scholarly journals ARCHITECTURE OF RURAL CHURCHES OF THE XVIII CENTURY IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Elena V. PONOMARENKO
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Rural Churches ◽  
State Program ◽  
Religious Architecture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Middle Volga

The study was carried out at the expense of the State Program of the Russian Federation “Development of Science and Technology” for 2013-2020 in the framework of the Plan of Basic Scientifi c Research of the Ministry of Construction of Russia and the RAASN, topic 1.2.14. The article att empts to analyze a wide range of issues related to the formation of the architecture of rural Orthodox churches in the middle Volga region in the 18th century. The layout, composition and stylistic features of the architecture of the region’s Orthodox churches are considered. The features of the regional religious architecture of the Middle Volga region are revealed. The extensive material of fi eld surveys is presented.

scholarly journals MOSCOW’S INFLUENCE IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF RURAL CLASSICAL CHURCHES IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Elena V. PONOMARENKO
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Religious Architecture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Rural Architecture ◽  
The 19Th Century

A study done at the expense of the State program of the Russian Federation “Science and technology” in the framework of the plan of basic scientifi c research Ministry of Russia and the RUSSIAN. In the article, an att empt has been made to the analysis of a wide range of issues related to the formation of the rural architecture of Orthodox churches in the territory of the Middle Volga region in the 19th century. Considered layout, composition and stylistic features of the architecture of Orthodox churches in the region. Peculiarities of regional religious architecture of the Middle Volga region. Provides extensive material fi eld surveys.

scholarly journals Sergey Vladimirovich Saksonov: in memoriam

Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Stepan A. Senator ◽  
Gennadiy S. Rozenberg ◽  
Vladimir M. Vasjukov ◽  
Valentin B. Golub
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
In Memoriam ◽  
Middle Volga

The article is dedicated to the memory of the famous researcher of the Middle Volga region flora, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Sergey Vladimirovich Saksonov. A brief analysis of the works and the main publications are given.

scholarly journals Occurrence of the birds of the Middle Volga Region (South-East of the European part of Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Klenina ◽  
Alexander Ruchin ◽  
Evgenii Bykov
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acoustic Methods ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
First Time

Birds are the most numerous and widespread group of higher vertebrates. Due to the peculiarities of their biology, birds play an important role in nature and in human life. Ornithological studies described in this publication were conducted in seven regions of the Middle Volga Region (Chuvashia, Mordovia, Tatarstan, Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Ulyanovsk and Penza Regions) from 1978 to 2021. Visual and acoustic methods were used to study the species composition during field studies. In total, 5065 birdoccurrences belonging to 157 species, 48 families and 19 orders were registered. All occurrences have a geographical reference. The large volume of data collected, the wide geographical coverage and the long-term nature of the observations determined the value of their inclusion in the GBIF and the need for publication in the Biodiversity Data Journal. We are publishing our original data on the coordinates of bird occurrences in the Middle Volga Region for the first time. Most of the original information about bird occurrences was contained in field diaries and was not available to a wide range of researchers. All 5065 occurrences are new to GBIF.

scholarly journals Agritourism and architecture of typical churches in Cossack settlements in the Middle Volga

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 10009
Author(s):  
Elena Ponomarenko ◽  
Ludmila Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Middle Volga

The article analyzes the tourist potential of the cult architectural heritage of the Middle Volga region for agrotourism. The urgency of the problem under investigation is determined by the ever-increasing interest in architectural traditions of ethnical and sub-ethnical communities in various Russia’s regions, including the Cossacks. The methodology of the study is based on a comprehensive architectural historical analysis of the layouts and design of churches in Cossack settlements in the region. The author analyzes a wide range of issues related to the architectural layout, composition and character of churches in Cossack settlements in the 16th–20th centuries. The paper reveals an interesting stratum of regional heritage. It contains a description and analysis of little-known architectural monuments based on the author’s field surveys of the remaining settlements. The work includes examination of comprehensive archival data from local and central archives, as well as rich graphical material. The findings in this paper can provide a framework to further research in the area of architecture culture of the Cossacks in the Mid Volga regions.

