scholarly journals Diverging Mobilities, Converging Immobility? Romanian Roma Youths at the Crossroad between Spatial, Social and Educational Im/mobility

Intersections ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-56
Author(s):  
Stefano Piemontese ◽  
Bálint Ábel Bereményi ◽  
Silvia Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Rural Economy ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Social And Cultural Capital ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
Collaborative Ethnography ◽  
Training Opportunities ◽  
Meaningful Interaction

The article investigates the youth transitions of a group of Romanian Roma adolescents with different im/mobility experiences but originating from the same transnational rural village. Their postcompulsory education orientations and development of autonomous im/mobility projects are anything but homogeneous; nevertheless, they all develop halfway between the reproduction of socio-economic inequalities and the challenge of social mobility. While in Spain young migrants are confronted with severe residential and school mobility but have access to wider vocational training opportunities, their peers in Romania rely on more consistent educational trajectories, but face the prospect of poorly valued work in the local rural economy. As for young returnees, they struggle to mobilize their richer transnational social and cultural capital as a way of overcoming the negative experience and result of (re)migration. Based on broader, longitudinal, multi-sited and collaborative ethnography, this paper aims to unveil the interplay between structural constraints and individual agency that shapes meaningful interaction between spatial, social and educational im/mobility in both transnational localities. While emphasizing the usefulness of the concept of transition to explain the processes of intergenerational transfer of poverty in contemporary Europe, we discuss how temporality, social capital and mobility engage with the specific socio-economic context, transformations, and imagined futures of its young protagonists.

scholarly journals Historical-Geographical View of Rural Village Gnjili Potok - Which Road to Renewal and Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Goran Rajović ◽  
Jelisavka Bulatović
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Priority Ranking ◽  
Rural Development Policy ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Eu

Through this work, who examines rural village Gnjili Potok points out the importance of the historical and geographical components, as well as essential guidelines to preserve the identity and authenticity of the village? Villages are still the only places where it is possible to agriculture as a life interest, but there are fewer of those who live from it. Agriculture the other activity that is linked to be village and rural area, but there is less activity that ensures the development and future of this area. Experience of the EU shows that designed rural development policy, supported financially, resulting in a successful rural economy, with employment opportunities. In Montenegro, unfortunately, until now there was no consistent and long-term rural development policy. Namely, Montenegro is a big deal to all their strategies complies with international and European principles, and planned actions and activities, with the priority ranking, to enable the realization of the vision of rural development and its competitive participation in the global and European trends.

Online staff training: opportunities and limitations

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
А.М. Павлова
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Staff Training ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
Life Long Learning ◽  
Training Opportunities ◽  
Training Of Personnel

В статье рассматривается проблема обучения персонала организаций в условиях распространения коронавирусной инфекции. Цель — обобщить представления об онлайн-обучении персонала и, учитывая достоинства и недостатки этой формы обучения, наметить основные ориентиры его развития. Автор делает вывод, что переход к дистанционным и смешанным формам обучения продиктован не только сложившейся эпидемиологической ситуацией, но и необходимостью снижения транзакционных издержек работодателя в этой сфере. В работе рассматриваются не только достоинства онлайн-обучения, но и недостатки организационного и психологического характера. Выделены основные стратегические ориентиры обучения персонала организаций в режиме онлайн. По мнению автора, установка на непрерывное образование (life long learning), возможность выстраивать индивидуальные образовательные траектории и развитие онлайн-обучения может стать — при условии согласования образовательных потребностей работника и задач организации — инструментом карьерного развития и сопровождения персонала. The article discusses the problem of training the personnel of organizations in the context of pandemic. The goal is to summarize the ideas about online training of personnel and to highlight, based on the advantages and disadvantages of this form of training, the main guidelines in its organization. It is concluded that the transition to distance and mixed forms of education is natural not only as a result of the situation, but as a way to reduce the transaction costs of the employer in this area. Not only the advantages of online learning are considered, but also the disadvantages of both organizational and psychological nature. The main strategic guidelines for training personnel of organizations online are highlighted. It is assumed that the orientation towards life long learning, together with the ability to build individual educational trajectories and developing online training, can become a tool for career development and support of personnel through the coordination of the educational needs of the employee and the objectives of the organization.

scholarly journals Avian Influenza Risk Environment: Live Bird Commodity Chains in Chattogram, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erling Høg ◽  
Guillaume Fournié ◽  
Md. Ahasanul Hoque ◽  
Rashed Mahmud ◽  
Dirk U. Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Commodity Chains ◽  
Risk Environment ◽  
Value Appropriation ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Client Relationships ◽  
Agency And Structure ◽  
Live Bird

In this paper, we identify behaviours in live bird commodity chains in Chattogram, Bangladesh, which may influence the risk of pathogen emergence and transmission: the nature of poultry trade, value appropriation and selling sick or infected birds. Examining the reasons why actors engage in these behaviours, we emphasise the politics of constraints within a context of real-world decisions, governed by existential and pragmatic agency. Focusing on contact zones and entanglement, analysing patron-client relationships and precarious circumstances, we argue that agency and structure specific to the Bangladeshi context produce a risk environment. Structural constraints may reinforce risky occupational practises and limit individual agency. Structural constraints need to be addressed in order to tackle animal and zoonotic disease risk along live animal commodity chains.

