scholarly journals Lipid profile in women of reproductive age with various polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Elena I. Abashova ◽  
Maria I. Yarmolinskaya ◽  
Olga L. Bulgakova ◽  
Elena V. Misharina
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Hypothesis/Aims of study. Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic disorder and is an atherogenic factor in the development of cardiovascular disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Currently, four phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome are distinguished, associated in varying degrees of severity with dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes mellitus on one hand and chronic inflammation and oxidative stress on the other. Hyperandrogenic phenotypes (A, B, C) in polycystic ovary syndrome are associated with the development of adverse metabolic disorders and associated complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the lipid profile in the serum of women of reproductive age with various polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes. Study design, materials and methods. The study included 86 women of reproductive age from 22 to 37 years old (average age was 26.6 4.3 years), who, in accordance with polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes (A, B, C, D), were divided into four groups. We studied the levels of anti-Mllerian hormone, follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones, prolactin, estradiol, and androgens from days 2 to 5 of the menstrual cycle. The levels of progesterone in the blood serum were determined by the enzyme immunoassay on days 20 to 23 of the menstrual cycle for three consecutive cycles. We also used echographic methods for diagnosing polycystic ovaries. All women underwent a biochemical blood test with an assessment of the lipid profile parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and low-density lipoproteins, LDL). Besides, an oral glucose tolerance test was assessed with the study of plasma glucose and insulin levels on an empty stomach and two hours after ingestion of 75 g of glucose, the HOMA-IR index being used to assess insulin resistance. Results. Phenotype A was found in 40 (46.5%) women with polycystic ovary syndrome, phenotype B in 22 (25.6%), phenotype C in 10 (11.6%), and phenotype D (non-androgenic) in 14 (16.3%) patients with PCOS. Of those 42 (48.8%) individuals had changes in carbohydrate metabolism (impaired glucose tolerance), of whom 39 (92.8%) women had androgenic polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes (A, B, C). Both non-androgenic phenotype D and impaired glucose tolerance were found in 7.2% of cases. In women with hyperandrogenic polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes, both the fasting and stimulated insulin levels were increased significantly comparing to the non-androgenic anovulatory phenotype (p 0.05). The HOMA-IR index in women with phenotypes A, B and C was significantly (p 0.05) higher than in patients with non-androgenic phenotype D. When evaluating the lipid profile parameters, no significant differences in cholesterol level and atherogenic coefficient in women with various polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes were found. The levels of triglycerides and LDL were significantly (p 0.05) higher in women with androgenic phenotype B compared to those in patients with non-androgenic phenotype D and they correlated significantly (p 0.05) with the serum levels of androgens and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Patients with androgenic polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes (A and B) had significantly (p 0.05) decreased HDL levels that correlated negatively (r = 0.29; p 0.05) with the levels of free testosterone and SHBG, when compared to the same parameters in women with non-androgenic phenotype D. In women with androgenic polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes (A, B, C), a significant correlation (r = 0.27; p 0.05) between the levels of stimulated insulin and SHBG were found, and a direct relation (r = 0.32; p 0.05) between those parameters and increased levels of triglycerides and LDL was also revealed. Conclusion. In women with hyperandrogenic and anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes A and B, atherogenic dyslipidemia and impaired carbohydrate metabolism were significantly more pronounced, when compared with patients with non-androgenic phenotype D. A differential and personalized approach to the examination of patients with various polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes is an important step in the prevention of the risks of developing cardiovascular diseases in women of reproductive age.

Polycystic ovary syndrome: reproductive aspects

2011 ◽  
pp. 1229-1234
Author(s):  
Sophie Catteau-Jonard ◽  
Cécile Gallo ◽  
Didier Didier
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulation and hyperandrogenism in women, affecting between 5 and 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide (1). Although this difficult topic in endocrine gynaecology is under extensive research, controversies still remain about the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy of PCOS. The PCOS phenotype can be structured in three components: manifestations of anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and the metabolic syndrome (of which hyperinsulinaemia secondary to insulin resistance is the central abnormality). The latter two are addressed in other chapters. Our knowledge about the mechanism of disturbed folliculogenesis in PCOS that is responsible for its reproductive aspects has much increased these last years, thus opening new avenues for the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Clinical features of polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes in women with normogonadotropic anovulation in reproductive age

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Elena I. Abashova ◽  
Maria A. Shalina ◽  
Elena V. Misharina ◽  
Natalia N. Tkachenko ◽  
Olga L. Bulgakova
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Endometritis

