scholarly journals The Prospects of Utilizing the Modified Sorption Material to Intensify Purification of Waste Water from Electroplating Production

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Olga G. Dubrovskaya ◽  
Vladimir A. Kulagin ◽  
Anatoly I. Matyushenko ◽  
Anastasiya G. Bobrik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Service Water ◽  
Degree Of Extraction

One of the sources of environmental pollution with hazardous substances, primarily heavy metals, is the electroplating industry. The prevention of pollution of water bodies with wastewater containing heavy metal ions is closely related to reducing the consumption of fresh water for the technological needs of production and to reducing the amount of effluent. One of the solutions to this problem is to create low-waste and waste-free environmentally safe technological processes of wastewater treatment using treated effluents in the recirculation system, which reduces the negative impact on the environment. The results of studying the sorption properties of the natural modified mineral Akdolit-Gran prove a high efficiency of this sorption filling when conditioning electroplating shop effluents contaminated with a complex of heavy metals. Taking into account a relatively low cost of this natural mineral, Akdolit-Gran has the advantages in terms of its economic feasibility, plus the high degree of extraction of metals using this sorbent together with its low consumption allows designing recirculation systems for industrial enterprises meeting the requirements for physical and chemical parameters of service water

scholarly journals Sludge water stabilization treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01048
Author(s):  
Elena Murko ◽  
Vasily Murko ◽  
Jurgen Kretchmann
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Flotation Reagents ◽  
Stabilization Treatment ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Service Water

Technologically contaminated water, formed during processing of coal slurries, finds its application in modern technological cycles of coal enrichment. Limitation of use of untreated recycled water of coal concentration plants is caused by a high degree of its mineralization by various salts, presence of insoluble solid particles and presence of flotation reagents, coagulants and flocculants. Part of technical water purified from mineral and organic contaminants can be used in heating systems and heat exchange equipment of industrial enterprises, including the coal industry. For this purpose, it is necessary to reduce the scale-forming ability of service water (to reduce the content of soluble calcium and magnesium salts in water). One of the most effective and advanced methods is the stabilization treatment of water with an electric field. In addition, this method is environmentally safe, low-cost and simple. The article gives the foundation of the method of stabilization treatment of recycled water of concentrating plants by an electric field, a description of the methodology of the laboratory experiment for scaling reduction, and the analysis of the results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Treatment Processes for Landfill Leachate Using Low-Cost Agro-Industrial Materials

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfiq J. H. Banch ◽  
Marlia M. Hanafiah ◽  
Abbas F. M. Alkarkhi ◽  
Salem S. A. Amr ◽  
Nurul U. M. Nizam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Materials ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Complex Liquid

Leachate is a complex liquid that is often produced from landfills, and it contains hazardous substances that may endanger the surrounding environment if ineffectively treated. In this work, four leachate treatment applications were examined: combined leachate/palm oil mill effluent (POME) (LP), leachate/tannin (LT), pre-(leachate/tannin) followed by post-(leachate/POME) (LT/LP), and pre-(leachate/POME) followed by post-(leachate/tannin) (LP/LT). The aim of this work is to evaluate and compare the performance of these treatment applications in terms of optimizing the physicochemical parameters and removing heavy metals from the leachate. The highest efficiency for the optimization of the most targeted physicochemical parameters and the removal of heavy metals was with the LP/LT process. The results are indicative of three clusters. The first cluster involves raw leachate (cluster 1), the second contains LP and LP/LT (cluster 2), and the third also consists of two treatment applications, namely, LT and LT/LP (cluster 3). The results demonstrate that LP/LT is the most appropriate method for leachate treatment using low-cost agro-industrial materials.

scholarly journals Possibility of use Artemisia austriaca Jacq. as an indicator of environmental pollution by certain heavy metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-39
Author(s):  
Yulia M. Kanibolotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
State Of The Environment

Due to the increasing negative impact of anthropogenic factors on the state of the environment in man-made regions, the possibility of using Artemisia austriaса Jacq. as an indicator of contamination of industrial areas by some heavy metals and transformation of plant communities under the influence of human activities is being considered. In order to achieve the objective of the study, the content of heavy metals (Ti, Mn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Sr); in plant metals (A. austriaса) and soil samples selected in the suburbs of Pavlodar and Aksu (Pavlodar region, Kazakhstan) is analyzed at different distances from existing industrial enterprises. Geobotanic studies have also been carried out (using classical methods). A. austriaca, being a digressive-active species, under human-induced conditions often becomes a dominant or subdominant in plant communities (in regions where it has historically been represented in little abundance). Therefore, its capacity to accumulate some heavy metals (according to our research results – Zn and Cr) can be used (taking into account the distance from the source of emissions, age of plants, features of nanorelief and weather conditions) to determine the presence of contamination of industrial (or adjacent) areas, especially in areas of operation of metallurgical enterprises.

