficient use, can lead to environmental losses. This paper reviews N use efficiency (NUE) and N surplus indicators for dairy production systems to assess their utility for optimising N use outcomes and minimising environmental N losses. Using case-study examples, we also assess realistic goals for these indicators and discuss key issues associated with their use. Published whole-farm NUE and whole-farm N surplus values ranged within 10–65% and 40–700 kg N ha–1 year–1 respectively. In a study of five catchments across New Zealand, whole-farm NUE was more strongly affected by catchment differences in soil and climatic conditions than by differences in management. In contrast, whole-farm N surplus differed both between- and within-catchments and was a good indicator of N losses to water. Realistic goals for both NUE and N surplus thus depend on the agro-climatic context of the dairy system and on its economic and environmental goals. Crop and animal NUE values can be valuable indicators for optimising fertiliser and feed use and minimising N losses. However, global or national whole-farm NUE values appear of limited value if the ultimate goal for setting targets is to reduce the environmental impact of N use; whole-farm level targets based on N surplus would be a more useful indicator for this purpose. Our review also reinforces the importance of standardising the variables that should be used to estimate NUE and N surplus values, to ensure equitable comparisons between different systems. Finally, NUE and N surplus targets should also be set in the context of other agro-environmental considerations.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Different Manures in the Cultivation of Aubergine and Green Pepper – A Case study of the Maltese Islands

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Kimberly Terribile ◽  
Malcolm Borg ◽  
Daniel Grech ◽  
Liberato Camilleri ◽  
Ruben Sakrabani
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rabbit Manure

The Maltese agricultural sector faces many challenges including lack of organic matter in its soils. The use of organic fertilizers such as cattle or rabbit manure partly addresses this problem. Different doses of manure of rabbit and cattle manure at specific irrigation regimes were used to assess the growth of crops and production of fruit on aubergine and green pepper plants. The overall mean number of green peppers recorded was significantly different than the mean number of aubergine for all four doses of manure applied, using both rabbit and cattle manure, up to an optimum mean number of fruit produced, the optimum being reached at dose 3 for green peppers and dose 4 for aubergines. Additionally, the mean number of fruit was significantly higher when grown in rabbit than in cattle manure. The mean weight of fruit recorded varied significantly between green peppers and aubergines at the highest dose of rabbit manure. When Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) was investigated, the highest nutrient efficiencies were achieved at the higher fertilizer application rates of rabbit manure while for aubergines, the weight increase was not as significant and it may therefore be possible to compromise yield for a better efficiency.

scholarly journals Efficacy of harvest-aid defoliants on yield of seed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-488
Author(s):  
Kulvir Singh ◽  
Pankaj Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Harvest Aid ◽  
Vegetative And Reproductive Growth ◽  
Benefit Cost

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of different harvest-aid defoliants, their application rates and time of application [140 and 150 days after sowing (DAS)] on yield of seed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). MRC7361BGII (3171.8 kg/ha) and MRC7017BGII (3083.3 kg/ha) produced significantly higher yield as compared to F1861 (2454.9 kg/ha). Improved water and fertilizer use efficiency coupled with better Benefit: Cost (B : C) ratio for Dropp ultra 200 ml/ha at 150 DAS clearly indicated its superiority over other treatments. Dropp ultra showed potential to improve yield besides promoting crop earliness while keeping vegetative and reproductive growth in harmony.

scholarly journals The productive traits of different potato genotypes in mountainous region of Montenegro

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Jovovic ◽  
Zeljko Dolijanovic ◽  
Dusan Kovacevic ◽  
Ana Velimirovic ◽  
Milan Biberdzic
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Mountainous Region ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Set Up

The results of three-year study of productivity for the five leading potato varieties in Montenegro: Riviera and Tresor (early), Kennebec (medium-early), Aladin and Agria (medium-late) are presented. The research was conducted during 2009, 2010 and 2011, on three highly diverse, related to the pedological and climatic conditions, locations in mountainous region of Montenegro: Niksic (800 m.a.s.l.), Kolasin (900 m.a.s.l.) and Zabljak (1450 m.a.s.l.). Field experiments were set up using standard methodology in random block design in four repetitions. The analysis of variance suggested that there were highly significant differences among genotypes (G), investigated years (Y) and locations (L) for potato yield. Apart from individual influence of the factors, their interactions (G x Y, G x L, Y x L, G x Y x L) were also highly significant for investigated trait. In average the highest yield (28.9 t/ha) was established at Kolasin locality. The highest yield of all investigated varieties and localities was measured at variety Agria (30.0tha-1), while the lowest at Riviera (24.6 t ha-1). In this investigation Agria variety was favourable for yield of potato tuber.

scholarly journals SIMULATING THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTION AND WATER / NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY IN IRAQ: CASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 999-1007
Author(s):  
Masood & Shahadha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Use Efficiency

