FLOWERING, FRUIT SET, FRUIT DEVELOPMENT AND FRUIT QUALITY UNDER DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN TOMATO AND PEPPER CROPS

1994 ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rylski ◽  
B. Aloni ◽  
L. Karni ◽  
Z. Zaidman
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Fruit Set

scholarly journals GA3—INDUCED FRUIT SET OF RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 689c-689
Author(s):  
Raguel Cano—M ◽  
Rebecca L. Darnell
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Development Period

The effects of different GA3 concentrations and application times on fruit set, fruit development period, and fruit quality in rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) were studied. Flower clusters were sprayed with 100 or 250 ppm GA3 at 90% full bloom and again 7 days later, or with 125 ppm GA3 at 90% full bloom and again 7, 21, and 42 days later, under greenhouse conditions. Fruit set was monitored every 10 days and fruit weight, fruit development period, soluble solids, and titratable acidity were measured at harvest. Fruit set in GA3 treatments averaged 69 to 76% compared to an average of 43% for the pollinated control. Weight of GA3 treated berries averaged 1.2, g while that of pollinated berries averaged 2.0 g. However, calculated total yield was greater for the GA3 treatments compared to the pollinated control, averaging 244 and 206 g/treatment, respectively. GA3 increased the fruit development period by 2 to 11 days, depending on the treatment. Soluble solids and titratable acidity were not affected by any treatment.

scholarly journals Ripening and Fruit Weight of Eight Strawberry Cultivars Respond to Row Cover Removal Date

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin P.N. Gent
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Row Covers ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesn.) cultivars differ in response to removal date of row covers when they are used for winter protection and to accelerate fruit development and production. In 1986-87 and 1987-88, eight cultivars were overwintered under either spun-bonded polypropylene row cover or under straw. The straw was removed from control plots in late March. Row covers were removed on four dates beginning in late March and separated by about 2-week intervals. The time of flowering, fruit set, and fruit ripening was advanced in direct relation to the time that row covers remained over plants in spring. The differences in time of fruit ripening were less than those of time of flowering, however. The mid-harvest date was advanced as much as 8 days for `Earlidawn' and `Midway', but only 4 days for `Redchief' and `Scott'. Weight per fruit and percentage of marketable fruit were reduced when plants remained under row cover until mid-May. This effect was most noticeable for `Earlidawn', `Guardian', and `Redchief'. The fruit quality of `Midway' and `Jerseybelle' was not significantly affected by date of row cover removal. These cultivar-specific responses were probably not related to the stage of fruit development when row covers were removed, as both early and late-flowering cultivars were sensitive (and insensitive) to the date of row cover removal.

Reproductive Responses of Capsicum annuum to High Temperatures

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 543c-543
Author(s):  
Ami N. Erickson ◽  
Albert H. Markhart
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Bud Size ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Constant Growth

Fruit yield reduction due to high temperatures has been widely observed in Solanaceous crops. Our past experiments have demonstrated that Capsicum annuum cultivars Ace and Bell Boy completely fail to produce fruit when grown at constant 33 °C. However, flowers are produced, continually. To determine which stages of flower development are sensitive to high temperatures, pepper buds, ranging in size from 1 mm to anthesis, were exposed to high temperatures for 6 hr, 48 hr, 5 days, or for the duration of the experiment. Fruit set for each bud size was determined. Exposure to high temperatures at anthesis and at the 2-mm size stage for 2 or more days significantly reduced fruit production. To determine whether inhibition of pollination, inhibition of fertilization, and/or injury to the female or male structures prevents fruit production at high temperatures, flowers from pepper cultivars Ace and Bell Boy were grown until flowers on the 8th or 9th node were 11 mm in length. Plants were divided between 25 °C and 33 °C constant growth chambers for 2 to 4 days until anthesis. At anthesis, flowers from both treatments were cross-pollinated in all combination, and crosses were equally divided between 33 or 25 °C growth chambers until fruit set or flowers abscised. All flower crosses resulted in 80% to 100% fruit set when post-pollination temperatures were 25 °C. However, post-pollination temperatures of 33 °C significantly reduced fruit production. Reduced fruit set by flowers exposed to high temperatures during anthesis and pollination is not a result of inviable pollen or ovule, but an inhibition of fertilization or initial fruit development.

