scholarly journals Cultural code and cognitive functions of Turkish Cyrillic

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Mamed Dzhakypovich Tagaev
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Writing Systems ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Cultural Code ◽  
Revolutionary Period

Using the example of the Kyrgyz language the article aims to prove that the graphic that has been established and has been operating for a sufficiently long time in this ethnic group as a way of storing information, performing cognitive functions, becomes an integral part of the mental state of a person and the cultural code of a nation. This issue is considered in the historical and cultural aspect, reflecting the stages of reforming the graphics of the Kyrgyz language and the replacement of one writing system with another. Previous writing systems (Arabic and Latin), that used to operate for a relatively short period of time, remained alien to the way of life and the linguistic picture of the world that prevailed among the Kyrgyz in the post-revolutionary period. In the 20s, the Kyrgyz made a dizzying leap from the Middle Ages to the Eurasian reality represented by the Russian world. The values of world civilization, new concepts and terms entered the life of the Kyrgyz through the Russian language and its graphics, which was adopted in 1940. For the modern Kyrgyz, the leanings and concepts of the surrounding reality were established in Cyrillic characters, which continue to be a form of linguistic existence of a person, and the Cyrillic itself has become the cultural code of the Kyrgyz nation for 80 years of its use. Under these conditions, the transition to the Latin alphabet after the example of other countries of Central Asia can have disastrous consequences for Kyrgyzstan.

scholarly journals OLD BELIEVERS OF ROMANIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY: NEW CHALLENGES TO OLD TRADITIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Inikova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
European Values ◽  
Middle Generation ◽  
The Russian Language

Russian Old believes – Lipovans – have always been part of the Russian world, the guardians of the old Orthodox faith and Russian culture. For a long time, they managed to maintain a religious and cultural distance from the rest of the Romania’s population and to restrain the pace of inevitable assimilation. Over the past thirty years, cultural globalisation has become the new tremendous threat. The article, written on the materials of the expeditions to the Romanian Lipovans conducted in 2009–2019, shows how radically the life of the Lipovans changed after the revolution of 1989, and especially after Romania had joined the European Union. Migration of able-bodied Lipovans abroad changes their way of life, affects the level of religiosity, contributes to the assimilation of European values and objectively leads to the undermining of the foundations of the Оld believers’ Church. Children, young people and the most of the middle generation, have been included in the Romanian-European information space, and this group sees complete loss of the Russian language. At the same time, the Lipovans of the older generation and other part of the middle generation are trying to stay within the traditional way of life and to keep the Russian language in communication. This situation leads to the loss of continuity and the termination of the reproduction of Russian culture in the Lipovan’s diaspora, to the rejection of the identity.

scholarly journals Problems of Spanish culture periodization and determination

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
K. Gorshkova
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Uneven Development ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Code ◽  
Culture Development

This article examines the specificity of the formation of the culture of Spain, which is determined by its unique complex historical fate. The Iberian Peninsula was inhabited by various peoples, which determined the vector of the formation of Spanish culture as a mixture of mutually influencing cultures.The European culture traditional periodization, describing Western European countries' culture development, passing through Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, Romanticism, the era of cultural and historical change, Modern and Postmodern, does not work on Spanish cultural material.The complexity, uneven development of the history of Spain, the history of Spanish culture for a long time left aside fundamentally important issues - Spanish culture specific culturalfeatures definition, that create its unique cultural code.

scholarly journals Development of COVID-19 vaccines utilizing gene therapy technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironori Nakagami
Keyword(s):  
Viral Vectors ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Adenovirus Vector ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Long Time

Abstract There is currently an outbreak of respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Individuals with COVID-19 have symptoms that are usually asymptomatic or mild in most initial cases. However, in some cases, moderate and severe symptoms have been observed with pneumonia. Many companies are developing COVID-19 vaccine candidates using different technologies that are classified into four groups (intact target viruses, proteins, viral vectors and nucleic acids). For rapid development, RNA vaccines and adenovirus vector vaccines have been urgently approved, and their injection has already started across the world. These types of vaccine technologies have been developed over more than 20 years using translational research for use against cancer or diseases caused by genetic disorders but the COVID-19 vaccines are the first licensed drugs to prevent infectious diseases using RNA vaccine technology. Although these vaccines are highly effective in preventing COVID-19 for a short period, safety and efficiency evaluations should be continuously monitored over a long time period. As the time of writing, more than 10 projects are now in phase 3 to evaluate the prevention of infection in double-blind studies. Hopefully, several projects may be approved to ensure high-efficiency and safe vaccines.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ERGONOMIC ON WORKING FROM HOME ACTIVITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Imtihan Hanom ◽  
Rachel Aleyda Rozefy ◽  
Hilmiyani Taqiyyah Filasta
Keyword(s):  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Employee Safety ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Flexibility

