scholarly journals GERMANY THROUGH THE PRISM OF RUSSIAN PROPAGANDA POSTCARDS FROM WORLD WAR I

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3/2) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
E. V. MIRONOVA
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Front Side ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Image Creation ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Visual Materials ◽  
The Great War

Our perception of the world and current events is formed through  diverse and often contradictory sources. It is always amended and  augmented throughout the unceasing process of information  consumption. Since the beginning of the XX century this process has  been more and more governed by images. That is why the  great powers drawn in the Great War were actively using visual  materials for propaganda purposes: to steer their people towards  confrontation and to create “the image of the enemy”. The issue “construction of an enemy” does not lose its relevance due to  the fact that today’s media wars propaganda principles and  techniques are still the same as they were one hundred years ago.  The article describes the milestones of the enemy image creation  and gives a thorough analysis of Russian propaganda postcards from the World War I in order to outline the key features of German  enemy figure. The emphasis is made on the idea that the image of  Germany is ambivalent: the country and its citizens were pictured  differently. The postcards serve as sources of the current study since they were one of the main means of communication during the war  time and one of the most effective propaganda tools: people used to  distribute the postcards themselves, thus creating an emotional  bond between the recipient and the image on the front side. The  novelty of the research is attributable to the fact that this issue has  not been considered through the prism of historical imagology. 

GERMANY’S IMAGE IN THE RUSSIAN PROPAGANDA POSTCARDS FROM THE WORLD WAR I

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta V. Mironova
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Front Side ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Image Creation ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Visual Materials ◽  
The Great War

Our perception of the world and current events is formed through diverse and often contradictory sources. It is always amended und augmented throughout the unceasing process of information consumption. Since the beginning of the XXth century this process has been more and more governed by images. That is why the great powers drawn in the Great War were actively using visual materials for propaganda purposes: to steer their people towards confrontation and to create “the image of the enemy”. The issue “construction of an enemy” does not lose its relevance due to the fact that today’s media wars propaganda principles and techniques are still the same as they were one hundred years ago. The article describes the milestones of the enemy image creation and gives a thorough analysis of Russian propaganda postcards from the World War I in order to outline the key features of German enemy figure. The emphasis is made on the idea that the image of Germany is ambivalent: the country and its citizens were pictured differently. The postcards serve as sources of the current study since they were one of the main means of communication during the war time and one of the most effective propaganda tools: people used to distribute the postcards themselves, thus creating an emotional bond between the recipient and the image on the front side. The novelty of the research is attributable to the fact that this issue has not been considered through the prism of historical imagology.

scholarly journals THE CAUSES OF WORLD WAR 3: CLASS, GEOPOLITICS AND HEGEMONY IN THE 21ST CENTURY – A RE-READING OF ARRIGHI, THROUGH MCDERMOTT, SCHUMPETER AND VEBLEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Colatrella
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Current System ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
World War ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Current Configuration ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Economic Bloc

This article investigates some of the reasons behind the events that led to a recent shift in international relations towards the global geopolitical and a renewed competition between the great powers. The aim is to point out important ideas of authors and put them to dialogue between each other. It calls attention to the possibility of an alternative political and economic bloc being built around China against a decline of US power. These points are deepened when it is identified other key features of the current system that involves the discussion about classes. The current configuration of class alliances and states involves the complex dynamics of the working classes in the Global South, the use of debt as a means of domination by the economic and financial world, as well as the new professional middle class - that give values to knowledge, technology and democracy. It is these relationships and their interface with the existing political power that permeate the revival of the global geopolitics, influencing not only current events, but also any possibility of thinking an alternative for governance and international framework - or even the failure of this and a consequent and possible new conflict worldwide.

scholarly journals The Serbian idea in an era of confused historical consciousness

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Milovan Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Concentration Camps ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Interpretation

This paper, represents a hypothetical consideration of the phenomenology of the Serbian national idea, within the traumatic circumstances of the breakup of the Yugoslav state at the end of the 20th century, when the Serbian national issue was reopened in an exceptionally unfavorable geopolitical context for the Serbian people. The author specifically analyzes the ideological and political factors behind the Serbian confusion with the theoretical framework of Agnes Heller's critical interpretation of history, which speaks of the 'confusion of historical consciousness' that began with World War I and was magnified by the Holocaust, Hiroshima, the Gulag and the European concentration camps. The author of this article adds the great Powers' Balkan interventions during the world wars to their dishonorable historical legacy, ending with their role in the creation and the breakup of Yugoslavia, at the expense of the Serbian people. The conclusion contains an appeal for a more rational national self-consciousness, founded in positive Serbian tradition and real insights into the social conditions that determine the processes in today's Serbian society and its environment.