The objective of this study was to investigate the capability of modifying the irrigation and nitrogen application rates as an adaptation to climate change, especially, increasing air temperature, using the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2). Field experiments were conducted in the winter wheat season of 2015-2016 and 2019-2020 at the Rasheed County, south of Baghdad, Iraq. The effect of increasing air temperature on the water use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, and grain yield of wheat was assessed under different irrigation deficits and nitrogen application rates. Three levels of water depletion: 30, 50, and 70 of available water and four N application rates (0, 140, 200, and 260 kg N ha−1) were applied for winter wheat. Two temperature scenarios in the RZWQM2 were created for the study purpose. The first scenario was to add 2Co to the normal temperature, and the second scenario was to add 4Co to the normal temperature. Results showed that high irrigation levels presented better results than the low levels under projected temperature scenarios. However, all applied nitrogen rates presented similar results under projected temperature (2Co and 4Co scenarios). Therefore, modifying irrigation requirements is a workable adaption strategy to the increased temperature.

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

AMOUNT AND STRUCTURE OF THE BIOLOGICAL FERTILITY OF SOYA, DEPENDING ON THE SYSTEM OF MAIN TILLAGE OF SOIL AND MEASURES TO OPTIMIZE NUTRITION MODE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Novokhatskyi ◽  
◽  
V. Targonya ◽  
T. Babinets ◽  
O. Gorodetskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
The Impact

Aim. Assessment of the impact of the most common systems of basic tillage and biological methods of optimization of nutrition regimes on the realization of the potential of grain productivity of soybean in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. The research used general scientific (hypothesis, experiment, observation) and special (field experiment, morphological analysis) methods Results. The analysis of the results of field experiments shows that the conservation system of soil cultivation, which provided the formation of 27.6 c/ha of grain, is preferable by the level of biological yield of soybean. The use of other systems caused a decrease in the biological yield level: up to 26.4 c/ha for the use of the traditional system, up to 25.3 c/ha for the use of mulching and up to 23.0 c/ha for the use of the mini-till. With the use of Groundfix, the average biological yield of soybean grain increases to 25.6 c / ha for application rates of 5 l/ha, and to 28.2 c/ha for application rates of 10 l/ha when control variants (without the use of the specified preparation) an average of 22.6 c/ha of grain was formed with fluctuations in soil tillage systems from 21.0 (mini-bodies) to 25.8 c/ha (traditional).The application of Groundfix (10 l/ha) reduced the seed abortion rate from 11.0% (average without biofertilizer variants) to 8.0%, forming the optimal number of stem nodes with beans, increasing the attachment height of the lower beans and improving other indicators of biological productivity soybeans. Conclusions. It has been found that the use of the canning tillage system generates an average of 27.6 cent soybean grains, which is the highest indicator among the main tillage systems within the scheme of our research. The use of Groundfix caused a change in this indicator: if the variants with a conservative system of basic tillage without the use of biological preparation (control) were formed on average 24.1 c/ha, the use of Ground Licks caused the increase of biological productivity up to 29.4 c/ha, and at a dose of 10 l/ha biological yield was 32.2 c/ha. It was found that both the use of Groundfix and the basic tillage system influenced the elements of the yield structure: the density of the plants at the time of harvest depended more on the tillage system than on the use of Groundfix; the use of Groundfix and increasing its dose within the scheme of our studies positively reflected on the density of standing plants; the height of attachment of the lower beans and reduced the abortion of the seeds.

ROLE OF CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE IN IMPROVING PRODUCTION WATER AND NITROGEN EFFICIENCY OF WHEAT UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1139-1148
Author(s):  
Othman & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

The research work was conducted in Izra’a Research station, which affiliated to the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), during the growing seasons (2016 – 2017; 2017 – 2018), in order to evaluate the response of two durum wheat verities (Douma3 and Cham5) and two bread wheat varieties (Douma4 and Cham6) to Conservation Agriculture (CA) as a full package compared with Conventional Tillage system (CT) under rainfed condition using lentils (Variety Edleb3) in the applied crop rotation. The experiment was laid according to split-split RCBD with three replications. The average of biological yield, grain yield,  rainwater use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency was significantly higher during the first growing season, under conservation agriculture in the presence of crop rotation, in the variety Douma3 (7466 kg. ha-1, and 4162kg. ha-1, 19.006 kg ha-1 mm-1,  39.62 kg N m-2respectively). The two varieties Douma3 and Cham6 are considered more responsive to conservation agriculture system in the southern region of Syria, because they recorded the highest grain yields (2561, 2385 kg ha-1 respectively) compared with the other studied varieties (Cham5 and Douma4) (1951 and 1724 kg ha-1 respectively). They also exhibited the highest values of both rainwater and nitrogen use efficiency.

Water use efficiency in an arid watershed: a case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orphanopoulos Damaris ◽  
Verbist Koen ◽  
Chavez Alvaro ◽  
Soto Guido
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency
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