THE NATIONAL PECULIARITIES OF THE CONCEPTS HEART AND SOUL IN THE ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGY: A MULTILINGUAL ASPECT

The research is dedicated to the investigation of the national peculiarities of the concepts heart and soul in the English, German and Ukrainian phraseological worldviews.The examined lexicographic and phraseological sources reveal that the frequency of use of phraseological units with the concept heart is approximately the same in Ukrainian, English and German. Moreover, the phraseological units with the concept heart are widely used in all the three languages and can express a wide range of meanings, connected with the emotional and psychological state of a person and the qualitative and evaluative characteristic of a person, both positive and negative. Thus, the research shows that phraseological units that verbalize the concept heart form an extremely used layer in the Ukrainian, German and English phraseology. Investigation of the concept soul in the Ukrainian, English and German worldviews demonstrates that the human body is considered to be the form of human existence, the soul holder. So, in a figurative meaning, the heart can be the symbol of the soul, its center. Therefore, in the phraseological worldviews of the studied languages, human’s soul, as well as heart, can describe a variety of human feelings, emotions and character traits. The research shows that the English language is not as rich in phraseological units that reflect the concept soul as the Ukrainian language. Thus, the greatest number of phraseological units actualizing the concept soul belongs to the Ukrainian phraseological heritage.

DIGITIZING ENGLISH LESSONS: INCORPORATING INTERACTIVE PLATFORMS INTO CLASSROOM EDUCATION

The article offers a general outline of particular online platforms that have proved effective for teaching and learning English as a second language in a regular classroom. A bigfocus is placed on activities each platform has to offer, as well as on various teacher access options and benefits. The idea behind this article is to share experience and disseminate success stories related to the use of these platform in our routine teaching practice. Since nowadays teaching focus has shifted from reproduction to competence acquisition, every competence implies certain skills and abilities that can be used for career and life success. One of these key competences is digital literacy, which can be developed through integrating technology into classroom activities. Alongside gaining appropriate digital skills, digital technology can significantly diversify the entire learning process and make language learning a combination of skills acquisition and pleasure.

THE SEMANTIC STRUCTURE OF THE NOMINATIVE FIELD OF THE CONCEPT LANGUAGE POLICY

The peculiarities of the semantic structure of the lexical unit language policy in the framework of the nominative field of the concept LANGUAGE POLICY have been considered.The definition of the term «nominative field» has been given, the types of nominations have been specified, the stages of constructing the nominative field of the concept have been determined. It is stated that the nominative field of the concept contains both direct nominations of the concept and nominations of cognitive signs. It is established that one of the key stages of constructing a nominative field is conducting a component analysis of the concept. During the analysis of definitions their variety has been obtained from linguistic and non-linguistic Ukrainian, Russian and English sources. It is determined that, defining the phenomenon under study, researchers describe one and the same notion with the help of different definitions. Eight lexical-and-semantic variants have been identified that make up the semantic structure of the concept LANGUAGE POLICY. The semantic structure of the concept LANGUAGE POLICY has been found to be polysemantic, and all lexical-and-semantic variants complement each other. Within each lexical-and-semantic variant, its hierarchical structure has been established: the archiseme, the differential semes and the potential semes have been identified. The semantic structure of the lexical unit language policy has been presented in the form of ordered sets of semes – sememes.

SOME PECULIARITIES OF S. LEACOCK’S SHORT-STORY «THE MAN IN ASBESTOS: AN ALLEGORY OF THE FUTURE» TRANSLATION INTO UKRAINIAN

The role of S. Leacock as a representative of English-Canadian literature and peculiarities of his creative works are given in the article. The peculiarities of the literary translation which aim is to reflect ideas, feelings transforming the author’s images with the help of another language material, the main features that make it different from a classical one were stated. The scholars who scrutinize the problems of a literary text translation in the contemporary linguistics was found out. The differences between the original text of S. Leacock’s short-story «The Man in Asbestos: an Allegory of the Future» and the text of translation and its translation by A. Yevsa were analyzed in the article. The translation can be called adequate as some change of content of the original text by the target language means did not impact into general perception of the short-story in its translation. The translator conveys the author’s ideas provoking reader’s reaction to the story. A. Yevsa preserved its content, the system of images and the author’s style, emotional atmosphere and plot identity of the original text and the choice of linguo-stylistic devices used in the original text. General peculiarities of the translation into Ukrainian, main grammar and lexical transformations used by A. Yevsa were marked, among which are generalization, concretization, compensation, semantic development and combination of sentences prevail.

LANGUAGE ACTUALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT FAUNA IN THE MULTILINGUAL PHRASEOLOGICAL WORLDVIEW

The article gives the definition of a notion «concept» and presents its main interpretations in modern linguistic science. This article also describes the notion of «phraseologicalworldview» and its relation to the notion «concept». Based on the selected phraseological units that actualize the concept FAUNA in three languages – English, Spanish and Ukrainian, their analysis, comparison and classification were carried out. This allowed us to prove that the language actualization of the concept FAUNA, which is based on the material of the English, Spanish and Ukrainian phraseological units, is associated with the identification of national characteristics of the researched cultures. The peculiarities of the phraseological worldview of a particular language are influenced by linguistic and cultural factors, geographical location, customs and traditions of the country. Together with the peculiarities of the world perception of British, Spanish and Ukrainian people, these factors influence the language organization, human traits, ideas and meanings that are embedded in the concepts of various animals. In the course of the research, the main different and common features of the language actualization of the concept FAUNA in English, Spanish and Ukrainian phraseological worldviews have been discovered.

