scholarly journals The peculiarities of osteal system maturation in patients w ith primary estrogenic deficit

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
E. V. Uvarova ◽  
A. I. Volobuev ◽  
T. V. Rudneva ◽  
S. V. Rudnev
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Gonadal Dysgenesis ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Ovarian Insufficiency ◽  
Peak Density

In patients with congenital ovarian insufficiency, particularly with gonadal dysgenesis, the retarded bone remodelingprevents the bone tissue from achieving its final, peak density and leads to the lagging of skeletal system maturation. This may result in high risk of limb and backbone fractures.The article analyzes the results of the examination of 142 patients with different forms of gonadal dysgenesis. The treatment included the preparations containing estrogens, which were identical with natural ones (Divina, Divitren, Divigel). The data received substantiate the necessity of eliminating the estrogenic deficit in patients with gonadal dysgenesis earlier than it is usually done.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC HYPERGLYCEMIA ON THE STATE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM (LITERATURE REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-187
Author(s):  
A.O. Ponyrko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Complex Disorders ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Wide Range

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that today has become a threatening problem for human health. Its prevalence has been constantly increasing throughout the world over the past decades. Diabetes mellitus is regarded as an incurable metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, which is caused by defects in insulin secretion. This disease annually affects almost 3% of the total population of the planet. Chronic hyperglycemia causes dysfunction of various organs of the body, such as the eyes, kidneys, heart, blood vessels, and nerves. The most common complications of diabetes include lesions of the vessels of the eye, kidneys, lower limbs and nervous system. A high level of glucose in the blood causes the development of a wide range of pathological disorders, which affect bones as well. Recent studies have shown that diseases of the skeletal system are often observed in diabetes mellitus. Speaking about the effect of hyperglycemia on bones, the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis should be noted. In this regard, an important area of research is to study changes in the bone tissue in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and the mechanisms that lead to disruption of bone structure and metabolism. The article highlights the pathophysiological mechanisms of hyperglycemia action in type 1 diabetes that explains complex disorders of the organs of the musculoskeletal system. The detrimental effect of hyperglycemia results in marked degenerative changes in bone cells. The pathogenic effect of hyperglycemia on bone tissue is manifested in a decrease in bone mineral density that is due to the lack of insulin and, as a consequence, significant metabolic disorders, a decrease in bone mass, inhibition of bone tissue formation, a significant decrease in the trace element composition of bone. The combination of these factors creates the appropriate pathomorphological basis for the development of diabetic osteopathy. The article highlights the mechanism of action of hyperglycemia on skeletal system in order to stimulate to a more detailed investigation of diabetes mellitus in experimental animals.

СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ И ОСТЕОПОРОЗ / DENTAL HEALTH AND OSTEOPOROSIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Tamila Sutaeva ◽  
Kachar Hajibutaeva
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
The State ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Maxillofacial Region

Проведен анализ зависимости состояния костной ткани челюстно-лицевой области и костной системы общего организма, путем денситометрии и ортопантомограммы. Наше исследование позволило подтвердить связь изменений в костной ткани на ортопантомограмме и остеопороза всего организма. / The analysis of the dependence of the state of the bone tissue of the maxillofacial region and the skeletal system of the general organism was carried out by densitometry and orthopantomogram. Our study allowed us to confirm the connection between changes in bone tissue on an orthopantomogram and osteoporosis of the whole organism.

Pregnancy and childbirth with Shereshevsky–Turner syndrome, established at 12 years of age

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
Evgeny S. Mikhaylin ◽  
Lada A. Ivanova ◽  
Mariya M. Shilo ◽  
Igor V. Berlev
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Gonadal Dysgenesis ◽  
Personal Observation ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Donor Egg

The article presents a personal observation of the course of pregnancy and childbirth in a patient with a typical form of gonadal dysgenesis (ShereshevskyTurner syndrome, karyotype 45,X0/46,XY in the ratio of clones 1:1). The diagnosis was established at 12 years of age during an examination for growth retardation and lack of signs of puberty. Given the presence of a 46,XY clone in the karyotype, a high risk of malignization of dysgenetic gonads, laparoscopy and gonadectomy were performed at 12 years of age. Pregnancy occurred after preparation of the endometrium with estrogens and progestogens, as a result of the first in vitro fertilization attempt with a donor egg and her husbands sperm, occurred against the background of hormonal support with the threat of termination of pregnancy and hypercoagulation. At 34 weeks, there was a premature detachment of placenta, in connection with which she was delivered by cesarean section.

