scholarly journals Consumo de drogas e fatores associados: estudo transversal com adolescentes escolares do ensino fundamental

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Mariana Matias Santos ◽  
Rosana Santos Mota ◽  
Milca Ramaiane da Silva Carvalho ◽  
Gleide Santos de Araújo ◽  
Nadirlene Pereira Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Religious Identification ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Program Version

Aim:  to  estimate  the  prevalence  of  drug  use  among  school adolescents  and its  association  with sociodemographic  and sexual variables.  Method:  a cross-sectional  study  conducted  through  a  structured  interview with  239  elementary school students from a public school in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Data were processed by the Stata program, version 12, and analyzed according to descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: the prevalence of adolescents who had used drugs in the last month was 25.92%. There was a statistical association between variable drug use and religious identification  (PR=1.88  and  95%CI=1.03  -  3.41),  study  series (PR=2.0  and  95%CI =1.03   -   3.85)   and   work   (PR=3.68   and  95%CI   =1.08-12.54).   Conclusion:  high prevalence  of  drug  use  among  school-age  adolescents  and  its  association  with  low schooling,  lack  of  religious  practice,  and  precocious  work  and  sexual  intercourse  were identified.

scholarly journals How far can you go? Association between illicit drug use and academic migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Lauro Miranda Demenech ◽  
Samuel C. Dumith ◽  
Luiza Santos Ferreira ◽  
Mariana Lima Corrêa ◽  
Pedro San Martin Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: To measure the prevalence of illicit drugs use in the lifetime, last year and last month, as well as the factors associated to the last year's use and its association with academic migration, among undergraduate students of a university in southern Brazil. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected through self-administered questionnaire. It was conducted a clustered systematic sampling. For multivariate analyses, it was used Poisson regression. Results: 1,423 students participated. The prevalence of illicit drug use in the lifetime, last year and last month were 42.4%, 25.5% and 17.7%, respectively. Regarding illicit substances, marijuana use was the most prevalent. The variables independently associated with illicit drugs use in the last year were academic migration, being male, younger, single, high parent's educational level, living with peers, tobacco use in the last year, and having friend and relative that have used illicit drugs. Religious practice had a protective effect. Conclusion: Individuals who migrated from their cities to study at the university are more exposed to the main risk factors pointed out by this research and hence to the use of illicit drugs. Based on these results, we suggest that universities develop evaluation, prevention, treatment or referral strategies considering specific needs of this population

scholarly journals Prevalence and predictors of alcohol and drug use among secondary school students in Botswana: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Riva ◽  
Lynne Allen-Taylor ◽  
Will D. Schupmann ◽  
Seipone Mphele ◽  
Neo Moshashane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use

scholarly journals “Students in public and private schools—which are at higher risk of drug use?”: A survey from Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bahramnejad ◽  
Abedin Iranpour ◽  
Nouzar Nakhaee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private

Abstract Background Recent evidence from Western countries suggests that private school students are more prone to drug use. Such an evidence is lacking in Muslim countries. The aim of this study was to examine whether the risk of drug use is higher in private schools than public schools.Methods This cross sectional study was conducted on 650 tenth grade students of Kerman city, the center of largest province of Iran using cluster sampling. Well-validated questionnaires regarding current, lifetime substance use, and perceived use by classmates were utilized. Substances included in the questionnaire were waterpipe, cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, opium, methamphetamine, and Naas. Drug Use Tendency Scale was used to measure the attitudes of students towards drug use.Results The response rate was 93.7%. More than 82% of sample were public school students (n = 504). Current use of cigarette and marijuana was higher in private schools (12.2% and 3.0%, respectively) than public schools (4.4% and 0.5%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Perceived prevalence of cigarette smoking by classmates was higher among private school students.Conclusion Despite the popular belief that private schools are better than public schools regarding the risk of substance use, students who attend private schools may be at a higher risk of turning to some drugs comparing to public schools in Iran.

scholarly journals “Students in public and private schools—which are at higher risk of drug use?”: A survey from Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bahramnejad ◽  
Abedin Iranpour ◽  
Nouzar Nakhaee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private