scholarly journals Heat unit accumulation and inflorescence and fruit development in ‘Ubá’ mango trees grown in Visconde do Rio Branco-MG

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Moreira Carvalho Lemos ◽  
Luiz Carlos Chamhum Salomão ◽  
Dalmo Lopes de Siqueira ◽  
Olinto Liparini Pereira ◽  
Paulo Roberto Cecon
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Developmental Cycle ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Heat Units ◽  
Mango Tree ◽  
Apical Bud

Abstract There are little information in the scientific literature on flowering and fruiting of ‘Ubá’ mango trees. These information enables to know the proportion of hermaphrodite flowers in inflorescence, fruit set percentage and developmental stages of the fruit. In this study evaluations on inflorescence and fruit development of the ‘Ubá’ mango tree (Mangifera indica L.) were carried out, as well as the determination of the required number of heat units for full fruit development. Thirty branches whose terminal buds were swollen were selected from five mango trees. With the aid of a camera and a caliper, the panicle and fruit development were evaluated weekly until full fruit development. A digital thermometer was used to record ambient temperatures during fruit development in order to estimate the number of heat units required for complete development of the fruits. Male and hermaphrodite flowers of the panicles were also identified and counted. The developmental cycle of ‘Ubá’ mango from the beginning of apical bud swelling to commercial harvest of the fruit lasted 168 days in 2011 and 154 days in 2012. The number of hermaphrodite flowers and the percentage of fruit set in the inflorescence in 2011 were 32.3 and 0.066%, respectively; and 122.1 and 0.099% in 2012, respectively. There was accumulation of 3,173 heat units from flower bud swelling to full development of the ‘Ubá’ mangoes.

scholarly journals EARLY SPRING APPLICATION OF AMINOETHOXYVINILGLYCINE (AVG) INCREASES FRUIT SET AND YIELD OF ‘ROCHA’ PEARS

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
MATEUS DA SILVEIRA PASA ◽  
BRUNO CARRA ◽  
CARINA PEREIRA DA SILVA ◽  
MARLISE NARA CIOTTA ◽  
ALBERTO FONTANELLA BRIGHENTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Return Bloom

ABSTRACT The low fruit set is one of the main factors leading to poor yield of pear orchards in Brazil. Ethylene is associated with abscission of flowers and fruitlets. Then, the application of ethylene synthesis inhibitors, such as AVG, is a potential tool to increase fruit set of pears. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of AVG, sprayed at different rates and timings, on fruit set, yield and fruit quality of ‘Rocha’ pear. The study was performed in a commercial orchard located in the municipality of São Joaquim, SC, during the growing seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. Plant material consisted of ‘Rocha’ pear trees grafted on quince rootstock ‘BA29’. AVG was tested at different rates (60 mg L-1 and 80 mg L-1) and timings [full bloom, one week after full bloom (WAFB), and two WAFB), either alone or in combination. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, with at least five single-tree replications. The fruit set, number of fruit per tree, yield, estimated yield, fruit weight, return bloom, and fruit quality attributes were assessed. Fruit set and yield were consistently increased by single applications of AVG at 60 and 80 mg L-1 at both one and two weeks after full bloom, without negatively affecting fruit quality attributes and return bloom.

scholarly journals Pollination requirements of seeded and seedless mini watermelon varieties cultivated under protected environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isac Gabriel Abrahão Bomfim ◽  
Antônio Diego de Melo Bezerra ◽  
Alexandre Campos Nunes ◽  
Breno Magalhães Freitas ◽  
Fernando Antonio Souza de Aragão
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Diploid Pollen

The objective of this work was to evaluate the floral biology and pollination requirements of seeded and seedless mini watermelon varieties, and to determine the best varieties to cultivate under protected environment. Three seedless (HA-5106, HA-5158, and HA-5161) and two seeded (Minipol and Polimore) genotypes were tested. Flowers were monitored from the pre-anthesis stage to senescence, and fruit quality was also evaluated. The evaluated treatments were hand-geitonogamous pollination (MG), cross-pollination with pollen from the Polimore variety (MCP), cross-pollination with pollen from the Minipol variety (MCM), and restricted pollination. All varieties had monoecious plants with diclinous flowers, and the stigmas remained receptive throughout anthesis. Fruit set rates of 84.62% (MG), 61.54% (MCP), 48% (MCM), and 0% (restricted) were obtained for seeded varieties, but of 0% (MG), 76.36% (MCP), 82.69% (MCM), and 0% (restricted) for seedless varieties. Fruits did not differ in quality among treatments within each genotype. Therefore, all the studied varieties require a pollination agent and diploid pollen for fruit set to occur, regardless of the donor variety; and Minipol or Polimore with HA-5106 or HA-5158 are the varieties recommended for cultivation in protected environment.