Fashioning the Future

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-78
Author(s):  
Andrea Kölbel
Keyword(s):  
Social Influences ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
Educational Pathways ◽  
Future Orientations ◽  
Participation In Higher Education

Chapter Three explores the potential and limitations that educated young Nepalis associated with their university studies. Changes in the composition of the student body indicate that a growing number of students from social groups previously not represented at university now obtain academic credentials. Their participation in higher education gives reason to hope for a more socially just and prosperous future. In order to take full advantage of new educational opportunities, young people often felt compelled to relocate to the capital city or to go abroad. For the majority of these students, however, certain educational pathways associated with an upper social status remained out of reach. In identifying a number of social influences and structural constraints, which powerfully shaped young people’s educational trajectories and related future orientations, the findings presented in this chapter allow for a critically engagement with the concept of the ‘capacity to aspire’.

Somali American Boys with Autism: Examining Three Educational Transitions Through Capital Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Diana Baker ◽  
Lyndsey Ackerman ◽  
Phoebe Pohl ◽  
Hyejung Kim
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Special Educators ◽  
Individualized Education Program ◽  
Educational Planning ◽  
Educational Transitions ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Social And Cultural Capital ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
Educational Backgrounds

Abstract This study examines collaboration between American special educators and Somali American families of boys with autism through the lens of capital theory. Subthemes are organized according to phases in the educational planning process, from ongoing and pre-meeting interactions through finalization of the Individualized Education Program (IEP). Results reveal that within a homogenous group (i.e., families of Somali American boys with autism) differences in, for example, immigration history or parents' educational backgrounds can facilitate or impede access to capital (economic, social, cultural). Across the phases, families who leverage capital effectively participate more actively in educational planning. Additionally, findings suggest that children whose families have more access to social and cultural capital tend to enroll in better-resourced schools even if they themselves live in under-resourced school districts. This fact affects their educational trajectories and their families' experiences of collaboration. Implications for practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Development in the context of care migration from rural Hungary: An agency-based approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-110
Author(s):  
Krisztina Németh ◽  
Monika Mária Váradi
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Circular Migration ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Structure And Agency ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Face

This paper aims to create a better understanding of the interplay between structural constraints and individual agency in the process of international labor migration based on empirical evidence collected in Hungarian small towns and villages. Drawing on Amartya Sen’s capability-based concept of development, and a theory of agency elaborated by Emirbayer and Mische, the paper focuses on live-in care migration as a specific form of female circular migration from Hungary to Western European countries, and highlights the varying and dynamic nature of migrant women’s agency within the complexity of structural constraints. The object of this paper is twofold: first, it compares and systematically analyzes Hungarian migrant elderly care workers’ coping strategies in the face of constraints set in the global context of care work. Second, it aims to provide a comprehensive theoretical framework based on the concepts of agency in which diverse empirical findings – human games within a host household and narratives problematizing these specific social roles – can be interpreted. Our empirical evidence shows that human games and tactics are triggered precisely by structural constraints; they are directly inspired by limitations. Although these tactics are potential tools for enlarging individual room for maneuver situationally, they evidently cannot alter structures. The asymmetry of structure and agency is clearly demonstrated in the fact that the overwhelming majority of Hungarian care workers describe individual gains from their jobs as fragments of development. These fragments reflect not only structural constraints, but also highlight potential gains from this specific type of circular migration, pointing out that the concept of “remittances” is more complex than a mere increase in financial stability.

scholarly journals Latinx/@ immigrant inclusion trajectories: Individual agency, structural constraints, and the role of community-based organizations in immigrant mobilities.

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 772-786
Author(s):  
Cirila Estela Vasquez Guzman ◽  
Julia Meredith Hess ◽  
Norma Casas ◽  
Dulce Medina ◽  
Margarita Galvis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Community Based Organizations

Telepractice Training for Early Intervention with Children who are Deaf/Hard-of-Hearing

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Kristina M. Blaiser ◽  
Diane Behl
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Staff Support ◽  
Early Intervention Services ◽  
Part C ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Part C Early Intervention ◽  
Training Opportunities

Telepractice is an increasingly popular service delivery model for serving individuals with communication disorders, particularly infants and toddlers who are Deaf/Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) served under Part C Early Intervention programs (Behl, Houston, & Stredler-Brown, 2012). Recent studies have demonstrated that telepractice is effective for providing children who are DHH and their families with access to high quality early intervention services (Behl et al., 2016; Blaiser, Behl, Callow-Heusser, & White, 2013). While telepractice has grown in popularity, there continues to be a lack of formalized training opportunities to help providers become more familiar with telepractice (Behl & Kahn, 2015). This paper outlines online training courses for providers, families, and administrators of programs for children who are DHH. Recommendations for follow up training and staff support are included.

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