Models of Functional Dependencies of Elements in Sequences for Solving Problems of Control and Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 579-588
Author(s):  
V. A. Tverdokhlebov

In paper developed version of the basic concepts, models and methods for the formulation and solution of problems of control and diagnosing of processes in systems, tasks of constructing models of processes in which the causal relationships of events are transformed into functional dependencies between elements in sequences, problems of formalizing of process control rules, etc. For this extended classical recurrent definition of the sequences, which presents the functional elements depending on the immediately preceding to them m elements to offered Z-recurrent definition, which defines the functional relationship between sets of elements in the sequence. The orders of Z-recurrent forms have the form of a set of numbers and are convenient for accurate and complete characterization of the connections of events in processes. The tasks of control, diagnosing, constructing new models of processes, assessing the complexity of processes and rules for managing processes can be formulated and solved using numerical indicators of Z-recurrent definitions. A classification of Z-recurrent definitions of sequences and a classification of processes are constructed, an algorithm for checking the feasibility of determining a Z-recurrent form for given sequences of form is developed. The Z-recurrent definition of sequence is complemented by the Z-recurrent sequence pattern method, which includes: introducing a linear order on the base set of sequence elements, constructing an image for the sequence in the form of a sequence of executing or non-executing relationships between the elements represented by a linear order, and applying Z-recurrent definitions to the constructed image of the sequence. The problem on which the solution of the considered problems is based is the recognition of two sequences by properties, which are determined by the indicators of Z-recurrent definitions of sequences, which have the form of orders of Z-recurrent forms. Sets of orders in executing or non-executing Z-recurrent forms characterize the sequences and the analyzed sets of sequences, which allows you to set and solve problems related to system management: problems of control and diagnosing of processes in the system, problems of constructing process models, problems of formalizing and complexity estimation of control rules of processes.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-388
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Sevilla ◽  
Andrea Valdés-Hernández ◽  
Alan J. Barrios

We perform a comprehensive analysis of the set of parameters {ri} that provide the energy distribution of pure qutrits that evolve towards a distinguishable state at a finite time τ, when evolving under an arbitrary and time-independent Hamiltonian. The orthogonality condition is exactly solved, revealing a non-trivial interrelation between τ and the energy spectrum and allowing the classification of {ri} into families organized in a 2-simplex, δ2. Furthermore, the states determined by {ri} are likewise analyzed according to their quantum-speed limit. Namely, we construct a map that distinguishes those ris in δ2 correspondent to states whose orthogonality time is limited by the Mandelstam–Tamm bound from those restricted by the Margolus–Levitin one. Our results offer a complete characterization of the physical quantities that become relevant in both the preparation and study of the dynamics of three-level states evolving towards orthogonality.


2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 1049-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Atencio ◽  
Marcelo B. Andrade ◽  
Luca Bindi ◽  
Paola Bonazzi ◽  
Matteo Zoppi ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTThis study presents a complete characterization of kenoplumbomicrolite, (Pb,□)2Ta2O6[□,(OH),O], occurring in an amazonite pegmatite from Ploskaya Mountain, Western Keivy Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast, Northern Region, Russia.Kenoplumbomicrolite occurs in yellowish brown octahedral, cuboctahedral and massive crystals, up to 20 cm, has a white streak, a greasy lustre and is translucent. The Mohs hardness is ~6. Attempts to measure density (7.310–7.832 g/cm3) were affected by the ubiquitous presence of uraninite inclusions. Reflectance values were measured in air and immersed in oil. Kenoplumbocrolite is optically isotropic. The empirical formula is (Pb1.30□0.30Ca0.29Na0.08U0.03)Σ2.00(Ta0.82Nb0.62Si0.23Sn4+0.15Ti0.07Fe3+0.10Al0.01)Σ2.00O6[□0.52(OH)0.25O0.23]Σ1.00 (from the crystal used for the structural study) and (Pb1.33□0.66Mn0.01)Σ2.00(Ta0.87Nb0.72Sn4+0.18Fe3+0.11W0.08Ti0.04)Σ2.00O6[□0.80(OH)0.10O0.10]Σ1.00 (average including additional fragments). The mineral is cubic, space group Fd$\overline 3 $m. The unit-cell parameters refined from powder X-ray diffraction data are a = 10.575(2) Å and V = 1182.6(8) Å3, which are in accord with those obtained previously from a single crystal of a = 10.571(1) Å, V = 1181.3(2) Å3 and Z = 8. The mineral description and its name have been approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA2015-007a).


Author(s):  
Raffaele Di Gregorio ◽  
Alessandro Cammarata ◽  
Rosario Sinatra

The comparison of mechanisms with different topology or with different geometry, but with the same topology, is a necessary operation during the design of a machine sized for a given task. Therefore, tools that evaluate the dynamic performances of a mechanism are welcomed. This paper deals with the dynamic isotropy of 2-dof mechanisms starting from the definition introduced in a previous paper. In particular, starting from the condition that identifies the dynamically isotropic configurations, it shows that, provided some special cases are not considered, 2-dof mechanisms have at most a finite number of isotropic configurations. Moreover, it shows that, provided the dynamically isotropic configurations are excluded, the geometric locus of the configuration space that collects the points associated to configurations with the same dynamic isotropy is constituted by closed curves. This results will allow the classification of 2-dof mechanisms from the dynamic-isotropy point of view, and the definition of some methodologies for the characterization of the dynamic isotropy of these mechanisms. Finally, examples of applications of the obtained results will be given.


