scholarly journals Lactic acid bacteria, probiotics and immune system

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Herich ◽  
M. Levkut
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
The Body ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Micro Organisms

Mucous membranes of the body are in direct contact with the outside environment and they are colonised by a large number of different bacteria. Through mucous membranes, the organism is in permanent con-tact with different antigens. Mucous surfaces are protected by many defence mechanisms that ensure a permanent and effective protection. They include the production of secretory IgA, the production of mucus, cytoprotective peptides, defensins etc. Indigenous microflora markedly affects the structure of the host mucous, its function, and the development of the whole immune system. Protective microflora prevents pathogens from adhering by competi-tion for substrates and places of adhesion, and they simultaneously produce antibacterial substances and stimulate the production of specific antibodies and mucus. The early colonisation of the gut with living micro-organisms is important for the development of the gut protection barrier. The number of immune and epithelial cells increases. Probiotic micro-organisms including lactic acid bacteria (LAB) positively influence the composition of the gut microflora; they stimulate the production of secretory IgA; they affect the targeted transportation of the luminal antigens to Peyer’s patches and they increase the production of IFN-g. LAB stimulate the activity of non-specific and specific immune cells. These properties of the LAB depend on the particular species or strain of bacteria. These singularities are probably determined by differences in the cell wall composition. LAB belong to a group of benefi-cially acting bacteria and they are able to eliminate damage to the gut microenvironment; they stimulate local and systemic immune responses and they maintain the integrity of the gut wall.

Effect of dietary supplementation with powder derived from Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica leaves on growth and microbial load of edible crickets

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
J. Ng’ang’a ◽  
S. Imathiu ◽  
F. Fombong ◽  
J. Vanden Broeck ◽  
J. Kinyuru
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
Bacterial Endospores

Cricket farming has shown its potential to address food and nutrition insecurity in parts of the world. However, one of the remaining challenges limiting mass production of edible insects is the affordability of feeds. One possible way to address this issue would be to explore the use of traditional plants such as Moringa oleifera leaf (MOL) and Azadirachta indica leaf (AIL) that are locally available, are protein-rich and possesses some antibacterial properties in insect feed formulation. In this regard, a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementation of MOL (5 or 10%) and AIL (5 or 10%) powder in the commercially used starter chicken feed on growth and microbial load of house cricket (Acheta domesticus) and field cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus). After feeding for four weeks, the supplemented feeds with 10% MOL or 10% AIL in A. domesticus and G. bimaculatus significantly decreased (P<0.05) the body weights. Also, supplementation with MOL (5 or 10%) and AIL (5 or 10%) increased the mortality in both cricket species. Although high counts of total aerobic, Enterobacteriaceae, lactic acid bacteria, bacterial endospores, yeasts and moulds were observed, significantly lower counts (P<0.05) of lactic acid bacteria and bacterial endospores were observed in treatments containing MOL (5 or 10%) and 10% AIL in both cricket species. After processing (toasting and boiling), significant reductions (P<0.001) of all vegetative microbial cells were observed but bacterial endospores were not completely eliminated. Thus, during production and processing of insects and insect-derived products, bacterial endospores would require special attention. Salmonella and Escherichia coli were not detected in processed crickets’ samples. In conclusion, supplementation with 5% MOL or 5% AIL can produce crickets with similar body weight as control feed. Mortality increased significantly when feeds were supplemented with either MOL or AIL powder. Supplementation with MOL and AIL powders significantly reduced the cell numbers for some bacterial groups in both cricket species.

Molecular identification of gut lactic acid bacteria in pigs by macro-arraying techniques

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 94-94
Author(s):  
N. Thanantong ◽  
W. Wattanakul ◽  
K. Hillman ◽  
S. Edwards ◽  
O. Sparagano
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Cytoplasmic Proteins ◽  
Protein Fingerprinting ◽  
Micro Organisms

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) consist of many genera, which contain numerous bacterial species. The LAB are Gram-positive, non-spore forming micro-organisms and typically give negative results to the catalase test (Stiles and Holzapfel, 1997). The current classification of LAB combines both phenotypic properties and genotypic examination. Phenotypic studies use the cell wall compositions (mainly for Bifidobacteria), protein fingerprinting which analyse the total soluble cytoplasmic proteins, and the patterns of certain isoenzymes. The gold-standard molecular method to identify LAB is DNA-DNA homology analysis, and molecular methods using specific genetic material patterns of LAB are increasingly being applied as an identification tool. The objective of this study was to develop potential specific oligonucleotide probes for the macro-array identification of LAB.

scholarly journals Avian reovirus sigma C enhances the mucosal and systemic immune responses elicited by antigen-conjugated lactic acid bacteria

Vaccine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (33) ◽  
pp. 5019-5029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Hsun Lin ◽  
Ai-Ping Hsu ◽  
Jui-Hung Shien ◽  
Tien-Jye Chang ◽  
Jiunn-Wang Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Avian Reovirus

scholarly journals Interaction of lactic acid bacteria with the gut immune system

