scholarly journals Aymé–Gripp syndrome in a Russian patient with a newly detected mutation in the MAF gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
E. L. Dadali ◽  
T. V. Markova ◽  
O. P. Ryzhkova

Aymé–Gripp syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome caused by mutations in the MAF gene and is characterized by a pronounced phenotypic polymorphism. The core of clinical signs consists of congenital cataracts, sensorineural hearing loss, specific dysmorphic facial features and intellectual disabilities. With varying frequency, patients have: radioulnar synostosis, Arnold–Chiari malformation, aseptic pericarditis, dental anomaly and osteoarthritis. The article presents the clinical and genetic characteristics of the first Russian patient with Aymé–Gripp syndrome caused by a newly identified mutation s.173C>A (p.Thr58Asn NM_005360.4) in a heterozygous state in the MAF gene. The influence of the lo  calization and type of amino acid substitutions in the protein product of the gene on the severity and specificity of the clinical manifestations of the syndrome is discussed. 

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Rodriges Rosado ◽  
Juliana Gonzaga Da Silva ◽  
Dilmas Mendes De Freitas ◽  
Aline Silva Dos Reis ◽  
Julia Perinotto Picelli ◽  
...  

Background: Compulsive disorders are excessive and repetitive behaviors that jeopardize the quality of life of both animal and tutor. It generally affects dogs between 6 and 36 months of age, and its etiology is associated to stress, anxiety and genetic predisposition. Clinical manifestations are the usual behaviors of the dog, but overly and inappropriately done. Diagnosis is based on a history of repetitive behavior, and on clinical and complementary exams to discard other diseases. The aim of this study is to report a case of compulsive disorder in a female Border Collie dog, including diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.Case: A 5-month-old, female, Border Collie dog was presented to Uberaba’s Veterinary Hospital (HVU) owing to a chasing shadows behavior that started as a playtime activity but intensified to the point of becoming a repetitive and excessive act, followed by self-trauma and excessive barking. Clinical examination showed lesions in nasal planum region. No alterations were observed on neurological examination apart from the chasing of shadows that also happened in the consultation room. Therefore, since there were no other findings on clinical and neurological exams, and since the manifestation occurred as a response to environmental stimuli (presence of shadows), it was established a presumptive diagnosis of compulsive disorder. Treatment with trazodone chlorhydrate was performed, and it was indicated ovariohysterectomy, a follow-up with a professional behaviorist and trainer and environment modifications.  After a fortnight, it was observed a discreet improvement of the clinical signs, hence a second anxiolytic, clomipramine, was added to the treatment. Approximately 3 months after the beggining of therapy, there was improvement of the animal’s clinical picture, being calmer and most days ignoring the shadows.Discussion: Compulsive disorders are described as exaggerated and repetitive behaviors that jeopardize the animal’s interaction with its environment and with its tutor. The animal of this report showed repetitive behavior of chasing shadows, with claw abrasion and self-inflicted nasal lesions caused by leaping and biting on the surfaces where the shadows were projecting. Additionally, during the manifestation of the behavior, the animal barked excessively, which compromised the quality of the tutors’ lives. The patient was a Border Collie female dog, though there are no descriptions of this type of behavior in this breed. The starting age of this patient’s manifestations is consistent with previous reports, which observed it more frequently in animals with 6 to 36 months of age. The absence of alterations on clinical and neurological exams that could indicate maladies in other systems, in addition to a detailed anamnesis and assessment of videos of the animal recorded in his domicile, enabled the diagnosis of compulsive disorder. Ovariohysterectomy was done with the purpose of reducing the previously mentioned behavior. Drug therapy in addition to behavior training were efficient to promote significant improvement, although the duration of treatment is a long-term one, as described by other authors. Further studies are necessary for enlightenment of compulsive disorder’s physiopathology in dogs, and to investigate and identify the causes, such as environmental factors and genetic characteristics, that trigger these behaviors.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Na Liu ◽  
Yunbin Xiao ◽  
Zhenyu Liao ◽  
Zhenghui Xiao ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: RSTS is a rare autosomal dominant inheritance disease. It is easy to overlap with the phenotypes of other syndromes, To assist with future diagnoses, we summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics of children with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. Case presentation: The patient, female, aged 3 months, 4.2 kg, was admitted into our hospital 3 times after birth due to repeated infections, shortness of breath, poor response, low crying, cyanosis and poor breastfeeding. The child has a special complexion with congenital heart disease, hearing impairment, and hypothyroidism. The anterior fontanel has a lot of vellus hair, mainly on the back, low hairline, micrognathia, high palate arch. the high-precision clinical explicit PLUS test and analysis were performed on all of their blood. CREBBP gene heterozygous mutation c.890T> A (p.L297 *) was detected. At the same time, the sequencing data showed that the parents of the examinee did not carry this mutation, which may be new. Conclusion: combining clinical manifestations and genetic testing can clearly diagnose Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome and enriched human CREBBP gene mutation database.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
E. L. Dadali ◽  
T. V. Markova ◽  
O. A. Levchenko ◽  
A. L. Chukhrova ◽  
O. A. Shchagina

