The Method of Increasing the Cognitive Potential of a Person (R. Feuerstein and R. Guzman)

The article is devoted to the description and analysis of method of development of intelligence Reuven of Feierstein, a distinguished Israeli scholar and a follower of J. Piaget and L.S. Vygotsky. Based on theoretical experience of his great predecessors R. Feuerstein has developed practical methods to develop cognitive functions in children. A significant role is given to training in adult (mediator), whose tasks include the direction and organization of the learning process by using specially developed techniques. Later, Israeli psychologist R. Guzman has adapted these methods for children suffering from Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder, as well as for born blind people. The exception of the visual perception channel in the proposed set of original methods allows children suffering from Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder, to avoid extra stimulation of brain activity and to focus on completing the tasks given by the mediator. Meanwhile, using the tactile methods when working with born blind people, on the contrary, promotes creating “the library of visual images”. Carrying out consistent lessons based on tactile methodology lead to the behavior correction of the children who suffer from Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder and of born blind people of all age groups, as well as it caused the development of immature or absent cognitive functions.

Download Full-text

The Concept of an Interactive Device for Children's Lower Limbs Rehabilitation

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.198.594 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 198 ◽

pp. 594-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Iwona Chuchnowska ◽

Agnieszka Sękala

Keyword(s):

Young Patient ◽

Spatial Orientation ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Interactive System ◽

Activity Measurement ◽

Rehabilitation Process ◽

Mental Stimulation ◽

Stimulation Of

This paper presents an interactive system for childrens lower limbs rehabilitation, which aims to satisfy the essential requirements for progress in rehabilitation by stimulating a childs senses through image and sound. Brain activity measurement with an EEG sensor is used as a function steering the rehabilitation process. Through the interactive integration of the function of movement rehabilitation with mental stimulation of a child it will be possible to support the development of cognitive functions, cause-effect thinking, stimulation of the senses and to improve coordination and spatial orientation of the young patient and also encourage and motivate them to participate fully during therapy.

Download Full-text

SoundScript – Supporting the Acquisition of Character Writing by Multisensory Integration

The Open Psychology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874350101508010230 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 230-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Alfred Oliver Effenberg ◽

Gerd Schmitz ◽

Florian Baumann ◽

Bodo Rosenhahn ◽

Daniela Kroeger

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Visual Perception ◽

Multisensory Integration ◽

Learning Process ◽

Structural Correlation ◽

Integration Sites ◽

Movement Sonification ◽

Specific Shape ◽

Internal Character ◽

Stimulation Of

This work is introducing a new movement sonification method called ´SoundScript´ to support the acquisition of character writing by children. SoundScript creates ´sound traces´ from the writing trace in real-time during the process of handwriting. The structural correlation of both – optic and acoustic – traces leads to an integrated audio-visual perception of writing with the expected stimulation of multisensory integration sites of the CNS. Data of a pilot study are introduced indicating that the writing kinematics is reproduced more adequately if additional sound traces are available during writing. In the future SoundScript shall be applied to verify if the establishment of internal character representations can be accelerated, if the conciseness of the specific shape of the particular characters can be made stronger and if thereby the efficiency of the handwriting learning process can be enhanced.

Download Full-text

Quantitative evaluation of slow fluctuations of the volume of liquids inside cranial cavity

Russian Osteopathic Journal ◽

10.32885/2220-0975-2019-1-2-51-63 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 51-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yu. E. Moskalenko ◽

T. I. Kravchenko ◽

Yu. V. Novozhilova

Keyword(s):

Brain Activity ◽

Sampling Rate ◽

Age Groups ◽

Pulse Amplitude ◽

Cranial Cavity ◽

Current Frequency ◽

Physiological Indicators ◽

Physiological Phenomenon ◽

Long Time ◽

Manned Space

Introduction. Slow fl uctuations in the volume and pressure of liquids in the cranial cavity have been known for a long time and have been studied for more than 100 years. However, their quantitative indicators and their practical signifi cance remain unclear until now due to the diffi culties of research. Nevertheless, it was found that they were connected with the brain activity, which made it possible to use them as one of the physiological indicators in studying the problems of manned space fl ights. Goal of research — to study the possibility of using spectral analysis of slow fl uctuations of the volume of liquids inside the cranium in order to realize the quantitative assessment of their indicators with the use of modern microelectronics and computer technology.Materials and methods. In order to solve this problem we created a complex, in which rheoencephalograph-RG-01 («Mizar») was used as a converter-modulator of physiological signals into electrical oscillations. The device was connected with the ADC (Firm «ADIstrument»), Its software allows to calculate the spectrogram with a sampling rate of 128 kHz. Studies were conducted on volunteers of younger, middle and older age groups. The respiratory rate and the electrocardiography were registered together with the rheoencephalography. Electrodes were fi xed on the volonteers′ fronto-mastoid area.Results. Slow fl uctuations the cranium representan independent physiological phenomenon. The most considerable and valuable were fl uctuations in 0,1–0,3 Hz. It was found that current frequency of 100 or 200 kHz and frequency for quantization of 80–100 kHz was optimal for performing their spectrograms. The structure of such diagram consists of 4–7 peaks with amplitude of 0,4–0,7 units compared with REG pulse amplitude. They depend on age and are characterized by hemispheric asymmetry. Spectral diagrams of slow fl ucation inside cranium are representing inpendent physiological phenomenon. These fl uctuations are not connected by common origin, with heart activity and respiration. They are connected by nature with brain activity and PRM.Conclusion. Can be an informative method for diagnostic and assessment of general status of osteopathic patients well as for the assessment of mechanisms of action of some osteopathic techniques.