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (S4) ◽  
pp. S21-S26 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Perdigón ◽  
C Maldonado Galdeano ◽  
JC Valdez ◽  
M Medici
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Gut Immune System

scholarly journals The probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from naniura (a traditional Batak food)

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Mato Hang
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
The Body ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Probiotic Potential ◽  
Positive Effect

Naniura is a traditional Batak food that is made without going through a heating process, but is made through a fermentation process using acid and salt. The use of acid and salt acts as a preservative because it can inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes and spoilage microbes. In addition, naniura fermentation has the potential to be a growth medium for lactic acid bacteria, most of which strains can act as probiotics. However, the potential for probiotic naniura is still rarely studied and studied, so this review article is made to examine the potential for probiotic naniura and the health effects that can be obtained. The writing of this journal uses the literature study method, namely by collecting information from various scientific sources. Several studies have shown that naniura contains lactic acid bacteria that can act as broad-spectrum antimicrobials and can specifically inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium botulinum, E. coli and S. aureus. Consuming probiotic foods can have a positive effect on health, including improving the quality of the digestive tract, increasing the immune system in the body and degrading lactose so that it can be used for lactose intolerant sufferers.

scholarly journals VIABILITAS BAKTERI PROBIOTIK IN-VITRO DAN PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AIR OKSIGEN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI PROBIOTIK SECARA IN-VIVO

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Enok Sobariah ◽  
Ali Khomsan ◽  
Ingrid S. Surono
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxygenated Water

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 12.45pt 6pt 17.85pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">The aim of this study were  to identify the in-vitro tolerance of pro-biotic bacteria to acid and bile salt condition; and  to prove a hypothesis that the supplementation of oxygenated water has a positive effect on the body weight of rat and on viability of pro-biotic bacteria.  The first study was carried out at PAU Laboratory of Bogor Agricultural University, while the second study was conducted at Department of Community Nutrition of Bogor Agricultural University and Microbiology Laboratory of Indonesia Institute of Technology. Forty five rats aged 6 weeks were divided into three groups, i.e., control group without probiotic (a0), Lactobacillus casei Shirota (a1), and Lactobacillus IS-7257 (a2).  Each group (consisting of 5 rats each) has three different treatments, namely, control without oxygenated water (b0), 50 ppm oxygenated water (b2), and 80 ppm oxygenated water (b2). Oxygenated water was administered to the rats twice a day in the morning (3.25 ml) and afternoon (3.00 ml). Observation was carried out on the body  weight of the rats, fecal lactic acid bacteria, coliform, and anaerob bacteria by plate counting, for 4 periods, i.e, prior to the treatment (C0), after three-day treatment (C1), after seven-day treatment (C2), and on the 10<sup>th</sup> day treatment or three days after washed out period. The results indicated that probiotic bacteria are resistant to acid and bile acid condition. Oxygen concentration in water has a significant positive influence on the body weight of rats towards viability of probiotic bacteria (p-level &lt; 0.05).  The supplementation of  oxygenated water 50 ppm significantly increase the population of viable fecal lactic acid bacteria in L. casei Shirota and Lactobacillus IS-7257 groups after 3 and 7 days of treatment.  Lactobacillus IS-7257 gave better response than L. casei Shirota. The supplementation of oxygenated water 80 ppm significantly reduces the fecal coliform in-vivo in both L. casei Shirota and Lactobacillus IS-7257 groups (p-level &lt; 0.05).</span></p>

scholarly journals The ecological cleanliness of milk and products of its processing when using the sorption-probiotic supplement in the diet of cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00006
Author(s):  
Vasily E. Ulitko ◽  
Svetlana P. Lifanova ◽  
Lidia A. Pykhtina ◽  
Oksana E. Erisanova
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
The Body ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Natural Mineral ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

In the study, in the conditions of the dairy complex of the agricultural Firm Tetyushskoe in the Ulyanovsk region, five groups of cows (26 heads per group) were fed according to detailed standards. Cows of groups II, III, IV and V were fed a new sorption-probiotic Supplement (SPD) Biopinnular at a dose of 0.25; 0.50; 0.75 and 1.00 % of dry matter. SPD was made from the natural mineral diatomite (sorbent) and probiotic microbiota (Bacillus subtilius). Such a formulation reduces impact on the body of endo- and exotoxins, in the digestive tract inhibits the development of pathogenic and stimulates the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, enhances the digestibility and assimilation of nutrients, for exceeds efficiency and productivity of cows, improve the sustainability of milk and its products. On 100 EKE fed, 7.88, 12.54, 3.73 and 3.48 % more milk was obtained from cows of the experimental groups than from control cows (63.86 kg). The highest efficiency of the diet was observed in group III. The SPD corrects the environmental friendliness of milk and its processing products. The concentration of Pb and Cd in them did not exceed the MPC and was dependent on the dose of the fed Supplement. The least effective dose for reducing ecotoxicants in products was 0.25 %. Therefore, to increase the efficiency of the diet and reduce ecotoxicants content in dairy products, it is advisable to use SPD in diets at a dose of 0.50 % of dry matter.

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