A page in the history of Soviet clinical medicine: the establishment of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences and the formalisation of the therapeutic elite (1944–1948)

For the first time in the history of obstetrics and gynecology gives information about the structure and activities of the scientific school of academician G. E. Rein, implemented in the first half of the 20th century not only in Russian Empire, the RSFSR and the USSR, but at the medical faculty of Sofia University (Bulgaria). The best of the students, who founded their own schools in the USSR are identified. They included professors, headed the departments of obstetrics and gynecology in Russian, Soviet and Bulgarian universities (medical schools): G. G. Bruno, V. L. Lozinsky, A. P. Neelov, G. F. Pisemsky, A. A. Redlikh, K. K. Skrobansky, I. V. Sudakov, A. P. Yakhontov, also D. Stamatov and B. Trichkov. Under the guidance of academician G. E. Rein they not only acquired practical skills or solved scientific problem of his time, but continued to develop their own original ideas and research directions suggested by his teacher, sharing and improving the proposals in obstetrics and gynecology. During the Civil War (1918-1920) scientific school of academician G. E. Rein suffered significant losses: in Kiev was killed professor G. G. Bruno (1919), Petrograd professor A. A. Redlikh (1919), the founder of the school, emigrated from Russia... To this day, its activity has not been the object of research, although prominent members of this school have achieved outstanding success, becoming one of the first academicians of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences in specialty “Obstetrics and Gynecology” (K. K. Skrobansky) or the founder of the national Obstetrics and Gynecology in Bulgaria (D. Stamatov). Hence, further research in the field of formation and activity of the scientific school of academician G. E. Rein is an actual scientific task.

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Dmitry A. Zhdanov ― the Founder of the Functional Anatomy of the Lymphatic System (to the 110th Birth Anniversary)

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences ◽

10.15690/vramn967 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 69-73

Author(s):

V. N. Nikolenko ◽

V. A. Kudryashova ◽

M. V. Oganesyan ◽

N. A. Rizaeva ◽

F. H. Zakirov

Keyword(s):

History Of Medicine ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Lymphatic System ◽

Ussr Academy ◽

Functional Anatomy ◽

Scientific Work ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Data Description ◽

New Information ◽

History Of

D.A. Zhdanov is the eminent member of Russian anatomy school, member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, great lymphologist, talented master and wise mentor whose 110th jubilee is held this year. Having introduced completely new way of teaching and learning anatomy, Zhdanov expanded knowledge of functions and structure of lymphatic system, presented new information unknown before and determined direction of further studies for his disciples. Being the founder of functional anatomy of the lymphatic system, D.A. Zhdanov brought up a lot of scientists of morphology who developed the aspects he had noticed. The article reveals main directions of Zhdanov’s occupation and activity (studying the lymphatic system, mentorship and tutorship); major findings and methods which he used in his researche works; his interesting and many-sided personality. The article also describes works of D.A. Zhdanov in other scientific areas such as history of medicine and art, analyzes his international scientific work and role in formation of the Russian anatomy school, presents some biographical data, description of researches and recollections of colleagues.

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Russian gastroenterology as an autonomous clinical discipline and the role of academician Vladimir Kh. Vasilenko, member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences

Voprosy dietologii ◽

10.20953/2224-5448-2021-1-57-61 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 57-61

Author(s):

V.I. Borodulin ◽

Keyword(s):

Clinical Medicine ◽

Ussr Academy ◽

Bright Light ◽

Leadership Team ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

The Third ◽

Wide Range ◽

Physician Scientist ◽

Outstanding Leadership

The process of differentiation of clinical medicine and the formation of multiple new clinical disciplines substituting former therapy and surgery is an important stage of the historical development of clinical internal medicine in Russia, stretching over the third quarter of the 20th century. The author illustrates this process by the example of gastroenterology, showing the constitutive role of academician V.Kh.Vasilenko. Addressing a wide range of sources (literature, archives, including family records; memoirs and personal memories), he creates a faithful portrait of V.Kh.Vasilenko – a physician, scientist, citizen, and a human being. The author holds the opinion that V.Kh.Vasilenko, along with I.A.Kassirskiy and A.L.Myasnikov, who were part of the outstanding leadership team of the therapeutic elite of their time – radiated especially bright light, had an amazingly brilliant talent and unique personality. Key words: V.Kh.Vasilenko, physician, scientist, citizen, human

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Political psychology

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/oh.2013.29582 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 154 (16) ◽

pp. 619-626

Author(s):

Mária Resch ◽

Tamás Bella

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Political Psychology ◽

Group Dynamics ◽

Political Institutions ◽

Cognitive Mapping ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Political Processes ◽

Behavioural Patterns ◽

Essential Components ◽

History Of

In Hungary one can mostly find references to the psychological processes of politics in the writings of publicists, public opinion pollsters, philosophers, social psychologists, and political analysts. It would be still important if not only legal scientists focusing on political institutions or sociologist-politologists concentrating on social structures could analyse the psychological aspects of political processes; but one could also do so through the application of the methods of political psychology. The authors review the history of political psychology, its position vis-à-vis other fields of science and the essential interfaces through which this field of science, which is still to be discovered in Hungary, connects to other social sciences. As far as its methodology comprising psycho-biographical analyses, questionnaire-based queries, cognitive mapping of interviews and statements are concerned, it is identical with the psychiatric tools of medical sciences. In the next part of this paper, the focus is shifted to the essence and contents of political psychology. Group dynamics properties, voters’ attitudes, leaders’ personalities and the behavioural patterns demonstrated by them in different political situations, authoritativeness, games, and charisma are all essential components of political psychology, which mostly analyses psychological-psychiatric processes and also involves medical sciences by relying on cognitive and behavioural sciences. This paper describes political psychology, which is basically part of social sciences, still, being an interdisciplinary science, has several ties to medical sciences through psychological and psychiatric aspects. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 619–626.