Download Full-text

QUALITY OF LIFE IN ATTENTION-DEFICIT/ HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS

مجلة دراسات الطفولة ◽

10.21608/jsc.2019.80720 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (10) ◽

pp. 0-0

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Age Groups ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder

Download Full-text

Enhanced Expectation of External Sensations of the Chest Regulates the Emotional Perception of Fearful Faces

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11070946 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 946

Author(s):

Won-Mo Jung ◽

In-Seon Lee ◽

Ye-Seul Lee ◽

Yeonhee Ryu ◽

Hi-Joon Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Cues ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Body Parts ◽

Emotional Perception ◽

Fearful Faces ◽

Bodily Sensations ◽

Facial Expression Classification ◽

Bodily States ◽

Expression Classification ◽

Stimulation Of

Emotional perception can be shaped by inferences about bodily states. Here, we investigated whether exteroceptive inferences about bodily sensations in the chest area influence the perception of fearful faces. Twenty-two participants received pseudo-electrical acupuncture stimulation at three different acupoints: CV17 (chest), CV23 (chin), and PC6 (left forearm). All stimuli were delivered with corresponding visual cues, and the control condition included visual cues that did not match the stimulated body sites. After the stimulation, the participants were shown images with one of five morphed facial expressions, ranging from 100% fear to 100% disgust, and asked to classify them as fearful or disgusted. Brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging during the facial expression classification task. When the participants expected that they would receive stimulation of the chest (CV17), the ratio of fearful to non-fearful classifications decreased compared to the control condition, and brain activities within the periaqueductal gray and the default mode network decreased when they viewed fearful faces. Our findings suggest that bodily sensations around the chest, but not the other tested body parts, were selectively associated with fear perception and that altering external inferences inhibited the perception of fearful faces.

Download Full-text

Comparison of cognitive functions children with the autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.498 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S457-S458

Author(s):

N. Zvereva ◽

N. Simashkova ◽

A. Koval-Zaitsev

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Visual Perception ◽

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Early Onset ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Early Onset Schizophrenia ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Autistic Disorders

IntroductionAutism spectrum disorder and early onset schizophrenia have many similar symptoms, however, these are different disorders. It is important to identify the main similarities\differences in the structure of cognitive impairment to define further assistance these children correctly. We distinguished two options for cognitive defect (total and partial) in children with schizophrenia.AimsComparison of cognitive functions at children with autism spectrum disorder and early onset schizophrenia.ObjectivesTwo groups with autism spectrum disorder (ASD1 – 22 patients of MHRC mean age 8.9; ASD2 – 27 pupils of special school mean age 7,4). Two groups with early onset schizophrenia (F20.8 – 16 patients of MHRC mean age 10,2; F21 – 18 patients of MHRC mean age 10.0).MethodsBattery of pathopsychological tests for assessing cognitive functions (memory, attention, thinking), test figures of Leeper for visual perception. Z-scales were used for estimation of cognitive deficit or defect.ResultsPatients demonstrate variety of cognitive functioning. Normal cognitive functioning: ASD1* – 22%, F20.8 – 18%, F21* – 50% (* – P ≤ 0.05); partial cognitive defect: ASD1 – 27%, F20.8 – 18%, F21 – 22%; total cognitive defect: ASD1** – 50%, F20.8 – 64%, F21** – 27% (** – P ≤ 0.01). ASD1 and F20 were the worth in thinking. Children ASD1 and ASD2 demonstrate similar success in recognizing Leeper's figures.ConclusionsThere are some common features of cognitive development in children with severe forms of ASD and early onset schizophrenia, first of all in thinking.No significant differences obtained between severe – mild forms of autistic disorders in visual perception (ASD1 and ASD2).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Download Full-text

EEG analysis of brain activity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during an attention task

2017 IEEE 3rd International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry (RTSI) ◽

10.1109/rtsi.2017.8065955 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Allwin Alex ◽

S. Coelli ◽

A. M. Bianchi ◽

L. Ponzini ◽

E. Buzzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Eeg Analysis ◽

Attention Task ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder

Download Full-text

DOSAGE OF DRUGS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN: III. NEOSTIGMINE

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.18.1.31 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 31-38

Author(s):

Paul R. Patterson ◽

Earle L. Lipton ◽

Klaus R. Unna ◽

Kurt Glaser

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Gastrointestinal Motility ◽

Age Groups ◽

Sweat Glands ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Controlled Experiments ◽

Hypodermic Injection ◽

Effective Doses ◽

In Infants And Children ◽

Stimulation Of

The susceptibility of healthy children to neostigmine by hypodermic injection was studied in controlled experiments on 45 children ranging in age from 1 month to 12 years. Minimum effective doses (MED) of neostigmine were determined by their effect in stimulating salivary and sweat glands, and in increasing gastrointestinal motility. The MED of neostigmine for stimulation of salivation is in all age groups smaller (by 6 to 38 per cent) than the MED increasing gastrointestinal motility. The average MED either for glandular (.025 to .036 mg./kg.) or gastrointestinal (.036 to .045 mg./kg.) activity fails to show significant differences among the various age groups when expressed in terms of body weight. Exceptions were found exclusively in children weighing more than 30 kg. The findings do not support the view that a physiologic vagotonia is present in infants.

Download Full-text