Hypothesis/aims of study. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disease, the frequency of which ranges from 8 to 13% in women of reproductive age. PCOS is a complex polygenic endocrine disorder with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological features. Currently, four PCOS phenotypes are identified that are associated with metabolic disorders, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), diabetes mellitus, and an increase in the number of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features of PCOS phenotypes in women with normogonadotropic anovulation in reproductive age. Study design, materials, and methods. The study included 60 women of reproductive age from 24 to 37 years (mean age 28 ± 4 years) with PCOS and normogogonadotropic, normoprolactinemic anovulation. We studied the levels of anti-mullerian, follicle-stimulating, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, estradiol, and androgens from days 2 to 5 of the menstrual cycle. The serum progesterone level was studied by ELISA using test systems manufactured by Alkor Bio Ltd. (Russia) on days 20–23 of the menstrual cycle for three consecutive cycles. The average level of progesterone in the blood on days 20–23 of the menstrual cycle was 3.1 ± 1.5 nM. Echographic methods for diagnosing polycystic ovaries were used. All women included in the study underwent hysteroscopy on days 18–22 of the menstrual cycle, followed by a histological and immunohistochemical study of the endometrium. Results. In women with anovulatory PCOS phenotypes, phenotype A (classical) was detected in 32 (53.3%) women; phenotype B (anovulatory) in 18 (30%) women; phenotype D (non-androgenic) in 10 (16.7%) women with. In 32 (53.3%) patients, changes in carbohydrate metabolism (IGT) were found. Clinical and biochemical manifestations of androgen-dependent dermopathy (acne, oily seborrhea, and hirsutism) were significantly (p < 0.05) more often observed in PCOS patients with phenotypes A (84.4%) and B (88.9%) than in women with phenotype D (30%). In the majority (93.8%) of patients with IGT, the androgenic-anovulatory PCOS phenotypes were detected: phenotype A in 20 (62.5%) women and phenotype B in 10 (31.3%) women. Phenotype D (non-androgenic) was present only in two women with PCOS and IGT. As a result of complex histological and immunohistochemical studies of endometrial biopsy specimens, chronic endometritis was detected in 44 (73.3%) examined women with PCOS and simple glandular endometrial hyperplasia was diagnosed in 13 (21.7%) PCOS patients. The incidence of chronic endometritis and simple glandular endometrial hyperplasia in women with normogonadotropic anovulation and PCOS directly depended (r = 0.35; p < 0.05) on disorders of carbohydrate metabolism and was detected more often in patients with PCOS and IGT. Conclusion. The differential approach to the examination of patients with various PCOS phenotypes allows personalizing the therapy of this disease and determining the complex of preventive measures to improve the quality of life of women of reproductive age.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and polycystic ovary syndrome: an integrating review

10.3823/2402 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ione Maria Ribeiro Soares Lopes ◽  
Caroliny Gonçalves Rodrigues Meireles ◽  
Iarlla Silva Ferreira ◽  
Nadya Dos Santos Moura ◽  
Francisca Diana Da Silva Negreiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Controversial Subject

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathyin women of reproductive age. It causes a metabolic syndrome characterized by insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia. Vitamin D deficiency and its association with PCOS still represents a controversial subject in the literature. Objective: In this context, this study aimed to understand the association between polycystic ovary syndrome and vitamin D deficiency, and how it occurs. Method: It was an integrative review conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, and CINAHL databases from August 2016 to January 2017, with a sample of 7 articles analyzed in their entirety. Results: The evidences according to the studies conducted and the conclusions they identified.  Conclusions: It was concluded that we cannot yet assume that vitamin D deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis of PCOS, nor that the syndrome causes vitamin D deficiency, since the studies are controversial and there is a need for research with higher levels of evidence to clarify these doubts.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Glucose Intolerance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Rona Laila ◽  
Nusrat Mahmud ◽  
Monnujan Nargis ◽  
TA Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting 5-10% women of reproductive age. The prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance (impaired fasting glucose, IFG, impaired glucose tolerance, IGT and type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM) in women with PCOS is substantially higher than expected when compared with age and weight-matched population of women without PCOS. The present study was conducted among women of reproductive age with PCOS to characterize the extent and nature of glucose intolerance.Methods: This observational study was conducted in Centre for Assisted Reproduction (CARE), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Biomedical Research group, BIRDEM from January 2006 to December 2008.Results: Total number of patients was 103 and their age ranged between 15 and 36 years. Fifty percent of them were overweight or obese. IGT and T2DM were present in 29.1% and 4.9% cases respectively. Body mass index (BMI) of patients with T2DM with PCOS was significantly higher than normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (p=0.005). There was no difference of BMI between NGT, with IGT and IGT with T2DM with PCOS. Diabetic PCOS women were older than NGT and IGT group (p=0.002, p=0.009 respectively). Family history of diabetes was present in 80% diabetes PCOS compared to 63.3% in IGT and 39.7% of NGT with PCOS.Conclusions: PCOS women have significantly increased prevalence of IGT and T2DM. Obesity and age substantially increase risk of glucose intolerance but IGT and T2DM can develop independent of obesity in PCOS women.Birdem Med J 2016; 6(1): 36-39

scholarly journals Current Prevalence of Hyperinsulinemia and Impaired Glucose Tolerance among PCOS Women of Telangana Region-South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozati R ◽  
Minhaj H ◽  
Tabassum W ◽  
Bardia A ◽  
Ayapati GM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
South India ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Androgen Excess ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Endocrine Disorder ◽  
Current Prevalence

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most usual endocrine disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and androgen excess. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance are often accompanied by PCOS and therefore must be studied to find out their prevalence and association in this condition.

Polycystic ovary syndrome and probiotics: a natural approach to an inflammatory disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Schiattarella ◽  
Gaetano Riemma ◽  
Marco La Verde ◽  
Gianluigi Franci ◽  
Annalisa Chianese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Natural Approach ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
New Evidence

: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that affects about 15% of women of reproductive age and is correlated with infertility, insulin resistance, and obesity. The etiology of PCOS is multifactorial and genetic, endocrine, and metabolic causes were involved. New evidence suggests a link between microorganisms residing in the digestive tracts of humans and the development of PCOS. Moreover, an imbalance in the gut microbial community could be a possible factor for the onset of insulin resistance and obesity. Hyperandrogenism, a key feature of PCOS, could also play a critical role in shaping the microbiome community. Probiotics could modify the gut microbiota and serve as a potential treatment for PCOS. Here we disclose the association between PCOS and intestinal microbiota and the possible role of probiotics as a new treatment approach.

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