scholarly journals Locations of bone tissue at high risk of initial failure during compressive loading of the human vertebral body

Bone ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senthil K. Eswaran ◽  
Atul Gupta ◽  
Tony M. Keaveny
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Initial Failure

scholarly journals Neuro-mechanical aspects of playing-related mobility disorders in orchestra violinists and upper strings players: a review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Mizrahi
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Unique Solution ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Comprehensive Account ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
Alternative Techniques

Orchestra musicians are at high risk of neuro-mechanical disorders due to the intense stresses their body withstand, leading to pain and injury. This review presents a comprehensive account of the works on the circumstances and types of playing related mobility disorders of upper strings players, as well as on the relevant neuro-mechanical factors and perspectives to those disorders. The following aspects are considered: asymmetry and imbalance in the musculo-skeletal system, muscle-bone-joint interactions, repetitive overloading and fatigue. An additional factor relates to neuro-muscular redundancy in the motor system, whereby more muscles and tendons than strictly necessary are engaged in performing a motor task, thus making the system indeterminate, with no unique solution. This same task can be performed with different muscle combinations. It is thus of interest to verify whether playing disorders may be alleviated by considering alternative techniques of performance.

scholarly journals Alterations of bone tissue metabolism in celiac disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
E. A. Semenova ◽  
L. S. Оrеshkо ◽  
A. V. Shomin
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Secondary Osteoporosis ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Atypical Form ◽  
Tissue Metabolism

The problem of osteopenia and early osteoporosis in celiac disease has a great socio-economic importance and is an important area of medicine, primarily from the point of view of a diagnostic search and treatment. This article presents a clinical case of the atypical form of celiac disease with a lesion of skeletal system, osteopenia and secondary osteoporosis without symptoms of intestinal dyspepsia and obvious signs of malabsorption. The basic mechanisms for the development of osteopenic complications in celiac disease are described, and recommendations for follow-up and treatment of such patients are presented.

scholarly journals The study of genetic and epigenetic factors in the development of osteoporosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-66
Author(s):  
Б.И. Ялаев ◽  
Р.И. Хусаинова
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Multifactorial Diseases ◽  
Polymorphic Variants

Актуальным представляется комплексное исследование генетических и эпигенетических факторов и специфики их вклада в структуру патогенеза остеопороза. Обнаружена значимость полиморфных вариантов rs11540149, rs6854081, rs10098470, rs10793442, rs1054204 сайтов связывания микроРНК и rs3134069, rs3102734 и rs7844539 гена OPG в увеличении риска переломов и формировании низкого уровня минеральной плотности костной ткани. Osteoporosis is one of the most common multifactorial diseases, which is characterized by a high risk of fractures and microarchitectural disorders of bone tissue. The study of genetic and epigenetic factors of this disease and their contribution to pathogenesis is relevant. We found the significance of the polymorphic variants rs11540149, rs6854081, rs10098470, rs10793442, rs1054204, rs3134069, rs3102734 and rs7844539 in increasing the risk of fractures and forming a low level of bone mineral density.

scholarly journals Dysgerminoma presenting at fifty, consequence to undiagnosed Swyer syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 3249
Author(s):  
Sapna Vinit Amin ◽  
Aswathy Kumaran
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Gonadal Dysgenesis ◽  
Primary Amenorrhea ◽  
Ovarian Malignancy ◽  
Disorder Of Sex Development ◽  
Sex Development ◽  
Male Karyotype ◽  
Swyer Syndrome ◽  
Complete Gonadal Dysgenesis

Swyer syndrome or XY complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) is a rare disorder of sex development (DSD) characterized by presence of dysgenetic gonads in a phenotypically female patient with a male karyotype. Usually Swyer syndrome is diagnosed following appropriate evaluation for amenorrhea in adolescence and prophylactic gonadectomy is done as these patients have high risk of developing malignancy in their dysgenetic gonads.  Here we presented patient who presented later in life with ovarian malignancy which turned out to be a consequence of undiagnosed Swyer syndrome. Her case exemplifies that fact that improper evaluation of primary amenorrhea in adolescence and omission to do prophylactic bilateral gonadectomy led to her presenting with malignancy at this advanced age. Therefore, be aware to not let Swyer syndrome go undiagnosed and mismanaged.

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