Expenditures of Rural Societies and Volost Boards in the 1880s – 1890s (Based on the Materials of the Middle Volga Region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-369
Author(s):  
Tatyana A. Pershina ◽  
Tatyana V. Shitova
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Structural Methods

Introduction. The comparative analysis of the expenditure part of rural and township budgets of the Middle Volga provinces in the 1880s – 1890s is presented. Materials and Methods. The study is based on the comparative method. Quantitative, problem-chronological, system analysis and structural methods were of auxiliary importance. Results. The comparison of data on the Middle Volga provinces shows that in the 1880s – early 1890s, the mundane expenses of rural societies were twice as high as the costs of the volost boards. A significant part of the worldly fees went to pay employees of volost boards; much more modest funds were allocated to representatives of peasant self-government bodies, and, in their totality, these funds were steadily declining at the end of the XIX century. Discussion. In many areas of the Middle Volga region in the 1890s, rural electors did not receive any payment at all. The item of expenditure of local self-government bodies designated as “other expenses for the management and conduct of all kinds of public affairs”, which included the costs of renting apartments for officials, paying for the travel of officials and elected officials, delivering taxes to the treasury, the costs of conducting court cases, hiring servants and accounting officials was quite noticeable for rural societies at the very beginning of the 1890s, but gradually decreased. The amounts spent under this article by rural societies significantly exceeded the volost ones. During the period under review, the protection of public safety and fire-fighting measures were financed mainly from the fees of rural societies. An important component of the “mundane budgets” were the so-called “agricultural expenditures”, which included a wide range of operations aimed at organizing agriculture and animal husbandry. Conclusion. The reform of taxation and the system of local self-government in Russia in the 60–70s of the XIX century provided rural societies with wider opportunities for spending funds to meet urgent needs. A certain independence in the approval of expenditure items can be traced in the specifics of the costs of individual volosts and rural societies of the Middle Volga provinces. Allocating a significant part of worldly fees for payments to employees of volost boards, the peasantry preferred to minimize their own expenses on self-government bodies. The costs of “managing and conducting all kinds of public affairs” were quite palpable for the villagers at the very beginning of the 1890s, but also gradually decreased.

scholarly journals Safety and Sanitary Conditions of Industrial Enterprises of the Middle Volga in the Late XIX – Early XX Centuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-371
Author(s):  
Andrey E. Makushev
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Introduction. The acceleration of the processes of industrial modernization, observed in the late XIX – early XX centuries, led to the formation of an industrial environment that inevitably had a negative impact on humans. In these conditions the task of monitoring by the authorities the situation at industrial enterprises in terms of the development of certain indicators and standards in the field of protecting the life and health of workers, as well as the responsibility of entrepreneurs for their non-compliance, was updated. In this paper an attempt was made to consider the situation of workers employed at large industrial enterprises of the Middle Volga region in the late XIX – early XX centuries, from the standpoint of ensuring safety and sanitary standards, as well as measures taken by business, public and state structures to neutralize the harmful effects techno genic environment on the health of industrial workers. Methods. To solve the tasks set, we used elements of the methods of socio-institutional and legal analysis, which allowed us to consider the object of study in a wide range of socio-economic and institutional-legal relations. The use of modernization theory allowed us to include the activities carried out in the late XIX – early XX centuries to ensure safety and sanitary standards at industrial enterprises in the trend of industrial modernization at the level of social sub-processes. Results. Based on a study of archival and published sources, as well as available scientific literature on the topic, the process of institutionalization and the formation of a legal base for activities to monitor compliance with industrial safety and sanitary standards in the late XIX – early XX centuries was considered. The analysis of the situation of workers in the factories of the provinces of the Middle Volga in terms of labor safety and sanitary conditions. The activities of the factory inspection to identify violations of established rules and standards, as well as the investigation of accidents with industrial workers associated with inadequate security and non-compliance with safety measures, are investigated. Discussion and Conclusion. At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, a system of public and state control over safety measures and sanitary conditions at industrial enterprises was formed in Russia. And the most important role was given to the factory inspection institute. At the same time there was a process of developing a regulatory framework and technical regulations designed to provide support for such activities. All this made possible to achieve certain successes in this area, which were the result of efforts undertaken by society and state institutions. Nevertheless, in the field of ensuring safety and sanitary standards, a large number of problems remained at the industrial enterprises of the Middle Volga provinces. This is evidenced, in particular, by the growth of industrial injuries in the factories and plants of the Middle Volga Region supervised by factory inspections, which was observed at the beginning of the 20th century. However, for the most part this was due to an increase in the number of industrial enterprises and workers employed by them, the complication of technical and technological processes, as well as an increase in labor intensification. At the same time, the positive results achieved in ensuring the safety of industrial labor are evidenced by a significant decrease in the number of fatal accidents. In many respects, this was the result of the activities of the factory inspection, which insistently demanded that the owners of factories take the necessary measures to ensure safety and sanitary standards when organizing industrial work and punishable for violation of applicable rules.

scholarly journals СФЕРОКОНИЧЕСКИЕ СОСУДЫ ЦАРЕВСКОГО ГОРОДИЩА

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Алсу Ренатовна Нуретдинова
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Islamic Archaeology ◽  
Small Finds ◽  
Near Eastern Studies

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