scholarly journals Epidemiological characteristics of infections associated with delivery of health care in surgical departments

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A Orlova ◽  
V. G Akimkin ◽  
A. V Chistova ◽  
N. P Efremova
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Delivery Of Health Care ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The One ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

For the present time the problem ofprevention and treatment of infections associated with the delivery of health care (IAHC) in surgical departments remains to be the one of the most important worldwide. IAHC aggravate the general state ofpatients and increase the duration of hospital stay. Aim: to perform the analysis of IAHC in surgical departments with bearing in mind their nosological forms and etiological features. At the base of the analysis there was taken an analysis of4504 cases of IAHC, recorded in surgical departments in Chelyabinsk for 9 years. In the structure of IAHC the prevalent place was occupied by infections in the area of surgical interventions and respiratory tract infections - 44.5% and 43.3%, respectively. There was noted the change in the structure of IAHC: the number of recorded infections in surgery tends to decrease (from 66.4% in 2004 to 31.1% in 2012), while the number of recorded bloodstream infections and urinary tract infections is increasing annually (from 0 in 2004 to 8.6% and 7.0% respectively in 2012). In the etiological interpretation of IAHC the plenty large enough part (from 5.8% of infections of the urinary system and 19.7% of infections in the surgical intervention) remains to be unexplained, that indicates to the defects of the samplings of the biological material and precludes to perform the adequate etiotropic therapy. There was shown the needfor the realization of the differentiated approach to the development of the measuresfor the prevention of IAHC.

HOSPITAL INFECTION IN SURGICAL DEPARTMENTS AT HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN 2015

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Dinh Binh Tran ◽  
Dinh Tan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective: To study nosocomial infections and identify the main agents causing hospital infections at Hue University Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 385 patients with surgical interventions. Results: The prevalence of hospital infections was 5.2%, surgical site infection was the most common (60%), followed by skin and soft tissue infections (35%), urinary tract infections (5%). Surgical site infection (11.6%) in dirty surgery. There were 3 bacterial pathogens isolated, including Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcusspp (25%). Conclusion: Surgical site infection was high in hospital-acquired infections. Key words: hospital infections, surgical intervention, surgical site infection, bacteria

Health Care–Associated Infections

2012 ◽  
pp. 458-463
Author(s):  
Rodney L Thompson ◽  
Priya Sampathkumar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Home Health Care ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections ◽  
Health Care Associated Infection ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Training

Health care–associated infection (HAI) is an infection that occurs in hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, or home health care programs. Infection control departments have been constituted to prevent and control infectious complications in health care settings. Prevention and control require combinations of education and training, procedures and policies, surveillance and reporting, and interventions that include isolation and teamwork. Common HAIs (nosocomial infections) include urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, bloodstream infections, and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Diagnosis and treatment of each type of infection are reviewed.

scholarly journals Towards a Definition for Health Care–Associated Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Deborah Friedman ◽  
Dana Levit ◽  
Eyal Taleb ◽  
Gil Marcus ◽  
Leah Michaeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Duke University ◽  
Health Care Associated Infection ◽  
Management Recommendations ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Present On Admission

Abstract Background Health care–associated infection (HcAI) is a term frequently used to describe community-onset infections likely to be caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). The most frequently used definition was developed at Duke University Medical Center in 2002 (Duke-2002). Although some professional societies have based management recommendations on Duke-2002 (or modifications thereof), neither Duke-2002 nor other variations have had their performance measured. Methods A case–control study was conducted at Assaf Harofeh Medical Center (AHMC) of consecutive adult bloodstream infections (BSIs). A multivariable model was used to develop a prediction score for HcAI, measured by the presence of MDRO infection on admission. The performances of this new score and previously developed definitions at predicting MDRO infection on admission were measured. Results Of the 504 BSI patients enrolled, 315 had a BSI on admission and 189 had a nosocomial BSI. Patients with MDRO-BSI on admission (n = 100) resembled patients with nosocomial infections (n = 189) in terms of epidemiological characteristics, illness acuity, and outcomes more than patients with non-MDRO-BSI on admission (n = 215). The performances of both the newly developed score and the Duke-2002 definition to predict MDRO infection on admission were suboptimal (area under the receiver operating characteric curve, 0.76 and 0.68, respectively). Conclusions Although the term HcAI is frequently used, its definition does not perform well at predicting MDRO infection present on admission to the hospital. A validated score that calculates the risk of MDRO infection on admission is still needed to guide daily practice and improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Incidence of respiratory tract infections and antibiotic use in primary health care

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 332-335
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Pietrzykowska ◽  
Katarzyna Nowicka-Sauer ◽  
Piotr Gutknecht ◽  
Janusz Siebert
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Tract Infections

Comparative analyses of clinical features reveal the severity of human adenovirus type 55 and type 7 in acute respiratory tract infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Zhu ◽  
Shuyan Chen ◽  
Li Gu ◽  
Jiuxin Qu
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction. Human adenovirus (HAdV) is an important pathogen in acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) and HAdV genotypes are associated with disease severity. Hypothesis. Comparative analyses of clinical features could reveal the severity of different HAdV genotypes in ARTIs. Aim. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of HAdV infections and explore the correlations between clinical features and HAdV genotypes. Methodology. A retrospective study was conducted on ARTIs at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital during the period 2011–2016. A standardized data form was used to record the clinical information. HAdV was detected by FQ-PCR from respiratory specimens, and genotypes were determined by entire hexon gene sequencing. Results. A total of 8044 samples were collected, of which 296 (3.7 %) were HAdV-positive. Patients ≤44 years old were more likely to be positive for HAdV. There were three peak periods of adenoviral infections, with detection rates of 13.03, 9.39 and 10.38 %, respectively. Six HAdV genotypes (HAdV-55, -7, -3, -14, -50, -2) were identified, with HAdV-55 and HAdV-7 being the most prevalent (50.6 and 21.5 %). Compared with HAdV-7 and other types, patients infected with HAdV-55 had a longer duration of fever (P=0.0428). Infections with HAdV-55 and HAdV-7 were more severe compared to those caused by other types, with higher rates of oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation (P=0.0172 and P=0.0144). All five deaths were caused by HAdV‐55. Conclusion. This study describes the epidemiological characteristics of HAdV infections in North China, revealing the higher severity of HAdV-55 and HAdV-7 in ARTIs. Thus, strengthened surveillance of HAdV genotypes is warranted.

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