scholarly journals A 3D computer model of the CaO-MgO-Al2O3 T-x-y diagram at temperatures above 1300 °C

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-386
Author(s):  
Vera P. Vorob’eva ◽  
Anna E. Zelenaya ◽  
Vasily I. Lutsyk ◽  
Marina V. Lamueva
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Reaction Scheme ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Ternary Compounds ◽  
Base Points ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Model Section

The research analyses the controversies surrounding the technique for the formation of a CaO-Al2O3 binary system and the nature of melting of compounds in it, i.e. whether the 12:7 compound is technically possible and whether the 1:1 and 1:2 compounds are congruently or incongruently melting compounds. It also discusses whether in the CaO-MgO-Al2O3 ternary system the following compounds can be formed: a 3:1:1 compound alone or, in addition to it, two more compounds of 1:2:8 and 2:2:14. A 3D model of the T-x-y diagram was created for the most common version, with six binary and three ternary compounds. Its high-temperature portion (above 1300°C) consisted of 234 surfaces and 85 phase regions. Ternary compounds were formed as a result of three peritectic reactions. Besides them, six quasi-peritectic and three eutecticinvariant reactions occurred in the system with the participation of the melt. The principle of construction for a threedimensional model involved a gradual transition from a phase reaction scheme (which is transformed into a scheme of uni- and invariant states) presented in a tabulated and then in a graphical form (a template of ruled surfaces and isothermal planes corresponding to invariant reactions) to a T-x-y diagram prototype (graphic images of all liquidus, solidus, and solvus surfaces). The design was concluded with the transformation of the prototype into a 3D model of the real system after the input of the base points coordinates (concentrations and temperatures) and the adjustment of curvatures of lines andsurfaces. The finished model provides a wide range of possibilities for the visualisation of the phase diagram, including the construction of any arbitrarily assigned isothermal sections and isopleths. The 3D model was designed with the help of the author’s software PD Designer (Phase Diagram Designer). To assess the quality of the 3D model, two  versions of an isothermal section at 1840 °C were compared: model section and a fragment of an experimental section near Al2O3.

scholarly journals Universal behavior of the bosonic metallic ground state in a two-dimensional superconductor

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoyu Chen ◽  
Bai Yang Wang ◽  
Adrian G. Swartz ◽  
Hyeok Yoon ◽  
Yasuyuki Hikita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Quantum Phase Transitions ◽  
Metallic State ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Metallic Behavior ◽  
Universal Behavior ◽  
Hall Resistivity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Metal State

AbstractAnomalous metallic behavior, marked by a saturating finite resistivity much lower than the Drude estimate, has been observed in a wide range of two-dimensional superconductors. Utilizing the electrostatically gated LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface as a versatile platform for superconductor-metal quantum phase transitions, we probe variations in the gate, magnetic field, and temperature to construct a phase diagram crossing from superconductor, anomalous metal, vortex liquid, to the Drude metal state, combining longitudinal and Hall resistivity measurements. We find that the anomalous metal phases induced by gating and magnetic field, although differing in symmetry, are connected in the phase diagram and exhibit similar magnetic field response approaching zero temperature. Namely, within a finite regime of the anomalous metal state, the longitudinal resistivity linearly depends on the field while the Hall resistivity diminishes, indicating an emergent particle-hole symmetry. The universal behavior highlights the uniqueness of the quantum bosonic metallic state, distinct from bosonic insulators and vortex liquids.

The Transient Temperature Distribution in a Slab Subject to Thermal Radiation

1965 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Zerkle ◽  
J. Edward Sunderland
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Analog Computer ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Transient Temperature Distribution ◽  
Temperature Distributions ◽  
Approximate Analytical Solutions ◽  
Wide Range

The transient, one-dimensional temperature distribution is determined for a slab, insulated on one face, and subjected to thermal radiation at the other face. The slab is initially at a uniform temperature and is assumed to be homogeneous, isotropic, and opaque; the physical properties are assumed to be independent of temperature. Transient temperature distributions for both heating and cooling situations are obtained by means of a thermal-electrical analog computer. A diode limiter circuit is used to simulate the nonlinear radiant heat flux. The transient temperature distributions are presented in a dimensionless, graphical form for a wide range of variables. Approximate analytical solutions are also given which complement and extend the solution charts over ranges of parameters not covered in the charts.

scholarly journals The Biological Context of C-Reactive Protein as a Prognostic Marker in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Studies on the Acute Phase Cytokine Profile

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Hersvik Aarstad ◽  
Gigja Guðbrandsdottir ◽  
Karin M. Hjelle ◽  
Leif Bostad ◽  
Øystein Bruserud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Renal Cancer ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

High serum levels of the acute phase protein C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with an adverse prognosis in renal cancer. The acute phase reaction is cytokine-driven and includes a wide range of inflammatory mediators. This overall profile of the response depends on the inducing event and can also differ between patients. We investigated an extended acute phase cytokine profile for 97 renal cancer patients. Initial studies showed that the serum CRP levels had an expected prognostic association together with tumor size, stage, nuclear grading, and Leibovich score. Interleukin (IL)6 family cytokines, IL1 subfamily mediators, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α can all be drivers of the acute phase response. Initial studies suggested that serum IL33Rα (the soluble IL33 receptor α chain) levels were also associated with prognosis, although the impact of IL33Rα is dependent on the overall cytokine profile, including seven IL6 family members (IL6, IL6Rα, gp130, IL27, IL31, CNTF, and OSM), two IL1 subfamily members (IL1RA and IL33Rα), and TNFα. We identified a patient subset characterized by particularly high levels of IL6, IL33Rα, and TNFα alongside an adverse prognosis. Thus, the acute phase cytokine reaction differs between renal cancer patients, and differences in the acute phase cytokine profile are associated with prognosis.