Introduction. X-linked mental retardation 102 type caused by novel mutations in the DDX3X gene is one of the most common monogenic variants of intellectual deficiency in women.Purpose of the study. Description of the clinical and genetic characteristics of Russian female patients with type 102 mental retardation due to newly identified mutations.Materials and methods. The diagnosis of mental retardation of type 102 was established on the basis of the features of clinical manifestations and the detection of the mutations in the DDX3X gene as a result of exome sequencing and subsequent confirmation of the identified variants of Sanger sequencing.Results. A description is given of the clinical and genetic characteristics of two female patients with type 102 X-linked mental retardation due newly to identified mutations p.1703C> G and c.113A> G (NM_001193416) in the DDX3X gene in the heterozygous state. New features of the phenotype are described. The mechanism of the appearance of clinical and genetic correlations is suggested, which can be used as a prognostic marker of the development of the disease.Conclusion. Clinical and genetic characteristics of two patients with mutations in the DDX3X gene that violate the amino acid sequence of different protein regions with different severity of clinical manifestations are described. The results obtained may testify in favor of the existence of a dependence of the severity of the phenotype on the localization and nature of mutations in the gene and determine the relevance of further research aimed at searching for clinical and genetic correlations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
E. L. Dadali ◽  
A. O. Borovikov ◽  
O. A. Shchagina ◽  
O. L. Mironovich

Bosch–Boonstra–Schaaf optic atrophy is autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the NR2F1 gene. Its common features include optic atrophy and / or hypoplasia, developmental delay, intellectual disability, attention deficit disorder, autism spectrum disorder, seizures, hearing defects, spasticity, hypotonia, and thinning of the corpus callosum. We report of the clinical and genetic characteristics of two patients with Bosch-Boonstra-Schaaf syndrome with newly detected of the missense mutations с.329T>C (p.Phe110Ser) and с.413G>A (p.Cys138Tyr) in the gene NR2F1. The existence of a polymorphism of the clinical manifestations of the syndrome has been shown, and the necessity of using exome sequencing in the diagnosis of neuro-ophthalmic diseases has been substantiated.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxian Fu ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Zhuo Fu ◽  
Tianxia Li ◽  
Xiaomeng Zhang ◽  
...  

