scholarly journals The Mercosur in the midst of the crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayana Aparecida Marques de Oliveira Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
South American ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
Health Dimension ◽  
Territorial Management ◽  
The Face

Since 2016, the four States Parties to the Southern Common Market (Mercosur) - Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay - are experiencing internal political and economic crises that cannot be understood without observing the South American regional context. With the pandemic of the new coronavirus, the crisis also took on a health dimension, whose repercussions in 2021 made the celebration of the bloc's thirty years a moment of reflection on the effectiveness of the integration process, due to the absence of territorial management that addresses the Mercosur needs. The purpose of this text is to discuss the measures adopted in the context of Mercosur in the face of the current pandemic, economic and political crisis. The methodology used for the elaboration of the text included a bibliographic review on the regional integration process in Mercosur and the analysis of news about the situation and the measures adopted to contain the effects of the crisis in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.

The Authority of the Andean Tribunal of Justice in a Time of Regional Political Crisis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Alter ◽  
Laurence R. Helfer
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
Regional Projects ◽  
Andean Community

This chapter considers the geopolitical factors now threatening the Andean Community and explains how the Andean Tribunal of Justice (ATJ) has responded to this crisis. It also explains why the ATJ's intellectual property (IP) island continues to thrive even as threats to the larger integration project loom larger. It then returns to the Ecuador noncompliance dispute, introduced in Chapter 6, and considers how developments in the Andean integration process may affect the influence and power of the ATJ going forward. Divisions in the Andean Community, together with the pull of competing regional projects such as Mercosur and UNASUR — a merger of the Andean Community and Mercosur — have impeded the longstanding goal of creating an Andean common market and led to significantly reduced government support for the Andean integration project as a whole. This chapter thus attempts to understand what happened to the ATJ's authority during this crisis.

scholarly journals Regional integration and Brazilian Foreign Policy: Strategies in the South American space

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (48) ◽  
pp. 51-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Soreanu Pecequilo ◽  
Corival Alves do Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
South American ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Foreign Policy Strategies

The aim of the article is to present, based on theoretical studies of integration, the evolution of this process in Latin America and, most recently, in South America. Based on these studies, the goal is to analyze the role played by Brazil in the process, which defines as priorities of its foreign policy a regional and global framework for its international action that is based on both cooperation and power projection.The research has been conducted based on theories of integration, an historical background on Latin American integration and in Brazilian foreign policy, through its contemporary agenda. The answer was based on a comparative agenda and in a bibliographical critical analysis of the research material.The main findings of the paper point out that Latin American integration has specific features linked to the economic, political and stragetic realities of the continent that show the limitations of some theories applied to the European process, also that it depends on Brazilian foreign policy actions, that still sees the region as instrumental to its interests. So, Brazil sometimes fail to fulfill some requisites of integration that are essential to sustain its projects. Therefore, there is a cycle of enlargement and deepening of regional integration process in this political space that point out to the need of a more sustained compromise of Brazilian foreign policy towards these projects. If Brazil continues not to sustain these projects, they will lose momentum and significance once more, increasing power asymmetries in the region.

scholarly journals A Cooperação Subnacional no Mercosul: os casos das Mercocidades e do FCCR / The Subnational Cooperation in Mercosur: the cases of Mercocities and CCRM

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-169
Author(s):  
Cairo Gabriel Borges Junqueira
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
International Order ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Institutional Level ◽  
Nation States

Com as novas configurações do ordenamento internacional nos últimos anos, os Estados nacionais passaram a dividir espaço com outros atores, dentre eles os blocos regionais e os atores subnacionais. No Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul), a Rede Mercocidades e o Foro Consultivo de Municípios, Estados Federados, Províncias e Departamentos (FCCR) configuram-se como as duas principais instâncias que levam as demandas locais para o âmbito regional. No presente artigo, objetiva-se analisar ambos os órgãos com vistas a discriminar suas formas de institucionalização e vínculos com o processo de integração, interpretar a formulação de suas agendas temáticas e caracterizar suas principais iniciativas. Parte-se da hipótese de que ainda há uma baixa, porém crescente, participação subnacional no nível institucional do Mercosul. Ademais, com os resultados obtidos, a conclusão atesta a importância das Mercocidades e do FCCR tanto para a articulação subnacional no bloco quanto para o próprio fortalecimento da integração regional para muito além dos anseios econômicos.   Abstract: With the new configurations of the international order in recent years, the nation states began to share space with other actors, among them the regional blocs and subnational actors. In the Southern Common Market (Mercosur), the Mercocities and the Committee of Municipalities, States, Provinces and Departments (CCRM) constitute the two main instances that bring local demands for the regional level. This article aims to analyze both institutions with the intention to distinguish their forms of institutionalization and links with the integration process, investigate the formulation of their thematic agendas and characterize their main initiatives. It is assumed that there is still a low, but increasing, subnational participation in Mercosur's institutional level. Furthermore, with the results obtained, the conclusion underlines the importance of Mercocities and CCRM for the subnational articulation in the block and the strengthening of regional integration beyond economic anxieties.