Abstract Background : Recent evidence from Western countries suggests that private school students are more prone to drug use. Such an evidence is lacking in Muslim countries. The aim of this study was to examine whether the risk of drug use is higher in private schools than public schools. Methods : This cross sectional study was conducted on 650 tenth grade students of Kerman city, the center of largest province of Iran using cluster sampling. Well-validated questionnaires regarding current, lifetime substance use, and perceived use by classmates were utilized. Substances included in the questionnaire were waterpipe, cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, opium, methamphetamine, and Naas. Drug Use Tendency Scale was used to measure the attitudes of students towards drug use. Results : The response rate was 93.7%. More than 82% of sample were public school students (n=504). Current use of cigarette and marijuana was higher in private schools (12.2% and 3.0%, respectively) than public schools (4.4% and 0.5%, respectively) (P<0.05). Perceived prevalence of cigarette smoking by classmates was higher among private school students. Conclusion : Despite the popular belief that private schools are better than public schools regarding the risk of substance use, students who attend private schools may be at a higher risk of turning to some drugs comparing to public schools in Iran.

scholarly journals “Students in public and private schools—which are at higher risk of drug use?”: a survey from Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bahramnejad ◽  
Abedin Iranpour ◽  
Nouzar Nakhaee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private

Abstract Background Recent evidence from Western countries suggests that private school students are more prone to drug use. Such an evidence is lacking in Muslim countries. The aim of this study was to examine whether the risk of drug use is higher in private schools than public schools. Methods This cross sectional study was conducted on 650 tenth grade students of Kerman city, the center of largest province of Iran using cluster sampling. Well-validated questionnaires regarding current, lifetime substance use, and perceived use by classmates were utilized. Substances included in the questionnaire were waterpipe, cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, opium, methamphetamine, and Naas. Drug Use Tendency Scale was used to measure the attitudes of students towards drug use. Results The response rate was 93.7%. More than 82% of sample were public school students (n = 504). Current use of cigarette and marijuana was higher in private schools (12.2 and 3.0%, respectively) than public schools (4.4 and 0.5%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Perceived prevalence of cigarette smoking by classmates was higher among private school students. Conclusion Despite the popular belief that private schools are better than public schools regarding the risk of substance use, students who attend private schools may be at a higher risk of turning to some drugs comparing to public schools in Iran.

scholarly journals Sintomas Depressivos em Estudantes de Medicina e sua Relação com Variáveis Hormonais e Socioeconômicas

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Marcelo Rêgo de Paula ◽  
Vanessa Izidoro Alves Silva ◽  
Mariane Soriano Duarte Prado Tenorio ◽  
Daniela Queiroz Pinto ◽  
Camila Calado de Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract: Introduction: Depression disables and compromises quality of life, so that its high prevalence in medical students is a relevant problem. It is known that hormonal variables, such as cortisolemia, as well as socioeconomic factors can be related to the onset of depressive symptoms. This study aimed to verify the prevalence of depressive symptoms in medical students at a University Center in Maceió and analyze their correlation with serum cortisol levels, lifestyle and socioeconomic profile. Method: Quantitative, analytical and cross-sectional study of medical students from a private medical school in Maceió. A sample of 122 students participated in the study, which applied the Beck Depression Inventory, socioeconomic questionnaire and serum cortisol dosage. Results: Of the 78 women and 44 men participating in the study, 40 cases of depressive symptoms were identified (32.9%), of which 3 cases had severe depressive symptoms (2.5%), 9 cases had moderate depressive symptoms (7.4%) and 28 had mild depressive symptoms (23.0%). As for the cortisol levels, the mean value obtained was 12.72 µg/dL, with a maximum and minimum value of 29.7 µg/dL and 0.9 µg/dL, respectively. No correlation was found between depressive symptoms and morning serum cortisol levels in this study. Among the explanatory variables analyzed, only religion attained a statistically significant correlation with depressive symptoms, with a prevalence of higher scores in students who did not have a religion. Conclusion: It can be emphasized that there is a high prevalence of depression among medical students. The results obtained in this study show that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis alteration is not the only etiology associated with the development of depression. In turn, religious practice showed to be statistically significant in relation to the lowest rate of depressive symptoms, revealing itself as a probable protective factor against the development of depression.