Objective: The aim of the present study is to explore the clinical and genetic characteristics of 3p deletion syndrome to improve clinicians' understanding of the disease.Methods: The clinical manifestations, process of diagnosis and treatment, and genetic characteristics of an individual case of 3p deletion syndrome were analyzed. CNKI, Wanfang Data, and the Biomedical Literature Database (PubMed) were searched. The search time limit, using “3p deletion syndrome” and “BRPF1” as keywords, was from the creation of the database up to June 2020. Related data were reviewed.Results: The proband was a male child with general developmental and intellectual disabilities, special facial features and congenital heart disease. The child was the parents' first pregnancy and first born. Gene microarray analysis showed a 10.095 Mb deletion in the 3p26.3-p25.3 region, resulting in a heterozygous mutation of the BRPF1 gene; thus, the patient was diagnosed with 3p deletion syndrome. At the time of diagnosis, the child was 1 year of age and was responding to comprehensive rehabilitation training. A total of 29 well-documented cases were found in the literature, of which 19 cases had an onset within 1 year of birth, and mainly manifested with mental and motor development disabilities and abnormal facial features, with different gene deletions, depending on the size and location of the 3p deletion.Conclusion: The genetic test results of the child in this study indicated a heterozygous deletion of the BRPF1 gene on the short arm of chromosome 3, which was a unique feature of this study, since it was rarely mentioned in other reports of 3p deletion syndrome. The clinical phenotype of this syndrome is complex as it can include intellectual and motor development backwardness, low muscle tone, certain abnormal facial features (low hairline, bilateral ptosis, widely spaced eyes, a forward nose, left ear auricle deformity, a high-arched palate, a small jaw), and the deformation of systems such as the gastrointestinal tract and the urinary tract malformation or symptoms of epilepsy. As clinical manifestations can be relatively mild, the syndrome is easy to miss or misdiagnose. Clinical workers need to be aware of this disease when they find that children have special features, such as stunted growth, low muscle tone or ptosis, and it needs to be diagnosed through genetic testing. Most children are able to develop certain social skills after rehabilitation treatment.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
D.A. Polunina ◽  
◽  
M.E. Bagaeva ◽  
I.F. Tin ◽  
E.V. Pavlovskaya ◽  
...  

Cowden syndrome is a rare genetic disease with the autosomal dominant inheritance, characterised by a combination of macrocephaly with multiple hamartomas and impaired lipid metabolism. The article presents a clinical case report of this disease in a 8-year-old boy with two genetically confirmed mutations in the genes PTEN and SHDB responsible for the development of Cowden syndrome. At present, there is insufficient evidence about the influence of combined pathogenic mutations in both genes and, consequently, about the possible outcomes and clinical manifestations of the disease. Taking into account the rarity of this pathology, multisystem organ involvement and also the absence of characteristic clinical signs in childhood, a description of this clinical case might be of interest in order to raise the awareness for Cowden syndrome. Key words: Cowden syndrome, hamartomas, PTEN, SDH, succinate dehydrogenase, hypoglycaemia, dyslipidemia


Author(s):  
А.Р. Зарипова ◽  
Л.Р. Нургалиева ◽  
А.В. Тюрин ◽  
И.Р. Минниахметов ◽  
Р.И. Хусаинова

