scholarly journals "Taiga law," in the works of V. P. Astafiev: the semantics of the concept of folk ecology

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-103
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Grigorievna Samotik
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Critical Aspect ◽  
Strong Law ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Oral Form ◽  
Regional Component ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Unwritten Law

The article is devoted to the "taiga law" in the works of V. p. Astafiev, which is shown by the writer as a real concept existing in Siberia. The "taiga law" is noted in the literature and attracted the attention of literary critics, but the researchers did not turn to him, analyzing the work of the writer. In the ecological prose of V. P. Astafiev the significant place (and in some texts central one) to the code of the people's ecology, centuries-old and passed from generation to generation, as well as to the environmental symbol of the Siberian culture. The law includes the relation of man to man in the taiga existence and the relation of man to flora and fauna. Contrary to popular belief it is shown that the texts of V.P. Astafiev presented as a critical aspect of ecology (ecocriticism) and positive. The work is done in line with the ideas of cognitive linguistics, taking into account the conditionality of the literary text of the author's linguistic picture of the world, in the works of writers-villagers it is associated with a regional component. "Taiga law" is a regional mental concept that is waiting to be considered within the definition of "Siberian text". How the lexical unit "the law of the taiga" refers to the environmental vocabulary (Koslova). The article focuses on the features of the concept functioning as a sign- formator (W. Weinreich). In the article, the 10 components of the transformer are identified in the texts of the writer. This "unwritten" law, it exists in oral form, so has traits in common with folkloric elements: the writer, the nomination is presented in two variants (the "law of the taiga" and "strong law") is uncertain semantic scope, emotionally expressive painted. The spatial component of "taiga" is important in the nomination structure. This is an axiological concept based on evaluation, carrying a number of direct and hidden prohibitions. "Taiga law" appears in the texts of V. p. Astafiev, on the one hand, as organizing the beginning of the daily life of Siberians, on the other, as the cause of conflicts. In fiction texts creates tensions of the text, organizing the conflict both interpersonal and social. In some texts, the "taiga law" performs a plot-forming function. The results of the study essential for the theory of environmental prose, add a new element in the philological studies of Astafiev’s legacy.

3. The law of treaties

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Ilias Bantekas ◽  
Efthymios Papastavridis
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Written Form ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter examines the rules of international law governing the birth, the life, and the death of treaties. Treaties, a formal source of international law, are agreements in written form between States or international organizations that are subject to international law. A treaty falls under the definition of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), no matter what form or title it may have. The most important factor is that it sets out obligations or entitlements under international law. The VCLT enumerates the rules governing the ‘birth’, ie the steps from the negotiation until the entry into force of the treaty; the ‘life’, ie the interpretation and application of the treaty; and its ‘demise’, ie its termination. The two fundamental tenets are, on the one hand, the principle ‘pacta sunt servanda’ and, on the other, the principle of contractual freedom of the parties.

3. The law of treaties

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Ilias Bantekas ◽  
Efthymios Papastavridis
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Written Form ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter examines the rules of international law governing the birth, the life, and the death of treaties. Treaties, a formal source of international law, are agreements in written form between States or international organizations that are subject to international law. A treaty falls under the definition of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT) no matter what form or title it may have. The most important factor is that it sets out obligations or entitlements under international law. The VCLT enumerates the rules governing the ‘birth’, i.e. the steps from the negotiation until the entry into force of the treaty; the ‘life’, i.e. the interpretation and application of the treaty; and its ‘demise’, i.e. its termination. The two fundamental tenets are, on the one hand, the principle ‘pacta sunt servanda’ and, on the other, the principle of contractual freedom of the parties.

Vacant inheritance, heirless inheritance and claims from Warsaw Decree (part II)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-28
Author(s):  
Kamil Zaradkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Civil Code ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Law ◽  
Post War ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The second part of the article concerns the interpretation and application in the central parts of Poland of the provisions of the Napoleonic Code on vacant inheritances. The Code does not provide a definition of the vacant inheritance. The key to the interpretation of the provisions on the acquisition of vacant inheritances by the state is the term “is presumed to be” (a vacant inheritance) used in the former Article 811 of the Napoleonic Code (French: est réputée vacante), see the current Article 809 of the French Civil Code which omits the term “is presumed to be”).This indicates that, in the absence of suitable heirs, the law introduced a specific rebuttable presumption of a vacant inheritance, belonging to the state. Only after an appropriate period of time did the presumption turn into certainty, i.e. it resulted in the inability to invoke the inheritance title. In practice, this meant that thirty years after the time necessary to draw up an inventory of the inheritance and to deliberate (ad deliberandum), the inheritance ultimately fell to the State. The mechanism adopted in the Napoleonic Code made it possible, on the one hand, for the heir to acquire the inheritance, which remained under the supervision of a curator for the period when it was presumed vacant, and on the other hand, it prevented the existence of inheritances without a claimant, i.e. inheritances devoid of the persons entitled to take them over. In the post-war period, when the communist authorities passed subsequent legal acts concerning the provisions of the inheritance law, the deadlines for heirs to apply for inheritance changed. Ultimately, the legislator did not adopt the model of vacant inheritances in the regulations harmonising the inheritance law on the Polish lands since 1947; instead, a solution analogous to the one provided for in the German Civil Code of 1986 (BGB) was adopted. The “shortening” of the statute of limitations also influenced the assessment of the admissibility of further application of the provisions of the Napoleonic Code in regard to vacant inheritances during the period of the People’s Republic of Poland regime (despite the existence of different inheritance law solutions).

