Effects of Lexical Simplification and Elaboration on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Learning and Retention of Phrasal Verbs

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melika Ghorbanian ◽  
Shadab Jabbarpoor
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Phrasal Verbs ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Different Order

This study aimed at investigating the effect of lexical simplification and elaboration on Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ learning and retention of phrasal verbs. In order to achieve this goal, a PET test was run into 130 learners. When target participants were chosen, they were assigned into three groups including two treatment groups and one control group. Through a multiple choice test, 40 out of 60 phrasal verbs were selected as target phrasal verbs. Through 8 sessions of treatment, each group received a reading comprehension text that contained 5 phrasal verbs. But the way the phrasal verbs in two experimental groups were modified was different. One of them received elaborated input and the other group received simplified input; meanwhile, the control group received unmodified input. After eight sessions of treatment, an immediate multiple choice test was administered to find out which techniques had stronger effect on participant’s learning and retention of phrasal verbs. After one month, the same test, with a different order of items, was administered as delayed posttest to check the participants’ level of retention.  According to the results of the study simplified input group significantly outperformed the control and elaborated group on both learning and retention of phrasal verbs.

scholarly journals The Incidental Acquisition of English Prepositions by Arabic-Speaking EFL Learners: Evidence From Al Ain University of Science and Technology

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824401986149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Rahman Mitib Altakhaineh ◽  
Mona Kamal Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Al Ain ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Arabic Speaking

This study examined the incidental acquisition of English prepositions by Arabic-speaking English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. Employing reading comprehension exercises as a treatment, we adopted the experimental design of a pre- and post-test to determine the effectiveness of the treatment on the participants’ incidental acquisition of English prepositions. For the purpose of the study, we divided the participants into a treatment group, who engaged in reading comprehension exercises for one academic term, and a control group, who did not. We used a multiple-choice test and a fill-in-the-blank test to measure the participants’ receptive and productive knowledge of English prepositions, respectively. We also conducted an introspective session with the treatment group following the administration of the post-tests to determine the areas of difficulty. The results of the study mainly indicated that reading accompanied by exercises resulted in better incidental gains in the acquisition of English prepositions, especially on the multiple-choice test. The study concludes with recommendations for further research.

scholarly journals The Comprehension of Synonyms by Saudi EFL Learners: Acquisition and Pedagogical Implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Majed Alanazi
Keyword(s):  
English Proficiency ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Advanced Learners ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Proficiency Level

This study investigates 40 Saudi EFL learners’ receptive knowledge of synonyms in English. It also tests whether the participants’ English proficiency level plays a role in their comprehension of English synonyms. To achieve this, the researcher designed a multiple-choice test to measure Saudi EFL learners’ ability to recognise the correct English synonym in contextualised sentences. In order to test whether the English proficiency level of the participants plays a role in their comprehension of English synonyms, the participants were divided on the basis of their scores on the Oxford Placement Test into two groups: 20 Advanced Learners (ALs) and 20 Intermediate Learners (ILs). Twenty native speakers of English (NSs) acted as the control group. The native speakers’ answers on the multiple-choice test were considered as the accurate answers. The answers provided by the ALs and ILs were compared to those provided by the NSs to determine whether the answers of the former approximate those of the latter. A Chi-square test was employed to determine whether the differences between the three groups, ALs, ILs and NSs on the multiple-choice test were statistically significant. The results reveal that the answers supplied by the ILs differed statistically from those of NSs on all items on the multiple-choice test, whereas those provided by the ALs differed significantly from those of the NSs on eight items. The results also show that participants’ English proficiency level may not have played a role in their ability to recognise the correct synonym on all items on the test. The researcher argued that the main sources of error were interference habits from the participants’ first language (L1), lack of awareness of the semantic differences between the synonyms in English and lack of familiarity with English collocations. The study concluded with some pedagogical implications for ESL/EFL teachers in the context of teaching English synonyms to L2 students. 