scholarly journals A Gas-Phase Reaction Cell for Modern Atom Probe Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Haley ◽  
Ingrid McCarroll ◽  
Paul A. J. Bagot ◽  
Julie M. Cairney ◽  
Michael P. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Atom Probe Tomography ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Reaction Cell ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Gas Phase Reaction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gas Interactions ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate a new system for the examination of gas interactions with surfaces via atom probe tomography. This system provides capability of examining the surface and subsurface interactions of gases with a wide range of specimens, as well as a selection of input gas types. This system has been primarily developed to aid the investigation of hydrogen interactions with metallurgical samples, to better understand the phenomenon of hydrogen embrittlement. In its current form, it is able to operate at pressures from 10−6 to 1000 mbar (abs), can use a variety of gasses, and is equipped with heating and cryogenic quenching capabilities. We use this system to examine the interaction of hydrogen with Pd, as well as the interaction of water vapor and oxygen in Mg samples.

scholarly journals C,N-codoped MoSi 2 ceramic with excellent heat resistance for microwaves absorption application

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 200740
Author(s):  
Zhiqian Yang ◽  
Chang Xu ◽  
Yilu Xia ◽  
Ziming Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Solid Phase Reaction ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Electromagnetic Absorption ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Loading Ratio ◽  
The One

Microwave absorption (MA) materials with high heat resistance have a wide range of applications in many fields. In this work, a C,N-codoped MoSi 2 ceramic was prepared via a facile solid-phase reaction method and its MA properties was investigated. On the one hand, the results indicate that this ceramic possesses excellent heat resistance and the weight of the MoSi 2 is almost constant when the temperature is lower than 800°C. On the other hand, this ceramic shows good MA performance when the filler loading ratio increases to 30 vol%, the value of reflection loss (RL) could reach to −17.70 dB at 7.44 GHz with the thickness of 2.0 mm and the effective electromagnetic absorption bandwidth (RL below −10 dB) could reach to 1.88 GHz (9.28–11.16 GHz) with the thickness of 1.5 mm. Multi-polarization resonance loss is considered as the predominant attention mechanism on the MA performance of this MoSi 2 ceramic. This research provides a new idea for understanding resonance mechanism and greatly expands the application scope of MoSi 2 ceramic in MA area.

scholarly journals Portable calibrator for NO based on the photolysis of N<sub>2</sub>O and a combined NO<sub>2</sub>∕NO∕O<sub>3</sub> source for field calibrations of air pollution monitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1001-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Birks ◽  
Andrew A. Turnipseed ◽  
Peter C. Andersen ◽  
Craig J. Williford ◽  
Stanley Strunk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Calibration Source ◽  
Transfer Standard ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Gas Cylinders ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. A highly portable calibration source of nitric oxide (NO) based on the photolysis of nitrous oxide (N2O) supplied by 8 or 16 g disposable cartridges is demonstrated to serve as an accurate and reliable transfer standard for the calibration of NO monitors in the field. The instrument provides output mixing ratios in the range 0–1000 ppb with a precision and accuracy better than the greater of 3 ppb or 3 % of the target NO mixing ratio over a wide range of environmental conditions of ambient temperature (8.5–35.0 ∘C), pressure (745–1015 mbar corresponding to 2.7–0.0 km of elevation), and relative humidity (0 %–100 % RH). The combination of the NO calibration source with a previously described ozone calibration source based on the photolysis of oxygen in air provides a new instrument capable of outputting calibrated mixing ratios of NO, ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), where the NO2 is produced by the stoichiometric gas-phase reaction of NO with O3. The portable NO2/NO/O3 calibration source requires no external gas cylinders and can be used for calibrations of NO, NO2, and O3 instruments for mixing ratios up to 1000, 500, and 1000 ppb, respectively. This portable calibrator may serve as a convenient transfer standard for field calibrations of ozone and NOx air pollution monitors.

An Investigation of the Al—Pd—Fe Phase Diagram Between 50 and 100 at.% Al: Reaction Scheme.

ChemInform ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Balanetskyy ◽  
T. Ya. Velikanova ◽  
B. Grushko
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Reaction Scheme

scholarly journals Growth phase diagram and upconversion luminescence properties of NaLuF4:Yb3+/Tm3+/Gd3+ nanocrystals

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (70) ◽  
pp. 44531-44536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangyang Li ◽  
Yanhui Dong ◽  
Tuerxun·Aidilibike Tuerxun·Aidilibike ◽  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Junjie Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Upconversion Luminescence ◽  
Luminescence Properties ◽  
Phase Reaction

Relationships between the phase, reaction time, and UCL intensity of NaLuF4 nanocrystals are investigated.

scholarly journals Possibilities of Preoperative Medical Models Made by 3D Printing or Additive Manufacturing

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Salmi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Model Reconstruction ◽  
3D Model Reconstruction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Binder Jetting

Most of the 3D printing applications of preoperative models have been focused on dental and craniomaxillofacial area. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the possibilities in other application areas and give examples of the current possibilities. The approach was to communicate with the surgeons with different fields about their needs related preoperative models and try to produce preoperative models that satisfy those needs. Ten different kinds of examples of possibilities were selected to be shown in this paper and aspects related imaging, 3D model reconstruction, 3D modeling, and 3D printing were presented. Examples were heart, ankle, backbone, knee, and pelvis with different processes and materials. Software types required were Osirix, 3Data Expert, and Rhinoceros. Different 3D printing processes were binder jetting and material extrusion. This paper presents a wide range of possibilities related to 3D printing of preoperative models. Surgeons should be aware of the new possibilities and in most cases help from mechanical engineering side is needed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document