3. The law of treaties

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Bantekas ◽  
Efthymios Papastavridis
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Written Form ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter examines the rules of international law governing the birth, the life, and the death of treaties. Treaties, a formal source of international law, are agreements in written form between States or international organizations that are subject to international law. A treaty falls under the definition of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT) no matter what form or title it may have. The most important factor is that it sets out obligations or entitlements under international law. The VCLT enumerates the rules governing the ‘birth’, i.e. the steps from the negotiation until the entry into force of the treaty; the ‘life’, i.e. the interpretation and application of the treaty; and its ‘demise’, i.e. its termination. The two fundamental tenets are on the one hand, the principle ‘pacta sunt servanda’ and on the other, the principle of contractual freedom of the parties.

The Constitutional Position of the Partito Nazionale Fascista

1937 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-242
Author(s):  
H. Arthur Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Theory ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Indirect Reference

In the one-party states, of which the U.S.S.R., Germany, and Italy may be taken as the best examples, the definition of relationships between the party and the state has presented a major problem of constitutional theory. No two of these states have solved the problem in the same way. The C.P.S.U., engineering the dictatorship of the proletariat, depends upon methods which are constitutionally indirect. Only in the Commission for Soviet Control is there a constitutionalized inter-relationship between the mechanisms of the party and the state; for the rest, the party relies upon its political discipline over the public personnel. Indirect reference to the Communist party is contained in the new Soviet constitution, in the guarantee to citizens of the right of “uniting in the Communist party of the U.S.S.R.,” and in the incorporation of the hammer and sickle and the slogan of the party into the emblem of the state. On the other hand, the Nazi régime in Germany prohibited the formation of other parties than the N.S.D.A.P. by the law of July 14, 1933, and, by the law of December 1, 1933, proclaimed the formal union of the party and the state.

scholarly journals Juvenile justice: certain aspects of its understanding

2021 ◽  
pp. 274-278
Author(s):  
N.I. Ustrytsʹka ◽  
Z.F. Dilʹna
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
The Law ◽  
Rights And Interests ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The article is devoted to the concept of justice for children. Doctrinal provisions on the understanding of juvenile justice in a broad and narrow aspect are considered. It has been studied that juvenile justice will make it possible to create the best environment for children, to protect their rights and interests. It has been established that juvenile justice covers children on the one hand, and an extensive system of public authorities on the other, whose functional duty is to protect and ensure the rights and interests of children. It is considered that juvenile justice covers a certain category of persons under the age of 18, namely children (minors and minors) who are at risk or in conflict with the law, as well as children in contact with the law - child victims of delinquency. , children witnesses of a criminal offense. Equally important is ensuring the rights and interests of children in need of state protection and support. It is investigated that the subject of justice for children are bodies and services whose activities are aimed at protecting and ensuring the rights of children, special institutions and institutions of social protection for children. An important role is given to the improvement of law enforcement and judicial systems in the aspect of juvenile justice. It is emphasized that the effective functioning of juvenile justice requires the interaction and coordination of its subjects. Therefore, it is necessary that the system of subjects of justice for children be clear with the definition of the competence of each of the subjects, stable, and have a coordinating center. It has been established that the system of juvenile justice subjects needs further reform. First of all, this concerns the problems of reforming the child-friendly justice system. After all, today the specialization of judges authorized to conduct criminal proceedings against minors can be considered only as additional functional powers. It is also noted that the institute of juvenile prosecutor's office is at the stage of formation and formation taking into account its functions and tasks.

of Konon and Ktesias makes more sense if Ariston on his first encounter with Ktesias had done or said something (he and Phanostratos outnum bered Ktesias) to provoke the attack. Ariston may not be quite the innocent he would have us believe. There may be some truth in Konon’s presentation of Ariston and Ktesias as members of rival gangs. CASE VII: ISOKRATES 20 – AGAINST LOCHITES The present case concerns an alleged assault. As in Dem. 54 (Case VI) we have here the private action (dike aikeias); this is clear both from the opening, where the emphasis on the first to strike reflects the definition of the offence in the wording of the law, and the reference in §19 to what appears to be assessment of damages to be paid to the victim, which suggests the private suit. If this is a real speech, and not a rhetorical exercise in argumentation, it is incomplete; what survives is the proof section, the narrative being omitted. The speech postdates the restoration of the democracy. The rhetorical use made of experiences under the Thirty suggests that events are relatively recent; but memories were long; Aischines (2.78, not in this volume) could still capitalize on his father’s loyalty to the democratic cause sixty years after the restoration. . . . [1] The fact that Lochites struck me, and was the one who began the violence, has been attested to you by all who were present. You should not regard this offence as on a par with others, nor should the penalties for crimes against the person and those against property be the same. For you know that physical safety is of personal concern to all mankind and that it is with this end in view that we have made our laws, we fight for freedom, desire democracy, and carry out all the other activities in our lives. So it is reasonable for you to impose the most severe penalty on people who commit offences in an area which you consider of the utmost importance. [2] You will find that our lawmakers also took physical safety especially seriously. First of all, this is the only offence for which they made both private and public actions exempt from the court deposit, so that each of us would be able to secure the punishment of wrongdoers to the best of his ability and according to his wish. Secondly, in the case of other suits the offender is liable to prosecution only by the victim in person, while in the matter of outrage, because the act is of public concern, it is open to any citizen to enter an