Comprehension Problems in Children With Specific Language Impairment

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. M. Bishop ◽  
C. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Question Type ◽  
The Other ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Specific Language

A group of 61 schoolchildren with specific language impairment (SLI) was compared with a control group on a comprehension task, in which the child was questioned about a story that had been presented either orally or as a series of pictures. Half the questions were literal, requiring the child to provide a detail that had been mentioned or shown explicitly in the story. The remainder required the child to make an inference about what had not been directly shown or stated. SLI children were impaired on this task, even after taking into account "comprehension age," as assessed on a multiple-choice test. However, the effects of mode of presentation and question type were similar for control and SLI groups. Children who fitted the clinical picture of semantic-pragmatic disorder had lower scores than other SLI children on this task. In addition, they were more prone to give answers that suggested they had not understood the question. However, as with the other SLI children, there was no indication that they had disproportionate difficulty with inferential questions. It is concluded that SLI children are impaired in constructing an integrated representation from a sequence of propositions, even when such propositions are presented nonverbally.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri terhadap Hasil Belajar dan Sikap Demokratis Siswa MA Darussalimin NW Sengkol Pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardiana Mardiana ◽  
Rispawati Rispawati ◽  
M Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Choice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Control Instrument ◽  
Cognitive Study ◽  
Academic Year

Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui  ada  tidaknya  pengeruh  penerapan model pembelajaran Inkuiri terhadap hasil belajar kognitif dan sikap demokratis sisw a  MA  Darussalimin  NW  Sengkol  pada  mata  pelajaran  PKn tahun ajaran 2017/2018.   Penelitian  ini  menggunakan  pendekatan   kuantitatif   dengan  jenis penelitian  quasi  eksperimen  (eksperimen  semu)  yaitu  Nonequivalent  Control Group Design.  Sampel  dalam  penelitian  ini adalah sisw a kelas XI Agama sebanyak 21 orang sisw a sebagai kelas eksperimen dan sisw a kelas XI IPA sebanyak 21 orang sisw a  sebagai  kelas  control.  Instrument  pengumpulan  data menggunakan  tes pilihan ganda sebanyak 20 soal untuk hasil belajar kognitif dan instrument angket untuk  sikap  demokratis.  Berdasarkan  hasil uji hipotesis  uji-t untuk  hasil belajar diperoleh data thitung =1,85 dan t table = 1,684 dengan taraf signifikan 5% dan dk=42 jadi t hitung > t table. Sedangkan hasil analisis sikap demokratis dengan menggunakan skala likert yakni 81,36% dari sebelumnya 69,04% untuk kelas eksperimen  dan  73,65%  dari sebelumnya  65,08%  untuk kelas control.  Hal ini menunjukka   hipotesis  dalam   penelitian  diterima  atau dengan  kata  lain  ada pengaruh  penerapan  model pembelajaran  inkuiri terhadap hasil belajar kognitif dan sikap demokratis sisw a. AbstractThis  thesis  aimed  at  finding  out  the effectiveness  or uneffectiveness  of  using inquiry model in finding result of cognitive study and democratic attitude student of MA darussalimin nw sengkol in PPKn lesson in academic year 2017/2018. The sample in this research w as IX (nineth) of Islamic class. That w as 21 student as experimental class and student of IX (nineth) IPA that w as 21 studenas control class. The instrument w as collecting the data used multiple choice test, there w ere 20  questions  for  the  resulted  of  cognitive  study  and  instrument  quisioner in democratic attitude. Based on the result of hipotesis experimental for the result of study the researcher got tcount = 1,85 and t table = 1,684 in taraf significant 5% and DK = 40. So tcount >t table.While analisist result of democratic attitude w as used likert scala that w as 81,36% w hich before 69,04% for experimental class and73,65% for control class. So based on the date the researcher got the other w ord it w as effective in using inquiry model to cognitive result of study and democratic attitude.Keywords: Inquiry, result of PPKn lesson and Democratic Atitude

The Effect of Applying POSSE (Predict- Organize-Search-Summarize-Evaluate) on the Students’ Reading Comprehension

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Rejeki Maha ◽  
Berlin Sibarani
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was aimed at finding out The Effect of Applying POSSE (Predict-Organize-Search-Summarize-Evaluate) Strategy on the Students’ Reading Comprehension. This study used the experimental design. The population of this study was the students of SMA Negeri 2 Medan. There were sixty students taken as the sample of the research. This study was conducted with two randomized groups namely experimental and control group. The experimental group was taught by applying POSSE strategy while control group was taught without applying POSSE strategy. The instrument of collecting the data was multiple choice test which consists of 40 items. To obtain the reliability of the test, the researcher used Kuder-Richardson (KR-21). The calculation shows the reliability was 0.81(high). The data were analyzed by using t-test. The calculation shows that t-observed (4.76) is higher than t-table (2.00) at the level of significance (α) 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 58. Therefore, the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. It means that there was a significant effect of applying POSSE strategy on the students’ reading comprehension. Keywords: POSSE Strategy, Reading Comprehension.