Проведено исследование гена интерферон индуцированного трансмембранного белка 5 (IFITM5) у 99 пациентов с несовершенным остеогенезом (НО) из 86 неродственных семей. НО - клинически и генетически гетерогенное наследственное заболевание соединительной ткани, основное клиническое проявление которого - множественные переломы, начиная с неонатального периода жизни, зачастую приводящие к инвалидизации с детского возраста. К основным клиническим признакам НО относятся голубые склеры, потеря слуха, аномалия дентина, повышенная ломкость костей, нарушения роста и осанки с развитием характерных инвалидизирующих деформаций костей и сопутствующих проблем, включающих дыхательные, неврологические, сердечные, почечные нарушения. НО встречается как у мужчин, так и у женщин. До сих пор не определена степень генетической гетерогенности заболевания. На сегодняшний день известно 20 генов, вовлеченных в патогенез НО, и исследователи разных стран продолжают искать новые гены. В последнее десятилетие стало известно, что аутосомно-рецессивные, аутосомно-доминантные и Х-сцепленные мутации в широком спектре генов, кодирующих белки, которые участвуют в синтезе коллагена I типа, его процессинге, секреции и посттрансляционной модификации, а также в белках, которые регулируют дифференцировку и активность костеобразующих клеток, вызывают НО. Мутации в гене IFITM5, также называемом BRIL (bone-restricted IFITM-like protein), участвующем в формировании остеобластов, приводят к развитию НО типа V. До 5% пациентов имеют НО типа V, который характеризуется образованием гиперпластического каллуса после переломов, кальцификацией межкостной мембраны предплечья и сетчатым рисунком ламелирования, наблюдаемого при гистологическом исследовании кости. В 2012 г. гетерозиготная мутация (c.-14C> T) в 5’-нетранслируемой области (UTR) гена IFITM5 была идентифицирована как основная причина НО V типа. В представленной работе проведен анализ гена IFITM5 и идентифицирована мутация c.-14C>T, возникшая de novo, у одного пациента с НО, которому впоследствии был установлен V тип заболевания. Также выявлены три известных полиморфных варианта: rs57285449; c.80G>C (p.Gly27Ala) и rs2293745; c.187-45C>T и rs755971385 c.279G>A (p.Thr93=) и один ранее не описанный вариант: c.128G>A (p.Ser43Asn) AGC>AAC (S/D), которые не являются патогенными. В статье уделяется внимание особенностям клинических проявлений НО V типа и рекомендуется определение мутации c.-14C>T в гене IFITM5 при подозрении на данную форму заболевания. A study was made of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 5 gene (IFITM5) in 99 patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) from 86 unrelated families and a search for pathogenic gene variants involved in the formation of the disease phenotype. OI is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous hereditary disease of the connective tissue, the main clinical manifestation of which is multiple fractures, starting from the natal period of life, often leading to disability from childhood. The main clinical signs of OI include blue sclera, hearing loss, anomaly of dentin, increased fragility of bones, impaired growth and posture, with the development of characteristic disabling bone deformities and associated problems, including respiratory, neurological, cardiac, and renal disorders. OI occurs in both men and women. The degree of genetic heterogeneity of the disease has not yet been determined. To date, 20 genes are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of OI, and researchers from different countries continue to search for new genes. In the last decade, it has become known that autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and X-linked mutations in a wide range of genes encoding proteins that are involved in the synthesis of type I collagen, its processing, secretion and post-translational modification, as well as in proteins that regulate the differentiation and activity of bone-forming cells cause OI. Mutations in the IFITM5 gene, also called BRIL (bone-restricted IFITM-like protein), involved in the formation of osteoblasts, lead to the development of OI type V. Up to 5% of patients have OI type V, which is characterized by the formation of a hyperplastic callus after fractures, calcification of the interosseous membrane of the forearm, and a mesh lamellar pattern observed during histological examination of the bone. In 2012, a heterozygous mutation (c.-14C> T) in the 5’-untranslated region (UTR) of the IFITM5 gene was identified as the main cause of OI type V. In the present work, the IFITM5 gene was analyzed and the de novo c.-14C> T mutation was identified in one patient with OI who was subsequently diagnosed with type V of the disease. Three known polymorphic variants were also identified: rs57285449; c.80G> C (p.Gly27Ala) and rs2293745; c.187-45C> T and rs755971385 c.279G> A (p.Thr93 =) and one previously undescribed variant: c.128G> A (p.Ser43Asn) AGC> AAC (S / D), which were not pathogenic. The article focuses on the features of the clinical manifestations of OI type V, and it is recommended to determine the c.-14C> T mutation in the IFITM5 gene if this form of the disease is suspected.