2002 ◽  
pp. 105-105
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Personal Concern ◽  
Private Action ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Severe Penalty

Criminalizing Sex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart P. Green
Keyword(s):  
Sex Trafficking ◽  
Statutory Rape ◽  
Liberal State ◽  
Sexual Offenses ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sexual Conduct ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

Starting in the latter part of the twentieth century, the law of sexual offenses, especially in the West, began to reflect a striking divergence. On the one hand, the law became significantly more punitive in its approach to sexual conduct that is nonconsensual, as evidenced by a major expansion in the definition of rape and sexual assault and the creation of new offenses such as sex trafficking, child grooming, and revenge porn. On the other hand, it became markedly more permissive in how it dealt with conduct that is consensual, a trend that can be seen, for example, in the legalization or decriminalization of sodomy, adultery, and adult pornography. This book explores the conceptual and normative implications of this divergence. In doing so, it assumes that the proper role of the criminal law in a liberal state is to protect individuals in their right not to be subjected to sexual contact against their will, while also safeguarding their right to engage in (private, consensual) sexual conduct in which they do wish to participate. Although consistent in the abstract, these dual aims frequently come into conflict in practice. The book develops a framework for harmonizing these goals in the context of a wide range of nonconsensual, consensual, and aconsensual sexual offenses (hence the “unified” nature of the theory)—including rape as nonconsensual sex, rape by deceit, rape by coercion, rape of a person who lacks capacity to consent, statutory rape, abuse of position, sexual harassment, voyeurism, indecent exposure, incest, sadomasochistic assault, prostitution, bestiality, and necrophilia.

scholarly journals The impact of the transformation and merger of the one-person company with limited liability on her legal personality

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 271-287
Author(s):  
Abdallah Hameed Al Ghuwairi ◽  
Abdulwahab Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Limited Liability ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study discussed the legal texts that treat the conversion and merger of one-person limited liability company, which is considered as a type of limited liability company and subject to its provisions. Jordanian law regulates the provisions relating to the conversion of the company in articles, the law defines the form in which a limited liability company may be referred to in article, “a public shareholding company”. The study discussed the definition of the transfer of the company, the required conditions and the procedures and effects of the transfer to the others and creditors, and also dealt with articles which relating of merger provisions, and the concept of merge was defined, the conditions and  methods in which it is carried out and its procedures and the objection  there to has been  identified as challenging its invalidity and the legal effects that it entails. The researcher followed the descriptive method and analyzed and compared texts dealing with the conversion and merger of the one-person company with limited liability. The study focused on the impact of conversion and merger on the legal personality of the company. The study was divided into two sections, and each section was divided into three demands, and concluded the study by presenting a set of recommendations.

scholarly journals DIVERSITY IN VERBALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT UNIVERSITY IN THE ENGLISH EDUCATIONAL DISCOURSE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Alla Anisimova ◽  
Maria Dobrushyna
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
English Language ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Educational Discourse ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Uk

This article discusses the diversity in verbalization of the concept UNIVERSITY in the English educational discourse. The definition of the notions “concept”, “educational discourse” have been revealed through cognitive linguistics. The analysis is based on the most common variants of the English language – British and American. The research has been conducted on the basis of the educational discourse of the leading universities of the UK and the USA, namely, 5 leading universities of the UK and 5 universities of the USA. In order to study the diversity in verbalization of the concept UNIVERSITY a frame structure has been chosen. This structure fully reflects the lexica‑and‑semantic features of the concept under study. The article presents a schematic view of the concept UNIVERSITY, where its components has been highlighted: subframes, slots and subslots. When examined the concept UNIVERSITY, component and conceptual analysis has been used, so that the vocabulary definitions of the verbalizers of the concept under study have been compared. The analysis has shown that the lexical unit “university” is a concept that includes a whole range of characteristics and associations. Different lexical units presented in the educational discourse have been examined on the basis of English-speakers’ perception. It has been stated that lexical‑and‑semantic structure of the concept UNIVERSITY is quite a complex and developed one. Significant differences in the use of lexical units that actualize the concept UNIVERSITY has been considered. The reason for this difference are linguocultural as well as historical features of the development of the two variants of the English language.

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