Work From Home (WFH) is a system chosen by the government in 2020 due to the spread of the Corona virus, with this system it is hoped that it can maintain social distance, namely reducing people's mobility, maintaining physical distance, and reducing crowds so that it is expected to reduce the risk of corona virus transmission. and employee safety. The WFH system has high flexibility, this is to support employee balance between work and life. The work system that changed to WFH in a short period of time made workers experience stressful conditions such as feelings of anxiety or worry for a long time, especially when they lived under the same roof with many people. In carrying out WFH, workers need a comfortable place to work to help focus on work. One of the things that play a role in creating a sense of comfort when working is the application of ergonomic rules. This study looks for any variables that can affect WFH activities and which variables most affect WFH activities. The application of ergonomics, especially macro ergonomics in WFH activities, is considered appropriate to be able to solve various problems in WFH activities. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method by conducting a study through distributing questionnaires to respondents who are doing WFH. From the results of the study, it was found that the comfort of workers in carrying out WFH activities is closely related to ergonomics in a residential house. The results of this study can be used as a reference for designing a suitable workspace for WFH activities, and as a reference for further research with a similar focus of study. Keyword: Interior, Ergonomic, Working From Home

scholarly journals Introdução a história da educação especial

2016 ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Zilma Aparecida dos Santos Soares ◽  
Ana Lídia Pateis Patez
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Education History ◽  
Inclusive Process ◽  
Exclusive Process ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Privileged Class ◽  
Teaching Learning

INTRODUÇÃO: Esse trabalho, propôs-se a realizar um breve levantamento sobre a História da Educação Especial e Inclusão em épocas e contextos diferentes: tempos primitivos, idade média, moderna, contemporânea…A história através da literatura, nos traz algumas revelações. No Egito antigo, por exemplo, há mais de cinco mil anos, muitas pessoas com deficiências, faziam parte da classe privilegiada: faraós, nobres, altos funcionários, artesãos, agricultores, e até escravos. As artes egípcias, deixam claras essas informações, sejam pelas construções (pirâmides), túmulos, múmias…MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Embasamos e fundamentamos nosso estudo, em bibliografias, audição de entrevistas, ¨sites¨, etc. RESULTADOS e DISCUSSÃO: O processo inclusivo-exclusivo, há muito existe e continua sendo temas de ¨combates¨, nos campos: dialógico (Freire) bem como nos debates legalistas dos três poderes: Executivo, Legislativo, Judiciário (políticos jurídicos). Agradecimento: SobreTudo: Deus. Família. Àqueles que direta e/ou indiretamente contribuem a cada dia no processo de aprendizagem-ensino-aprendizagem. À Adm Predial/FE/Unicamp, pelo apoio. Ao VI SIMTEC/GGBS por mais essa oportunidade. Conclusão: Percebe-se no entanto, como relata Odom e Diamond (1998, p. 5), ̈não há uma definição comum sobre inclusão ̈. Dentre os pontos positivos: as discussões/reflexões relacionadas ao processo inclusivo, têm despertado a atenção da sociedade para a importância de pôr em prática os direitos dessa população, por séculos negados. Referências: SANTOS, Z.A., PATEIS. A.L. - Anais do IV SIMTEC - Simpósio de Profissionais da Unicamp: Conhecimento e experiência: reconhecendo fronteiras e construindo pontes. Título: Acessibilidade e a pessoa com deficiência: qual o seu olhar? 6 e 7 de novembro de 2012. Campinas, SP.Abstract: Introduction: This work proposed to carry out a brief survey on the Special Education and Inclusion&";s History in different times and contexts: primitive times, middle ages, modern ages, contemporary ages... The history through literature bring us some revelations. In the Ancient Egypt, for example, more than 5,000 years ago, many people with disabilities were part of the privileged class: pharaohs, nobles, high officials, artisans, farmers, and even slaves. The Egyptian arts make this information clear, whether by buildings (pyramids), tombs, mummies... MATERIALS AND METHODS. We based and grounded our study in bibliographies, interview listening, websites, etc. RESULTS and DISCUSSION: The inclusive-exclusive process exists for a long time and keep on being topic of "fights" in fields: dialogic (Freire) as well as the legalistic debates of three powers: Executive, Legislative, Judiciary (legal politics). Thank You: Especially: God. Family. To those who directly and/or indirectly contribute every day to the learning-teaching-learning process. To building administration/FE/Unicamp, by the support. To VI SIMTEC/GGBS for one more opportunity. Conclusion: We can observe, though, as reported by Odom and Diamond (1998, page 5), "there is no common definition about inclusion". Among the positive points: the discussions/reflections related to the inclusive process have awakened the society&";s attention for the importance of putting into practice this population&";s rights, denied for centuries. References: SANTOS, Z.A., PATEIS. A.L. - Anais do IV SIMTEC - Simpósio de Profissionais da Unicamp: Conhecimento e experiência: reconhecendo fronteiras e construindo pontes. Título: Acessibilidade e a pessoa com deficiência: qual o seu olhar? November 6-7, 2012. Campinas, SP.Keywords: SPECIAL EDUCATION HISTORY/INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION/EDUCATIVE PRACTICES 

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Paul Walker
Keyword(s):  
Structural Foundation ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Art Music ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gregorian Chant ◽  
Fundamental Level ◽  
Western Art ◽  
High Middle Ages ◽  
Long Time