DIDGITALIZATION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Education is a determining factor in the socio-economic development of the information society. Digitalization is gradually reforming all spheres of life, and most actively, theeducational system. Today, there is a clear need to learn foreign languages, and the use of digital tools in teaching is a new trend in education. Educational technologies go beyond the usual multimedia tools, as the current generation of students has challenged educators to use cutting-edge channels of communication with young people to co-create educational content on existing networks. Gamification of tasks, virtual classrooms, online courses have become a reality, so the teacher is obliged to engage them as effectively as possible in the educational process in higher educational institutions.

LIFE LONG ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING AND ITS ROLE IN FORMING MULTILINGUAL MIND: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE

In the focus of attention in the article are challenges of multilingual education reflected through the prism of prominent European multilingual universities’ experience. Crucial issue considered is whether they aim to develop a multilingual and multicultural competence in all students or a considerable part of the student population, or whether they allow students to follow a monolingual programme in the context of a multilingual university environment. The higher demand for international mobility among students and staff is one more incentive to adapt the educational programme at least in part and open it to other target groups, supported by a more heterogeneous staff. It is common knowledge that many European universities have parallel programmes in English and native languages, which aim at separate student groups. At the same time there are those which integrate programmes and expect their students to follow at least part of their studies in both languages. The main difficulty for the latter is the case of how to prepare a shift in language of instruction. This is the problem all universities with different languages at undergraduate and master’s level have to face, and there is no easy solution. One step towards lessening tension is the «early start direction»: a renovation in views to primary school education. As far as the academy itself is concerned, the increasingly dominant role of English in research makes it necessary to add English as a language of instruction. Without English as a lingua franca there would be much less communication and mutual understanding amongst Europeans today.

«HAMLET» BY WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE IN THE TRANSLATION AND CREATIVE UNDERSTANDING OF THE UKRAINIAN WRITERS OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

The article is devoted to a detailed analysis of the translations of the tragedy «Hamlet» by William Shakespeare in the context of the aesthetic views of Ukrainian writers of the nineteenth century. The idea that synchronous and diachronic consideration of the literary evolution of Hamlet’s image demonstrates the emergence of Hamletism as a certain aesthetic category is justified. A comparative analysis of the translations of Hamlet by Ukrainian authors was carried out. On the basis of research, it is established that the translator, as well as the reader, finds itself «between» texts of different cultures and literatures, that is, in a situation of complete uncertainty, cultural «border», by performing a double hermeneutic act of «decoding» «one’s» and «another’s» tradition available in the original and in its translation. The author concludes that Shakespeare at the world-philosophical level was close to the Ukrainian translators of the XIX century: the writers considered in Shakespeare’s works a timeless universality and a prehistoric dimension of the human personality, a peculiar human «monad», which can be different in different ways. It was observed that Ukrainian translators are united not only by language innovation, the attraction of deep layers of the Ukrainian language, but also the sole purpose – the cultural revival of the state through the revival of the language.

WORDPLAY IN DICKENS’S NOVELS AND WAYS OF THEIR TRANSLATION

The article deals with the general problem of wordplay and its translation. The relevance of the problem is accounted for by the powerful role of wordplay or puns in creating in special artistic atmosphere of any belle-letter sample and difficulties in its translating. The novels by Ch. Dickens have drawn attention of hundreds, if not thousands, researchers. A greater part of them pays attention to the literary side; the papers dealing with his language are quite versatile as well. But we have not yet met the comprehensive description and classification of Dickens’s puns. The aim of our paper is to classify cases of wordplay in the novels by Ch. Dickens and some possible ways of their translation. To achieve this aim we solved the following tasks: a) to choose a reliable definition of wordplay, or pun; b) to create a set of examples taken from Dickens’ novels and their translation into Russian and Ukrainian which are available at the site Gutenberg Project (https://www.gutenberg.org); c) to classify the puns; d) to analyze ways of their translation. The translation of puns is a really great problem and there exist different ways of solving it. Having analyzed Dickens’ puns and wordplay we can summarize that these ones can be subdivided into personal and common; alphabetical, morphemic and word; homonymic, patronymic and polysemantic. The correlation between puns in the original and translation can be described as their direct relation (pun – pun), asymmetric relation (pun – no pun; no pun – pun) and extralinguistic additions. The prospects of our investigation are connected with the study of Dickens’ art of creating individual manner of speech.

ОN ONE FORM OF POETOLOGICAL REFLEXIVITY IN LYRICS OF GILLIAN ALLNUTT, CAROL ANN DUFFY, SIMON ARMITAGE

The aim of this paper was to consider one form of poetological reflexivity connected with the interaction of poetry with non-poetic discourses in the context of contemporary culture. Poetological reflexivity is understood here as foregrounding in poetry author’s contemplations dealing with the creative process, including such philological aspects as aesthetic criteria, normative cannons, relationship with the art of predecessors, interpretation of language expressive means, stylistic devices, poetic techniques (meter, rhyme, stanza, rhythmic modifiers) and others, incorporated into the texture of a poem. Such poems are often referred to as «metapoetic lyrics» or «metapoetry». Three poems by Gillian Allnutt, Carol Ann Duffy and Simon Armitage were analyzed from the point of view of language signs actualizing authors’ reflexivity concerning the relationship between poetic and non-poetic discourses. This problem, which has always been in the center of poets’ attention became especially acute today in the context of expanding mass media. The analysis of the poems revealed verbal and nonverbal markers of their authors’ reflexivity connected with the use of language means and discourse strategies of nonfiction registers, which appeared to be a productive resource for enrichment of poetic speech. These markers manifest themselves in a different way however all of them can be coordinated with their metapoetic function – expression of their authors’ understanding of poetry specifics.