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Cadaver surgical training in Japan: its past, present, and ideal future perspectives

Surgery Today ◽

10.1007/s00595-021-02330-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Toshiaki Shichinohe ◽

Eiji Kobayashi

Keyword(s):

Surgical Training ◽

Clinical Medicine ◽

Medical Schools ◽

Professional Autonomy ◽

Cadaver Dissection ◽

Private Companies ◽

Promotion Committee ◽

History Of ◽

Operating Organization ◽

Japan Surgical Society

AbstractThe framework for cadaver surgical training (CST) in Japan was established in 2012, based on the “Guidelines for Cadaver Dissection in Education and Research of Clinical Medicine” of the Japan Surgical Society (JSS) and the Japanese Association of Anatomists. Subsequently, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare allocated funding from its budget for CST. By 2019, CST was being practiced in 33 medical schools and universities. Currently, the CST Promotion Committee of the JSS reviews each CST report submitted by medical schools and universities and provides guidance based on professional autonomy. This paper outlines the history of CST in Japan and presents a plan for its future. To sustain and oversee CST implementation, an operating organization, funded by stakeholders, such as government agencies, academic societies, and private companies, is needed.

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Typh fevers: a combination of Typhoid and Typhus

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v8i6.18270 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 40-41

Author(s):

Robin George Manappallil

Keyword(s):

Typhoid Fever ◽

Similar Pattern ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Young Lady ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Rickettsial Infection ◽

History Of ◽

Typhus Fever

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi, while typhus fever is a rickettsial infection. In both cases the patients present with almost similar pattern of illness and are often misdiagnosed. This is the case of a young lady who presented with 10 days history of fever and was diagnosed to have typhoid fever. She continued to be febrile despite ceftriaxone therapy. She was later found to have a typhus coinfection and improved with addition of doxycycline.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 40-41

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History of the foundation and development of the Institute of Atmospheric Optics of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (currently known as the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences)

10.1117/12.370473 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

Vladimir E. Zuev

Keyword(s):

Ussr Academy ◽

Atmospheric Optics ◽

Siberian Branch ◽

Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽

History Of ◽

Academy Of Sciences

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The history of basilar artery occlusion: when art aids science

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20180030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 76 (5) ◽

pp. 355-357

Author(s):

Francisco Antunes Dias ◽

Daniel Giansante Abud ◽

Octavio Marques Pontes-Neto

Keyword(s):

Basilar Artery ◽

Rare Condition ◽

Reperfusion Therapy ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Basilar Artery Occlusion ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT Basilar artery occlusion (BAO) ischemic stroke is a relatively rare condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. To date, the best acute reperfusion therapy for BAO has still not been established, mainly due to the lack of randomized controlled trials in this field. In this article, we review the history of BAO diagnosis and treatment, and the impact of modern technological resources on the clinical evolution and prognosis of BAO over time. Furthermore, we describe historical events and nonmedical literature descriptions related to BAO. We conclude that BAO is a singular example of how art may help medical sciences with accurate descriptions of medical conditions.

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PROFESSOR PETR KAZIMIROVICH YABLONSKIY (to the 60th anniversary of the birth)

Grekov s Bulletin of Surgery ◽

10.24884/0042-4625-2019-178-6-76-79 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 178 (6) ◽

pp. 76-79

Author(s):

E. G. Sokolovich ◽

G. G. Guseva

Keyword(s):

Thoracic Surgery ◽

Clinical Medicine ◽

Organizational Capabilities ◽

City Hospital ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

60Th Anniversary ◽

Bilateral Lung Transplantation ◽

Scientific Potential ◽

Bilateral Lung ◽

First Time

The article is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding representative of the St. Petersburg medical school and thoracic surgery of the country, the talented scientist and teacher, doctor of medical sciences, professor Petr Kazimirovich Yablonskiy. P. K. Yablonskiy is the founder of many progressive endeavors in medicine: the study of the fundamental principles of respiratory transplantation implemented in the world’s first successful simultaneous allotransplantation of the trachea (1991) and the first successful bilateral lung transplantation in the Russian Federation; the creation of the Russian school of interventional pulmonology and the St. Petersburg school of breast endovascular surgery; the development and implementation for the first time in world practice of the concept of using robot-assisted operations in the treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Significant scientific potential and high organizational capabilities allowed P. K. Yablonskiy to lead and actively develop the Center for Intensive Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery on the basis of the multidisciplinary city hospital; the Department of Hospital Surgery, and then the Faculty of Medicine of St. Petersburg University; St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology. The great experience in clinical medicine and the organization of public health contributed to his appointment as the chief freelance specialist – the thoracic surgeon of the Ministry of Health of the country, and also allowed him to head the Association of Thoracic Surgeons and the National Association of TB specialists, created by him.

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