Western art music developed at the most fundamental level out of the desire to elaborate on and heighten the body of Gregorian Chant that lay at its heart. As this development unfolded, musicians settled on a scheme to slow the chant down, place it at the bottom of, or later within, a polyphonic texture, and adorn it with their own musical ideas and inventions. Such a long-note cantus firmus served as the foundation of sophisticated composition for an astonishingly long time; indeed, thanks to Johann Joseph Fux, one could say that it has never entirely disappeared from compositional engagement. By the end of the fifteenth century, musicians had been laying out their most sophisticated music, whether improvised or composed, on top of and surrounding such a cantus firmus since at least the high Middle Ages, and this music thus had its structural foundation largely determined for it at the pre-compositional stage. The musicians’ goal, then, was to adorn this foundation with all of the variety they could provide....

scholarly journals On the Hecuba gap

1996 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ferraz-Mello
Keyword(s):  
Short Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Hecuba Gap

An asteroid captured in the Hecuba gap (2/1 resonance with Jupiter) may remain there for a long time before escaping. However, the study of the diffusion of orbits in the gap indicates an escape timescale in the range 107–109 years. The short-period perturbations of Jupiter's orbit play a determinant role in the creation of the stochasticity responsible for the escape.

Long-Time Care in a Public Child-Placing Agency

1951 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Mitchell Wires
Keyword(s):  
Foster Parents ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Long Time

Whether a child is with us for long-time care or for a short period only, our success in meeting his needs will stem from the same essentials: a recognition and acceptance, on the part of both parents and agency, of (1) the need for placement, the reasons therefor, and the probable period of care; (2) the continuing meaning and importance of parents to their children and of children to their parents; (3) the problems attendant upon separation for all concerned. We also need to require of ourselves recognition and acceptance of the important role played by the foster parents, of the difficulties inherent therein, and of our obligation to provide the foster parents not only with casework help and support but to keep them currently aware of the developments and changes in agency practice and philosophy as these affect them.

Londoners and London Mendicants in the Late Middle Ages

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Röhrkasten
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The People ◽  
General Answer

Much attention has been paid to the role and functions of the mendicant orders in their urban environment. Among the topics discussed have been the friars' importance for urban development, their coexistence with other religious institutions, their economic practices and their relations with the secular authorities. As far as their spiritual and social significance is concerned their spectacular success and rapid development in the thirteenth century are generally accepted. There were some setbacks, particularly in towns where the Dominicans or Franciscans became involved in the suppression of heresy, but these had little impact on the rapid expansion of the orders. Members from all social groups, academics as well as aristocrats, merchants and artisans as well as the poor, felt the attraction of their sermons and way of life, some to such an extent that they decided to join one of the orders. But while the attraction of the mendicant ideal in the decades following the friars' arrival is undisputed, the problem of their importance for the religious life of the late medieval urban population is far more difficult to discuss. While there are assertions that the friars remained particularly popular, the orders' decline and their need of reform were already obvious in the fourteenth century and the various efforts to bring about a reinvigoration confirm this impression. In the fifteenth century famous mendicant preachers from Vincent Ferrer and Bernardino of Siena to Girolamo Savonarola attracted large crowds in many parts of Europe, but was this indicative of the population's general attitude towards the orders? Were the mendicants still perceived by the people as responding to their spiritual needs? How did the public react to signs of decadence, to disputes among the brothers? A general answer to such questions needs to be based on a large number of local studies and this is still a task for the future.

scholarly journals IV.—On the Series of Wall Paintings in the Church of St. Mary, Guildford

Archaeologia ◽  
1885 ◽  
Vol 49 (01) ◽  
pp. 199-212
Author(s):  
John Green Waller
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Religious Art ◽  
Wall Paintings ◽  
The North ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Church ◽  
Old Friends ◽  
New Discovery ◽  
The Middle Ages

The Series of Paintings on the vault of the apse to the north aisle of St. Mary's Church, Guildford, unlike so many which have exercised our attention for a long time past, are of no new discovery, but were disclosed as far back as 1825. In 1838, they were described, and a solution proposed by my old friends, Edward John Carlos and John Gough Nichols, in theArchaeologia, vol. XXVII. p. 413. There are no two names which recall to me more reverent associations than those of the friends I have mentioned. Mr. Carlos was my master in archaeology, and Mr. Nichols's services are well known to this Society. But at the time they wrote little or nothing was known of the popular religious art of the Middle Ages. Didron had but begun his researches, and Maury had not written at all; whilst, in this country, whitewash still covered most of the walls of our churches. Therefore it is not a matter of surprise that their attempted solution is inaccurate, nor have those who have followed them been more fortunate. Guesses have been vaguely made, always an unsure process, for there is nothing more likely to deceive than attempts to find out the meaning of a subject without any principle to go upon: it is like a voyage upon an unknown sea, without rudder or compass. In fact, the subjects I am about to explain, are exceedingly obscure until the clue is obtained; and, at one time, I feared I must have confessed my ignorance, though not admitting the accuracy of the solution given by my friends. They are unique to my experience, and especially curious in the manner in which they are associated together.

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