scholarly journals Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater by Adsorption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athar Hussain ◽  
Sangeeta Madan ◽  
Richa Madan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
Adsorption Processes

Adsorption processes are extensively used in wastewater treatment for heavy metal removal. The most widely used adsorbent is activated carbon giving the best of results but it’s high cost limits its use. It has a high cost of production and regeneration. As the world today faces a shortage of freshwater resources, it is inevitable to look for alternatives that lessen the burden on existing resources. Also, heavy metals are toxic even in trace concentrations, so an environmentally safe method of their removal necessitated the requirement of low cost adsorbents. Adsorption is a cost-effective technique and gained recognition due to its minimum waste disposal advantage. This chapter focuses on the process of adsorption and the types of adsorbent available today. It also encompasses the low-cost adsorbents ranging from agricultural waste to industrial waste explaining the adsorption reaction condition. The cost-effectiveness, technical applicability and easy availability of raw material with low negative impact on the system are the precursors in selecting the adsorbents. The novelty of the chapter lies in covering a wide range of adsorbents with their efficiency in removal of heavy metals from wastewater.

scholarly journals Biosorption of toxic metals using freely suspended Microcystis aeruginosa biomass

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1232-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Rzymski ◽  
Przemysław Niedzielski ◽  
Jacek Karczewski ◽  
Barbara Poniedziałek
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Metal Biosorption ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Freely Suspended ◽  
Chemical Conditions

AbstractThis paper describes the potential application of a freely suspended cyanobacterial biomass of Microcystis aeruginosa as a sorption material for toxic metals, cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) from aqueous solutions. In order to identify the most suitable conditions for removal of these elements (concentration range: 1–20 mg L−1), the laboratory experiments were carried out during different incubation times (1–48 h) and under various temperatures (10–40°C), pH (5–9) and with or without light irradiance. Competitive biosorption of Cd and Pb was also investigated. We found that M. aeruginosa demonstrates high efficiency in removing both of the studied metals from aqueous solutions. Sorption of Pb occurred, however, more rapidly and effectively, and was less disturbed by changes in physico-chemical conditions. Under pH=7, 25°C and light, the removal rates after 3 h and 6 h of incubation, were 90–100% for Pb and 79.5–100% for Cd, respectively. The co-occurrence of the metals decreased the rate of metal biosorption. Pb was sequestered preferentially over Cd. From the results we conclude that freely suspended M. aeruginosa can constitute a promising low-cost, easy-producible biosorbent material for toxic metals in contaminated wastewater.

scholarly journals Investigation of the influence of electromagnetic field strength on the quality of water purification from heavy metals by ferritization method

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Bogdan Yemchura ◽  
Dmytro Pakhomov ◽  
Gennadii Kochetov ◽  
Dmytro Samchenko
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Chromium Ions ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Degree Of Extraction

To date, one of the components of the global problem of water pollution has been the uncontrolled discharge of wastewater from industrial enterprises that use in their work technological solutions of heavy metals, including galvanic. Among the main components of wastewater generated in galvanic industrial enterprises, about 70% is zinc and its compounds, and the most toxic of the heavy metals contained in process solutions are Cr VI compounds. In view of this, it is important to improve the ferritization treatment of wastewater from zinc and chromium ions. A laboratory installation for the ferritization process with electromagnetic pulse activation (EMI) has been developed. This method of activation provides not only a reduction in energy costs, but also the appropriate degree of extraction of heavy metal ions, which allows you to get an aqueous solution that can be used in a circulating water supply system, and sludge disposed of as additives for alkaline cements. The influence of the strength of the electromagnetic field on the degree of extraction of zinc and chromium ions from wastewater by ferritization has been studied. It is determined that the best degree of purification from heavy metal ions is achieved at an electromagnetic field of 0.14T.

scholarly journals Competitive Adsorption of Cadmium (II) from Aqueous Solutions onto Nanoparticles of Water Treatment Residual

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsayed Elkhatib ◽  
Ahmed Mahdy ◽  
Fatma Sherif ◽  
Walaa Elshemy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Water Treatment Residuals ◽  
Surface Complexes ◽  
Heavy Metals Removal ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Wastewater Samples

There is increasing interest in using water treatment residuals (WTRs) for heavy metals removal from wastewater due to their low cost, availability, and high efficiency in removing various pollutants. In this study, novel water treatment residuals nanoparticles (nWTRs) were prepared using high energy ball milling and used for efficient removal of Cd(II) in single- and multi-ion systems. The WTR nanoparticles demonstrated high removal efficiency for Cd from aqueous solution as the adsorption capacities of nWTR were 17 and 10 times higher than those of bulk WTR in single- and multielement systems, respectively. Noticeably, Cd(II) adsorption was clearly suppressed in the multi-ion system as Cu and Pb form the most stable monohydroxo complexes. Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR) analyses suggested the participation of OH−, O-Al-O, FeOH, and FeOOH entities in the adsorption process. The stability of Cd-nWTR surface complexes is evident as less than 0. 2% of adsorbed Cd(ll) was released at the highest Cd(II) concentration load after 4 consecutive desorption cycles. Moreover, the real efficiency of nWTR for Cd(II) removal from wastewater samples studied was calculated to be 98.35%. These results highlight the potential of nWTR for heavy metals removal from wastewater.