The Venezuelan Crisis and Brazil’s South American Policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Herejk Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
South America ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
South American ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
Initial Support

The political crisis in Venezuela is one of the most important regional developments for Brazil in 2016, aside from its own domestic crisis and the election of Macri in Argentina. The interim government has showed willingness to undertake major changes in Brazil’s regional foreign policy. The Venezuelan crisis is a parameter to analyze the political realignments after years of stability, but slower than intended progress in South American regional integration. The initial support for venezuelan opposition against the Chavist government symbolizes a swerve towards uncertainty in Mercosur and happens in the context of pressure to sign extra-regional economic agreements. Currently, interim Brazilian leadership is playing the “democracy card”, although the disrespect for democracy is not an exclusive feature of Venezuela in South America, but a recurring phenomenon in the region. Instead of blaming any side for the crisis, Brazil should use Unasur mechanisms to extinguish the fire and work for a middle path in the troubled transition of power in Venezuela. Thus, Brazil could revitalize Mercosur and persuade the South American leaders on the benefits of regionalism over unrestrained globalization. Otherwise, the Brazilian government may lose their bargaining position as a regional leader and interlocutor with the outside world; and South America may have a disordered process of globalization.

scholarly journals The Role of UNASUR in the South American Democratic Crises (2008-2015)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias David Morales Martinez ◽  
Mariana Preta Oliveira de Lyra
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Consensus Building ◽  
South American ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
The South ◽  
Political Dialogue ◽  
Central Hypothesis

The paper aims to analyze the performance of UNASUR in its first initial phase of activities in cases of democratic crises that happened in South America, during the period 2008-2015. Thus, it examines the cases of Bolivia (2008), Ecuador (2010), Paraguay (2012) and Venezuela (2014-2015). The central hypothesis of this study is that the defense of democracy and its institutions has been incorporated as one of the fundamental elements of the organization. Therefore, UNASUR is guided by political dialogue and consensus building for the maintenance of the democratic order in the South American countries and, consequently, a deepening of the regional integration process. It is argued that UNASUR includes democracy as one of its core values and acts to defend it in unstable situation. Therefore, the strengthening of the organization depends, among other factors, on its ability to resolve conflicts and promote democracy in the continent.

scholarly journals Os movimentos populares e o sindicalismo brasileiros face aos processos de integração regional na América do Sul | Popular movements and trade unions due to South American regional integration processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Berringer De Assumpção
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
September 11 ◽  
The Other ◽  
South American ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Popular Movements ◽  
Popular Classes ◽  
The One

Este artigo analisa a ação dos movimentos populares e do sindicalismo brasileiros face aos processos de integração regional durante os governos PT (2003-2016). Buscamos entender como atuaram o sindicalismo e os movimentos populares que participaram da Campanha contra a Área de livre Comércio das Américas (ALCA) nos dez anos seguintes ao arquivamento da proposta. Acreditamos que apesar de uma diferença estratégica não existe uma contradição no seio das classes populares uma vez que as iniciativas se complementam. Há formas e vias diferentes de construção dos processos de integração regional: de um lado, o sindicalismo aposta mais nos espaços institucionais do Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul) e da União das Nações Sul-americanas (Unasul), e de outro lado, os movimentos populares jogam mais força na articulação dos Movimentos Sociais da Aliança Bolivariana para a Nossa América (ALBA).ABSTRACTThis article does an analysis of popular movements and trade unions actions due to the regional integration process on PT´s governments (2003-2016). We have tried to understand how the organizations that have been participating in the fighting against FTAA have done during the next ten years after that death of that project. We sustain that despite a difference there is no strategic contradiction inside Brazilian popular classes, it is because the initiatives are complementary. There are different ways on the regional integration process: on the one side, the trade unions have a focus on institutional spaces inside Southern Comum Market (Mercosur) and South America Union Nations (Unasur), and on the other side, the popular movements play an important role on the Social Movements Articulation of Bolivarian Alliance of Americas (ALBA).Palavras-chave: integração regional; ALCA; Mercosul; sindicalismo; movimentos populares.Keywords: regional integration; FTAA; Mercosur; trade unions; popular movements.Recebido em 08 de Abril de 2018 | Received on April 08, 2018Aceito em 11 de Setembro de 2018 | Accepted on September 11, 2018DOI

Insulating Peace: Managerial Coordination in Durable Security Complexes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Travlos
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Collective Intentionality ◽  
South American ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
The South ◽  
Mapping Tool ◽  
Region I ◽  
The Face ◽  
Future Evaluation

Abstract I argue that insulation via managerial coordination is a key element in any explanation about the formation of political regions among states. The key role it plays is as a tool for the maintenance of intra-regional pacific relations in the face of diffusion and contagion processes, resulting from continued security linkages with excluded extra-regional states. In order to explore these dynamics, I propose a new reconceptualization of the concept of managerial coordination based on the basic framework concept mapping tool. This leads to clarity about what managerial coordination does as a dimension of insulation. It also necessitates a revamp of the scale of interstate managerial coordination as a measuring instrument of the intensity of collective intentionality toward insulation among the members of a region. I then map the region concept of durable security complex (DSC) as the scope for the enactment of managerial coordination, based on a review of existing region concepts in the new regionalist literature. I then conduct an ideographic proof-of-concept exercise on three DSCs in the presence or absence of managerial coordination. These are the Scandinavian states, the South Asian regional security complex, and the South American Norther Tier local hierarchy. The exercise provides indicators for a number of theoretical propositions worthy of future evaluation.

POLITICAL ASPECTS OF RESEARCHING THE PROBLEM OF REGIONAL INTEGRATION:

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
A. K. Kurmangali ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Eurasian Region

The article analyzes the theoretical and applied aspects of the issue of regional integration in political science. The authors made an attempt to analyze the nature and characteristics of the integration process in the Eurasian region. Various scientific points of view on the problem of integration are shown. The article compares the approaches to the study of regional integration presented in the article. In today's world. At the same time, the authors show possible prospects and further development of Eurasian integration in the context of the participation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

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