2012 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Thi Kieu Nhi Nguyen

Objectives: 1. Estimating the ratios of clinical and paraclinical signs of post-term newborns hospitalized at Pediatric Department of Hue University Hospital. 2. Identifying the relation between clinical signs and paraclinical signs. Materials and Method: 72 post- term babies < 7 days of life hospitalized at NICU from 2010/5 to 2011/4. Classification of post - term newborn was based on WHO 2003: gestational age ≥ 42 weeks with clinical manifestations: desquamation on press with fingers or natural desquamation, withered or meconial umbilicus, meconial long finger nails (*) or geatational age still < 42 weeks with theses clinical manifestations (*). Data were recorded on a clinical record form. Per-protocol analysis of clinical outcomes was performed by using Medcalc 11.5 and Excell 2007. Analyses used the χ2 test or Fisher's exact test for categorical data; Student's t test was used for continuous data and the Mann-Whitney U test for nonparametric data. Data were presented as means or proportions with 95% CIs. Results: Clinical characteristics: Tachypnea and grasp were main reasons of hospitalisation (48.61%). Poor feeding, vomitting (16.67%). Asphyxia (8.34%). Jawndice (6.94%). Hypothermia < 36.50C (13.89%), fever (13.89%). Tachypnea (59.72%). Bradycardia (1.39%). Poor feeding (11.11%). Hypertonia (9.72%). Paraclinical characteristics: Erythrocytes < 4.5.1012/l (51.39%), Leucocytes 5 – 25.103/mm3 (81.94%), Thrombocytes 100- 400.103/mm3 (94.44%). Hemoglobinemia < 10mg/l (67.61%). Maternal characteristics: Menstrual cycles regular (75%). Primiparity (75%). Amniotic volume average (70.42%), little (29.58%). Aminiotic liquid clair (62.5%), aminiotic liquid yellow (4.17%), aminiotic meconial liquid (33.33%). Maternal manifestation of one of many risk factors consist of genital infection; urinary infection; fever before, during, after 3 days of birth; prolonged delivery; medical diseases influence the foetus (75%). The relation between clinical signs and paraclinical signs: There was significantly statistical difference: between gestationnal age based on obstetrical criteria and amniotic volume on ultrasound (p < 0.05); between birth weight and glucosemia p < 0.02). There was conversional correlation of average level between erythroctes number and respiratory rate (r = - 0.5158; p < 0,0001), concordance correlation of weak level betwwen leucocytes number and respiratory rate r = 0.3045; p = 0.0093). Conclusion: It should made diagnosis of postterm baby based on degree of desquamation. The mother who has menstrual cycles regular is still delivered of a postterm baby. A postterm baby has the individual clinical and paraclinical signs.


Author(s):  
P. R. Chavelikar ◽  
G. C. Mandali ◽  
D. M. Patel

Ruminal acidosis is one of the most important clinical emergencies in sheep and goats resulting into high mortality rate. In the present study, eight healthy farm goats and 24 goats presented to the TVCC of the college with clinical signs of ruminal acidosis like anorexia, tympany, increased pulse and respiratory rate, reduced body temperature, doughy rumen, enteritis, oliguria, grinding of teeth, purulent nasal discharge, muscle twitching, arched back, dehydration and recumbency with rumen liquor pH below 6 were examined for haematological alterations using autohaematoanalyzer. Among various haematological parameters evaluated from acidotic goats, the mean values of Hb (12.21±0.17 vs. 10.86±0.15 g/dl), TEC (14.28±0.16 vs. 12.04±0.36 ×106/ μl), TLC (13.43±0.11 vs. 11.11±0.27 ×103/μl), PCV (36.91±0.53 vs. 29.88±0.55%), neutrophils (64.54±0.93 vs. 28.13±0.92%), MCV (23.38±0.37 vs. 19.38±1.34 fl) and MCH (7.03±0.08 vs. 6.31±0.25 pg) were found significantly increased, while the mean values of lymphocytes (28.00±0.82 vs. 65.38±0.80%) and MCHC (24.55 ±0.26 vs. 34.88±0.97 g/dl) were decreased significantly from the base values of healthy goats. It was concluded that ruminal acidosis induced due to accidental heavy ingestion of readily fermentable carbohydrate rich grains and food waste significantly altered the haematological profile concurrent with clinical manifestations in goats, and hence can be used to assess the severity of the disease.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao-Yan Shao ◽  
Pei-Lin Wu ◽  
Bi-Yun Lin ◽  
Sen-Jing Chen ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Terminal deletion of chromosome 10p is a rare chromosomal abnormality. We report a neonatal case with a large deletion of 10p15.3p13 diagnosed early because of severe clinical manifestations. Case presentation Our patient presented with specific facial features, hypoparathyroidism, sen sorineural deafness, renal abnormalities, and developmental retardation, and carried a 12.6 Mb deletion in the 10p15.3 p13 region. The terminal 10p deletion involved in our patient is the second largest reported terminal deletion reported to date, and includes the ZMYND11 and GATA3 genes and a partial critical region of the DiGeorge syndrome 2 gene (DGS2). Conclusion On the basis of a literature review, this terminal 10p deletion in the present case is responsible for a specific contiguous gene syndrome. This rare case may help the understanding of the genotype–phenotype spectrum of terminal deletion of chromosome 10p.


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