scholarly journals SORPTION OF HEAVY METALS FROM POLLUTED WATER AND THEIR MIGRATION IN THE SYSTEM SOIL‐TREE

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatas Butkus ◽  
Edita Baltrenaite ◽  
Dainius Paliulis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Birch Wood ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
Outer Atmosphere

Large amounts of various contaminants are transported via natural processes from technogenic pollution sources to air, water, soil and natural ecosystems. Heavy metals (HM) are very hazardous substances having long‐lasting impact on ecosystems. They have complex negative impact on human health, animals, flora and fauna at watercourses and microflora of wastewater. Often concentration of HM exceeds maximal available concentration in wastewater. HM enter forests in their wet and dry forms from local or outer atmosphere sources; they are also brought from seas alongside with biogens and sea salt or washed from putrid or putrescent plants that concentrate in the soil or they are brought by wind or water together with mineral particles. Monitoring of forests determined that contaminants, i e HM inhibit energetic status of a tree and cause increase of tree sensitivity to diseases. In this paper the most commonly met HM, such as Ni, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu and Co, are analysed. Pollution with HM can be reduced, if HM are accumulated by plants or absorbed by porous substances. Natural or synthetic sorbents due to their high sorption capacity, selectivity, the properties of cation exchangeability, a low price and affordability are used to remove HM from wastewater. We investigated activated carbon (AC) CKT and activated carbon (AC) UPA. The results of the investigation show that AC UPA cannot sorb HM and another sorbent ‐ AC CKT ‐ cannot sorb HM too. The transfer factor of HM from the soil to pine and birch trees was calculated, and the concentration of HM was determined in pine and birch wood, soil and polluted water. Samples of wood were burned, samples of soil were dried, and those of polluted water were analysed without special preparation. HM from wood and soil were extracted using a nitric acid solution. Samples of soil, wood and water were analysed with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer Buck Scientific 210VGP. It is determined that Ni and Mn are most effectively transferred from soil to both pine and birch wood, while Cu is less effective in accumulation in pine wood and Co ‐ in birch wood.

Ruthenium Dye (N3) Removal from Simulated Wastewater Using Bamboo Charcoal and Activated Bamboo Charcoal

2018 ◽  
Vol 765 ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Najihah binti Rosli ◽  
Lim Chee Ming ◽  
Abdul Hanif Mahadi ◽  
Suthee Wattanasiriwech ◽  
Ren Chong Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ruthenium Complex ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Simulated Wastewater

The presence of heavy metals such as mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), thallium (T1) and ruthenium (Ru) in wastewater, even in trace quantities, could cause a negative impact on our health. The adsorption method has been proven to be the most effective and low-cost method for removing of heavy metals from wastewater. In this study, biomass waste was used as a low-cost precursor for the production of cost-effective charcoal and activated carbon. Solid waste from a common local bamboo species (Gigantochloa sp.) was used to produce charcoal and activated carbon. The simulated wastewater was made with Ruthenium complex (N3) dye solution as the adsorbate. The bamboo charcoal was prepared by carbonization, and activated carbon was prepared by NaOH activation after carbonization. The morphological characteristics, chemical compositions, and the lattice structures of the prepared adsorbents were analyzed using SEM, EDX, and XRD. The adsorption performance of the prepared adsorbents toward N3 dye was evaluated, and the highest adsorption capacity of 1.50 mg/g was obtained from activated carbon. The results showed that the activated bamboo-based charcoal has a better adsorption efficiency when compared to the bamboo charcoal for the treatment of N3 dye in wastewater.

Cadmium-telluride—Material for thin film solar cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2740-2753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Bonnet ◽  
Peter Meyers
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cells ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Due to its basic optical, electronic, and chemical properties, CdTe can become the base material for high-efficiency, low-cost thin film solar cells using robust, high-throughput manufacturing techniques. CdTe films suited for photovoltaic energy conversion have been produced by nine different processes. Using n-type CdS as a window-partner, solar cells of up to 16% efficiency have been made in the laboratory. Presently five industrial enterprises are striving to master low cost production processes and integrated modules have been delivered in sizes up to 60 × 120 cm2, showing efficiencies up to 9%. Stability, health, and environmental issues will not limit the commercial potential of the final product. The technology shows high promise for achieving cost levels of $0.5/Wp at 15% efficiency. In order to achieve this goal, scientists will have to develop a more detailed understanding of defect chemistry and device operation of cells, and engineers will have to develop methods for high-throughput manufacturing.

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