scholarly journals Evaluation of estrogen and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER) levels in drug-naïve patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilfer Sahin ◽  
Hatice Altun ◽  
Ergül Belge Kurutaş ◽  
Ebru Fındıklı
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Estrogen Receptor 1

Estrogen has a crucial role in the regulation of reproductive and neuroendocrine function and exerts its effects through two classes of receptors, nuclear and membrane estrogen receptors (mERs). G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER) is a member of mERs, and despite limited research on the levels of GPER in patients with psychiatric diseases, a role of GPER in such conditions has been suggested. Here we evaluated serum estrogen and GPER levels in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in relation to their age- and gender-matched healthy controls. A total of 82 children were included in the study, 47 drug- naïve patients with ADHD (age: 6–12 years; male/female: 34/13) and 35 healthy controls (age: 6–12 years; male/female: 19/16). The subgroups according to ADHD types were inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, and combined. Serum estrogen was measured using an immunoassay system, while serum GPER was determined using a commercial sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Estrogen levels in children with ADHD were similar as in control group, while GPER levels were significantly lower in ADHD group compared to controls (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between GPER levels and ADHD (p < 0.05), and no association between estrogen levels and ADHD (p > 0.05). No significant differences were found in GPER and estrogen levels between ADHD subgroups (p > 0.05). To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate estrogen and GPER levels in ADHD. Our preliminary findings suggest a relationship between serum GPER levels and ADHD, and this should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota signature in treatment-naïve attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Richarte ◽  
Cristina Sánchez-Mora ◽  
Montserrat Corrales ◽  
Christian Fadeuilhe ◽  
Laura Vilar-Ribó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

AbstractCompelling evidence supports alterations in gut microbial diversity, bacterial composition, and/or relative abundance of several bacterial taxa in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, findings for ADHD are inconsistent among studies, and specific gut microbiome signatures for the disorder remain unknown. Given that previous studies have mainly focused on the pediatric form of the disorder and involved small sample sizes, we conducted the largest study to date to compare the gastrointestinal microbiome composition in 100 medication-naïve adults with ADHD and 100 sex-matched healthy controls. We found evidence that ADHD subjects have differences in the relative abundance of several microbial taxa. At the family level, our data support a lower relative abundance of Gracilibacteraceae and higher levels of Selenomonadaceae and Veillonellaceae in adults with ADHD. In addition, the ADHD group showed higher levels of Dialister and Megamonas and lower abundance of Anaerotaenia and Gracilibacter at the genus level. All four selected genera explained 15% of the variance of ADHD, and this microbial signature achieved an overall sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 71% for distinguishing between ADHD patients and healthy controls. We also tested whether the selected genera correlate with age, body mass index (BMI), or scores of the ADHD rating scale but found no evidence of correlation between genera relative abundance and any of the selected traits. These results are in line with recent studies supporting gut microbiome alterations in neurodevelopment disorders, but further studies are needed to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota on the ADHD across the lifespan and its contribution to the persistence of the disorder from childhood to adulthood.

Attributions for School Success and Failure by Adolescent Students with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 616-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Niederhofer
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
School Success ◽  
Causal Attributions ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

A study of possible differences in causal attributions between ADHD youth and non-ADHD controls is reported. 40 students (12 to 18 years of age), diagnosed with ADHD by a psychologist and a psychiatrist according to Conners' criteria were compared with healthy controls. Analyses confirmed that external attributions regarding luck were significantly higher for the ADHD group than for the 40 healthy controls. Implications of these findings for intervention in ADHD are discussed.

Serum levels of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in drug-naive patients with generalized anxiety disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 312-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebru Fındıklı ◽  
Mehmet Akif Camkurt ◽  
Mehmet Fatih Karaaslan ◽  
Ergul Belge Kurutas ◽  
Hatice Altun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Estrogen Receptor 1

scholarly journals Atomoxetine and circadian gene expression in human dermal fibroblasts from study participants with a diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Faltraco ◽  
Denise Palm ◽  
Adriana Uzoni ◽  
Frederick Simon ◽  
Oliver Tucha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Circadian Gene ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Circadian Preference ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractAtomoxetine (ATO) is a second line medication for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We proposed that part of the therapeutic profile of ATO may be through circadian rhythm modulation. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the circadian gene expression in primary human-derived dermal fibroblast cultures (HDF) after ATO exposure. We analyzed circadian preference, behavioral circadian and sleep parameters as well as the circadian gene expression in a cohort of healthy controls and participants with a diagnosis of ADHD. Circadian preference was evaluated with German Morningness-Eveningness-Questionnaire (D-MEQ) and rhythms of sleep/wake behavior were assessed via actigraphy. After ex vivo exposure to different ATO concentrations in HDF cultures, the rhythmicity of circadian gene expression was analyzed via qRT-PCR. No statistical significant effect of both groups (healthy controls, ADHD group) for mid-sleep on weekend days, mid-sleep on weekdays, social jetlag, sleep WASO and total number of wake bouts was observed. D-MEQ scores indicated that healthy controls had no evening preference, whereas subjects with ADHD displayed both definitive and moderate evening preferences. ATO induced the rhythmicity of Clock in the ADHD group. This effect, however, was not observed in HDF cultures of healthy controls. Bmal1 and Per2 expression showed a significant ZT × group interaction via mixed ANOVA. Strong positive correlations for chronotype and circadian genes were observed for Bmal1, Cry1 and Per3 among the study participants. Statistical significant different Clock, Bmal1 and Per3 expressions were observed in HDFs exposed to ATO collected from ADHD participants exhibiting neutral and moderate evening preference, as well as healthy participants with morning preferences. The results of the present study illustrate that ATO impacts on circadian function, particularly on Clock, Bmal1 and Per2 gene expression.

scholarly journals G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 (GPER) as a Novel Target for Schizophrenia Drug Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle S Macêdo ◽  
Lia Lira Olivier Sanders ◽  
Raimunda das Candeias ◽  
Cyntia de Freitas Montenegro ◽  
David Freitas de Lucena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Estrogen Receptors ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
New Class ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Modulators ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Estrogen Receptor 1

Abstract The observation that a person’s sex influences the onset age of schizophrenia, the course of the disease, and antipsychotic treatment response suggests a possible role for estrogen receptors in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Indeed, treatment with adjunctive estrogen or selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are known to reduce schizophrenia symptoms. While estrogen receptors (ER)α and ERβ have been studied, a third and more recently discovered estrogen receptor, the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER), has been largely neglected. GPER is a membrane receptor that regulates non-genomic estrogen functions, such as the modulation of emotion and inflammatory response. This review discusses the possible role of GPER in brain impairments seen in schizophrenia and in its potential as a therapeutic target. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in the PubMed/MEDLINE database, using the following search terms: “Schizophrenia,” “Psychosis,” “GPER1 protein,” “Estrogen receptors,” “SERMS,” “GPER1 agonism, “Behavioral symptoms,” “Brain Inflammation.” Studies involving GPER in schizophrenia, whether preclinical or human studies, have been scarce, but the results are encouraging. Agonism of the GPER receptor could prove to be an essential mechanism of action for a new class of “anti-schizophrenia” drugs.

scholarly journals The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER-1) contributes to the proliferation and survival of mantle cell lymphoma cells

Haematologica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. e458-e461 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rudelius ◽  
H. Rauert-Wunderlich ◽  
E. Hartmann ◽  
E. Hoster ◽  
M. Dreyling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Mantle Cell Lymphoma ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoma Cells ◽  
Mantle Cell ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Estrogen Receptor 1
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