Development of Garcinia Atroviridis (Asam Gelugur) during Fruit Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
O. Nur Allisha ◽  
O. Zaulia ◽  
M. A. I. Mohd Shukri ◽  
M. N. Suriani ◽  
G. Nur Syafini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Dried Fruit

Asam gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis Griff ex. T. Anderson) in Malaysia normally used as dried fruit for ingredients in the food. Dried G. atroviridis also used for medicinal and health benefits food. Recently, G. atroviridis become more popular when RandD found that this fruit has high hydroxy acetic acid (HCA) (to reduce cholesterol and fat, slimming agent), high antioxidant content, anti-bacteria, anti-tumour, manage high blood pressure etc. This fruit was processed as health benefit foods and also as supplement and healthy drink. This traditional plant also proven can be planted on a commercial scale and give promising income to entrepreneurs. Therefore, a study on this plant also given priority. Study on different maturity stages is important to understand the development of fruit and to determine suitable harvesting stage as a guideline for harvesting and processing. Therefore, this study were carried out by tagging the fruit from flowering until the fruit set, matured and ripen stage. From the observation, fruit at age 85 days after flowering seem started matured and they were picked at every 5 days and analysed until day 125 when fruit were overripe and drop from tree. Fruit were analysed on physical (visual appearance, firmness, lightness, chroma, hue) and chemical (pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), ascorbic acid, soluble solid content (SSC) changes. Result showed that SSC of G. atroviridis were range from 6.13 – 7.73. SSC of G. atroviridis maintain during development and significantly increased after 120 days. Acidity (TTA) of G. atroviridis were very high (3.83 – 4.60 mg/100g). TTA significantly low at day 90 and 120 after fruit set, compare to other stages. Ascorbic acid content of G. atroviridis is considered low (0.77 – 1.35 mg/100g). pH of G. atroviridis is very low at 2.41 -2.60. This considered too low compared to other fruits. pH and ascorbic acid of G. atroviridis is fluctuated during the development of fruit from 85 to 125 day after flowering. Skin lightness increased significantly from day 85 to 100, maintain until day 110 and significantly decreased until day 125. Flesh lightness maintain during fruit development. Skin chroma maintain from day 85 to day 105, significantly increased after day 105 to 110, maintain until day 115 and significantly decreased thereafter. Flesh chroma remain un-change during fruit development from day 85 to day 120, but slightly increased from day 120 to until day 125. Skin hue maintain from day 85 to day 95, significantly decreased after day 100 to 110, significantly increased until day 115 and maintain thereafter. Flesh hue remain un-change during fruit development from day 85 to day 125. Firmness of G. atroviridis maintain during development, 19.35 – 23.25 N, but significantly higher at 125 days after flowering, 25.32 N.

Effects of the bioregulators ACC, 6-BA, ABA, and NAA as thinning agents on Gala apples

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle H. Cortens ◽  
John A. Cline
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Load Management ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh

Gala apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees are prone to heavy cropping but respond to chemical fruitlet thinners to reduce crop load and improve fruit quality. Environmental concerns over the fate of the chemical fruitlet thinner carbaryl is widely acknowledged, but crop load management options are limited. In southern Ontario, Gala trees were treated with new thinning compounds or combinations to determine post-bloom thinning efficacy and resulting fruit quality. Treatments included 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) combined with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or abscisic acid (ABA), and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) alone applied at 9 mm in 2014 and 17 mm in 2015. The treatment NAA + 6-BA produced unacceptably small “pygmy” fruit when applied at 17 mm fruitlet diameter. ABA at 150 and 300 mg L−1 and ACC at 150 mg L−1, when applied at 17 mm fruitlet diameter, resulted in acceptable fruit set, crop load, and quality results in comparison with the carbaryl thinner in 1 yr. The bioregulators ACC and ABA combined with 6-BA showed commercial potential for thinning Gala fruit but require further evaluation.

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