scholarly journals Anarchy Is What Explains the History of International Relations

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
William C. Wohlforth
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
International Relations ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Political Realism ◽  
World War ◽  
National Interests ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Antecedents ◽  
The Great War

The article examines the major events of the two previous centuries of international relations through main concepts of political realism. The author argues that in order to understand the present dilemmas and challenges of international politics, we need to know the past. Every current major global problem has historical antecedents. History from the late 19th century constitutes the empirical foundation of much theoretical scholarship on international politics. The breakdown of the Concert of Europe and the outbreak of the devastating global conflagration of World War I are the events that sparked the modern study of international relations. The great war of 1914 to 1918 underlined the tragic wastefulness of the institution of war. It caused scholars to confront one of the most enduring puzzles of the study of international relations, why humans continue to resort to this self-destructive method of conflict resolution? The article shows that the main explanation is the anarchical system of international relations. It produces security dilemma, incentives to free ride and uncertainty of intentions among great powers making war a rational tool to secure their national interests.

The Russo-Japanese War and the German Wars for Hegemony, 1890–1939

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale C. Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
World War ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Global War ◽  
First World

This chapter explores the origins of three of the four most important wars of the first half of the twentieth century: the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–5, World War I, and World War II in Europe. These three wars had more than just a chronological connection to one another. The Russo-Japanese War helped solidify the diplomatic and economic alignments of the great powers in the decade before 1914, while the disaster of the First World War clearly set the stage for the rise of Nazism and the outbreak of yet another global war a generation later. This chapter focuses on providing a fairly comprehensive account of the causes of the Russo-Japanese War, confining the discussion of the world wars to the economic determinants of those conflicts.

scholarly journals Human losses of the Samara Region during the World War I (1914-1918)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-185
Author(s):  
Olga Yuryevna Igoshina
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Information Resource ◽  
Place Of Death ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Military Rank ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Great War ◽  
Human Losses

The paper considers the problem of human losses of the Samara province during the World War I for the first time. The author uses the documents posted on the electronic portal Memory of the Heroes of the Great War of 1914-1918, a unique information resource that is the first official bank of original documents of the state and departmental archives of Russia about the participants and events of the World War I. Special attention in this work is paid to irretrievable human losses, as the most severe and irreparable. It is established that the archival materials contain 258,686 records of various types of losses among conscripts from the Samara province, 49,015 of them speak of the dead, those who died of wounds and missing. They accounted for 13% of the total losses of the region. It is revealed that the data bank makes it possible to detail the human damage by cities, counties, volosts of the province, the cause, date and place of death, military rank and participation in strategic operations. The author has concluded that a number of the obtained parameters are related to the specifics of accounting for human losses during the studied period, but the knowledge obtained makes it possible to assess the scale of the demographic catastrophe that shook the country and the province during the World War I.

The Surprise of Prohibition

Hoptopia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Kopp
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
World War ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Eighteenth Amendment ◽  
The Great War

The threat of prohibition inspired Willamette Valley hop growers to join their farming brethren on the Pacific Coast to enter a political fight. It was a fight, however, that failed, as Oregon voters approved an initiative to prohibit the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcohol five years before Congress ratified the Eighteenth Amendment. Many hop growers abandoned the trade in fear of prohibition, along with others farmers that moved in the direction of grain, fruits, and vegetables to help in the World War I era. But those who stayed planted in hops were wise to do so. As the Great War unfolded in Europe, agricultural lands lay ruined. Additionally, Germany’s aggression corroded their hold on the international hop market. Willamette Valley growers seized the opportunity to expand their distribution shortly after the war and through the 1920s. So great was the success that even during Prohibition that eliminated domestic beer markets, Oregon growers expanded acreage in every year of the “dry decade.”

scholarly journals Evolution of British Perceptions of World War I

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Ekaterina ROMANOVA
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Great War ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
The Great War

In British tradition, the World War I is almost invariably accompanied by the epithet "Great." This war's memory is passed down from generation to generation, living in family archives and museum collections. However, British views on the Great War have evolved over the course of a century. The article examines how, among intellectual and political elite, the perception of the WWI has been changing and correlating with domestic and world developments.

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