The Effect of Applying Learning Together Method on the Students’ Reading Comprehension

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haryato Siregar ◽  
Elia Masa Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Learning Together

This study was aimed at finding out the effect of applying Learning Together Method on the students’ reading comprehension. This study used the experimental design. The population of this study was the students of SMP Negeri 1 Muara. There were sixty students of eighth class as the sample of the research. This study was conducted with two randomized groups namely experimental and control group. The experimental group was taught by applying Learning Together Method while control group was taught without applying Learning Together Method. The instrument of collecting the data was multiple choice test which consists of 20 items. To obtain the reliability of the test, the researcher used Kuder-Richardson (KR-21) formula. The calculation shows the reliability was 0.82(high). The data were analyzed by using t-test. The calculation shows that t-observed (4.9) is higher than t-table (2.00) at the level of significance (α) 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 58. Therefore, the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. It means that teaching reading comprehension by applying Learning Together Method significantly affect reading comprehension. Keywords: Learning Together Method, Reading Comprehension

Effect of Prequestions on Control of Attention in Written Instruction

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme H. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Extra Information ◽  
Primary School Pupils ◽  
6Th Graders

It was predicted that varying the kind of prequestion asked would differentially affect the inspection behaviour of students reading a given passage. Primary school pupils (80 5th and 6th graders) read a short passage after being asked either a specific, general, or integrative question. A no-question control group also read the passage before all subjects attempted a multiple choice test. Consistent with previous findings, a specific prequestion most effectively focussed attention on particular points. General prequestions ostensibly referred the reader to more of the passage, but it can be inferred from test data that there was no advantage from this spread of attention unless the extra information was organized or ‘integrated’. The results were interpreted in terms of control of attention to critical stimuli.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING BERPENDEKATAN STEM TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP HIDROLISIS GARAM SISWA SMA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukman Abdul Rauf Laliyo
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Science Technology

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh model Discovery Learning berpendekatan Science, Technology, Eengineering, and Mathematic  terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa SMA di gorontalo. Penelitian kuantitatif Quasi Eksperimental ini menggunakan disain Pretest-Posttest Control Group. Sampel berjumlah 180 siswa, yaitu sebanyak 91 siswa kelompok eksperimen dan 89 siswa kelompok kontrol. Kelompok eksperimen dibelajarkan dengan model Discovery Learning berpendekatan Science, Technology, Eengineering, and Mathematic, dan untuk kelompok kontrol dibelajarkan dengan model Discovery Learning berpendekatan Saintifik. Intrumen yang digunakan adalah four-tier multiple choice test. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan Mann-Whitney dan Wilcoxon dengan taraf signifikan kurang dari 0,05, menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis diterima. Temuan ini menyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Discovery Learning berpendekatan Science, Technology, Eengineering and Mathematic  terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan rujukan bagi guru dalam mengembangkan pembelajaran kimia di masa depan

The Influence of using Hangman game on the seventh graders’ vocabulary mastery

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Dewi Sri Kuning ◽  
Rohaina Rohaina
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
T Test ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Seventh Graders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Vocabulary is an important component in learning a language. Vocabulary is used to communicate to each other through listening, writing, speaking, and reading. These skills are closely related to vocabulary mastery. However, students have difficulties in understanding the vocabularies from their reading or listening activities. This research belongs to quantitative study using quasi experimental of nonequivalent control group design to find out the influence of using Hangman game on the seventh graders’ vocabulary mastery. The data were collected through a multiple-choice test. The hypothesis is tested using t-test. From the calculation of t-test, it was found that tobserved = 2.7, with df = 30+29-2 = 57 in ttable = 2.0, because tobserved ≥ ttable or 2.7 ≥ 2.0. Therefore, it can be concluded H0 is rejected, while Ha is accepted. In other words, “Hangman game influences the seventh graders’ vocabulary mastery.”

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