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 279-308
Author(s):  
Michael A. Burr ◽  
Drew J. Lipman

Determining whether an arbitrary subring [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is a normal or Cohen-Macaulay domain is, in general, a nontrivial problem, even in the special case of a monomial generated domain. We provide a complete characterization of the normality, normalizations, and Serre’s [Formula: see text] condition for quadratic-monomial generated domains. For a quadratic-monomial generated domain [Formula: see text], we develop a combinatorial structure that assigns, to each quadratic monomial of the ring, an edge in a mixed signed, directed graph [Formula: see text], i.e. a graph with signed edges and directed edges. We classify the normality and the normalizations of such rings in terms of a generalization of the combinatorial odd cycle condition on [Formula: see text]. We also generalize and simplify a combinatorial classification of Serre’s [Formula: see text] condition for such rings and construct non-Cohen–Macaulay rings.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Cavallo ◽  
Angelika Mohn ◽  
Francesco Chiarelli ◽  
Cosimo Giannini

Bone age represents a common index utilized in pediatric radiology and endocrinology departments worldwide for the definition of skeletal maturity for medical and non-medical purpose. It is defined by the age expressed in years that corresponds to the level of maturation of bones. Although several bones have been studied to better define bone age, the hand and wrist X-rays are the most used images. In fact, the images obtained by hand and wrist X-ray reflect the maturity of different types of bones of the skeletal segment evaluated. This information, associated to the characterization of the shape and changes of bone components configuration, represent an important factor of the biological maturation process of a subject. Bone age may be affected by several factors, including gender, nutrition, as well as metabolic, genetic, and social factors and either acute and chronic pathologies especially hormone alteration. As well several differences can be characterized according to the numerous standardized methods developed over the past decades. Therefore, the complete characterization of the main methods and procedure available and particularly of all their advantages and disadvantages need to be known in order to properly utilized this information for all its medical and non-medical main fields of application.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Osmin Ferrer ◽  
Luis Lazaro ◽  
Jorge Rodriguez

A definition of Bessel’s sequences in spaces with an indefinite metric is introduced as a generalization of Bessel’s sequences in Hilbert spaces. Moreover, a complete characterization of Bessel’s sequences in the Hilbert space associated to a space with an indefinite metric is given. The fundamental tools of Bessel’s sequences theory are described in the formalism of spaces with an indefinite metric. It is shown how to construct a Bessel’s sequences in spaces with an indefinite metric starting from a pair of Hilbert spaces, a condition is given to decompose a Bessel’s sequences into in spaces with an indefinite metric so that this decomposition generates a pair of Bessel’s sequences for the Hilbert spaces corresponding to the fundamental decomposition. In spaces where there was no norm, it seemed impossible to construct Bessel’s sequences. The fact that in [1] frame were constructed for Krein spaces motivated us to construct Bessel’s sequences for spaces of indefinite metric.


1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 227-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Bürger ◽  
Immanuel M. Bomze

A general model for the evolution of the frequency distribution of types in a population under mutation and selection is derived and investigated. The approach is sufficiently general to subsume classical models with a finite number of alleles, as well as models with a continuum of possible alleles as used in quantitative genetics. The dynamics of the corresponding probability distributions is governed by an integro-differential equation in the Banach space of Borel measures on a locally compact space. Existence and uniqueness of the solutions of the initial value problem is proved using basic semigroup theory. A complete characterization of the structure of stationary distributions is presented. Then, existence and uniqueness of stationary distributions is proved under mild conditions by applying operator theoretic generalizations of Perron–Frobenius theory. For an extension of Kingman's original house-of-cards model, a classification of possible stationary distributions is obtained.


1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Bürger ◽  
Immanuel M. Bomze

A general model for the evolution of the frequency distribution of types in a population under mutation and selection is derived and investigated. The approach is sufficiently general to subsume classical models with a finite number of alleles, as well as models with a continuum of possible alleles as used in quantitative genetics. The dynamics of the corresponding probability distributions is governed by an integro-differential equation in the Banach space of Borel measures on a locally compact space. Existence and uniqueness of the solutions of the initial value problem is proved using basic semigroup theory. A complete characterization of the structure of stationary distributions is presented. Then, existence and uniqueness of stationary distributions is proved under mild conditions by applying operator theoretic generalizations of Perron–Frobenius theory. For an extension of Kingman's original house-of-cards model, a classification of possible stationary distributions is obtained.


2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCELLA ANSELMO ◽  
DORA GIAMMARRESI ◽  
MARIA MADONIA

A setX⊆ Σ** of pictures is a code if every picture over Σ is tilable in at most one way with pictures inX. The definition ofstrong prefix codeis introduced. The family of finite strong prefix codes is decidable and it has a polynomial time decoding algorithm. Maximality for finite strong prefix codes is also studied and related to the notion of completeness. We prove that any finite strong prefix code can be embedded in a unique maximal strong prefix code that has minimal size and cardinality. A complete characterization of the structure of maximal finite strong prefix codes completes the paper.


10.37236/478 ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Droll

The unitary Cayley graph on $n$ vertices, $X_n$, has vertex set ${\Bbb Z}/{n\Bbb Z}$, and two vertices $a$ and $b$ are connected by an edge if and only if they differ by a multiplicative unit modulo $n$, i.e. ${\rm gcd}(a-b,n) = 1$. A $k$-regular graph $X$ is Ramanujan if and only if $\lambda(X) \leq 2\sqrt{k-1}$ where $\lambda(X)$ is the second largest absolute value of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of $X$. We obtain a complete characterization of the cases in which the unitary Cayley graph $X_n$ is a Ramanujan graph.


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