scholarly journals Injection Drug use Practices and HIV infection among People Who Inject Drugs in Kigali, Rwanda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Olivier Twahirwa Rwema ◽  
Vianney Nizeyimana ◽  
Neia Prata Menezes ◽  
Nneoma E. Okonkwo ◽  
Amelia A. Mazzei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Variance Estimation ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background In Rwanda, epidemiological data characterizing people who inject drugs (PWID) and their burden of HIV are limited. We examined injecting drug use (IDU) history, practices, and HIV infection in a sample of PWID in Kigali. Methods From October 2019–February 2020, 322 PWID aged >18 were enrolled in a cross–sectional study using convenience sampling in Kigali. Participants underwent a structured interview and HIV testing. We used Poisson regression with robust variance estimation to assess IDU practices associated with HIV infection. Results The median age was 28 years(IQR:24–31) and 81%(248) were male. The median age at first injection was 23 years (IQR:20–27). HIV prevalence was 9.5%(95%CI:8.7–9.3). In the six months preceding the study, heroin was the primary drug of choice for 99%(303); but cocaine and methamphetamine were also reported by 10%(31) and 4%(12) respectively. Furthermore, 31%(94) and 33%(103) of participants, shared or reused needles in the previous six months, respectively. Up to 43%(133) knew someone who died from a drug–related overdose. PWID reporting sharing needles at least half the time in the previous six months had increased likelihood of HIV infection, compared to those who did not (aPR: 2.67; 95%CI:1.23–5.78). Conclusion HIV infection was common in this sample of PWID in Kigali. The high prevalence of needle reuse and sharing practices highlight significant risk for onward transmission and acquisition of HIV and hepatitis B and C. PWID–focused harm reduction services, including needle and syringe programs, safer injection education, naloxone distribution, and substance use disorder treatment programs, are needed in Rwanda.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with depression among higher secondary school adolescents of Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e044042
Author(s):  
Deepa Bhattarai ◽  
Nisha Shrestha ◽  
Shishir Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

ObjectiveThis study examined the prevalence and factors associated with depression among adolescents attending higher secondary schools in the Pokhara Metropolitan City of Nepal.DesignA cross-sectional study design was adopted.SettingFour randomly selected higher secondary schools of Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal.Participants312 randomly sampled higher secondary school students.MethodsThe Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used to assess the level of depression among students. The data collected through a self-administered questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistical methods such as frequency and percentage. χ2 test and unadjusted OR (UOR) were calculated to assess the statistical relationship between depression and various variables at 95% CI, with level of significance at p<0.05.ResultsThe study found a high prevalence of depression among high school students, with more than two-fifths (44.2%) of students having depression. Furthermore, almost a quarter (25.3%) of the students were noted to have mild depression and 18.9% of the students expressed major depression. Students who had low perceived social support (UOR: 3.604; 95% CI 2.088 to 6.220), did not share their problems with anyone (UOR: 1.931; 95% CI 1.228 to 3.038) and had low self-esteem (UOR: 5.282; 95% CI 2.994 to 9.319) were at higher odds of being depressed.ConclusionA high prevalence of depression was observed among high school students. It was also observed that students’ level of perceived social support, self-esteem and help-seeking behaviour are somehow related to their mental well-being. Hence, improving social support and self-esteem may alleviate depression and mental distress among these adolescents.

Prevalence of Neck Pain and Headaches: Impact of Computer Use and Other Associative Factors

Cephalalgia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Smith ◽  
Q Louw ◽  
L Crous ◽  
K Grimmer-Somers
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Pain Outcome

Headaches and neck pain are reported to be among the most prevalent musculoskeletal complaints in the general population. A significant body of research has reported a high prevalence of headaches and neck pain among adolescents. Sitting for lengthy periods in fixed postures such as at computer terminals may result in adolescent neck pain and headaches. The aim of this paper was to report the association between computer use (exposure) and headaches and neck pain (outcome) among adolescent school students in a developing country. A cross-sectional study was conducted and comprehensive description of the data collection instrument was used to collect the data from 1073 high-school students. Headaches were associated with high psychosocial scores and were more common among girls. We found a concerning association between neck pain and high hours of computing for school students, and have confirmed the need to educate new computer users (school students) about appropriate ergonomics and postural health.

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