scholarly journals Efficiency of early monitoring gestational process in women with risk of pregnancy loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
V. E. Radzinskiy ◽  
E. M. Demidova ◽  
M. Y Bazovaia ◽  
I. M. Ordiyants
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Definition Of

This article is devoted to optimization of dispensary observation at the eshlia terms of gestation of women suffer from sporadic miscaniages in anamnesis as well as tlie definition of prognostic meaning of the ultmsonic doppleromet-ry criterias, the enzyme activity of lisosomal of blood plasma and tlie cytochemical mte (DCR) for tlie segmentnuclear leucocytes at the pregnant women witli pathological obstetl'ic anamnesis. 13 7p1-egnant women were tested, 98 o f them at the earlier terms o f gest-ation from 7 to 14 weelis of t-heir pregnancy. The received data show that metabolic conection and normalization of microbiocenosis of vagina and cavix channel in tlie first trimester of pregnancy is pathogen validity, they promot-e tlie nmwaf pregnancy of the next terms of gestation and decrease tlie frequency of repeat-ed misriages

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Markers in Early Pregnancy Loss: A Case-Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Torkzahrani ◽  
Padideh Janati Ataei ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
Soheila Khodakarim ◽  
Zohre Sheikhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Early Pregnancy Loss ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Objectives: Evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) plays a prominent role in the pathophysiology of pregnancy complications in women. The present study was conducted to determine the levels of OS markers in early pregnancy loss and to compare the results with those in healthy pregnant women. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 women with early pregnancy loss and 32 healthy women in the first trimester of pregnancy, with similar demographic characteristics entered this study as the cases and controls. Serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), uric acid, and bilirubin levels were determined in both groups. The data obtained were then analyzed and compared between the groups using the independent samples t test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The 2 groups matched in terms of personal-demographic characteristics including mother’s age, father’s age, gravidity, and body mass index (BMI). MDA levels increased significantly in the women with spontaneous abortion compared to the healthy pregnant women (4.35±1.47 vs. 3.42±1.68 µM/L; P=0.026) and TAC decreased significantly in the cases compared to the healthy controls (552.34±212.79 vs. 1003.23±1168.68 U/mL; P=0.040). Uric acid and bilirubin levels did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: The results of this study provides further evidence on the effect of increased OS on the incidence of early spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy. High serum MDA levels and low TAC during pregnancy were 2 risk factors for spontaneous abortion. The present findings support the hypothesis that OS plays a key role in the etiopathogenesis of spontaneous abortion. Further studies are required for assessing the preventive role of antioxidant therapy in this complication.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 in first trimester pregnancy – does it affect the fetus?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina la Cour Freiesleben ◽  
Pia Egerup ◽  
Kathrine Vauvert Römmelmayer Hviid ◽  
Elin Rosenbek Severinsen ◽  
Astrid Marie Kolte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Nuchal Translucency ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
First Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Test Serum

AbstractBackgroundSeveral viral infections are known to be harmful to the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy and can cause increased nuchal translucency thickness and pregnancy loss. Currently, no evidence exists regarding possible effects of SARS-CoV-2 in first trimester pregnancies.MethodsCohort 1 included pregnant women with a double test taken between Feb. 17 and Apr. 23, 2020, during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic peak in Denmark. The double test was taken as part of the first trimester risk assessment. Cohort 2 included women with a first trimester pregnancy loss before double test. Serum from the double test or from a blood sample, in case of pregnancy loss, was analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The results were correlated to the nuchal translucency thickness and the number of pregnancy losses.ResultsIn total, 1,019 pregnant women with double test and 36 women with pregnancy loss participated in the study. Thirty (2.9%) women had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the serum from the double test. All women with pregnancy loss prior to the double test were negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. There were no significant differences in nuchal translucency thickness for women testing positive (n=14) versus negative (p=0.20) or grey zone (n=16) versus negative (p=0.28). In total, 54 women experienced a pregnancy loss of whom two had grey zone or positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.ConclusionMaternal SARS-CoV-2 infection did not seem harmful in first trimester pregnancies. Infection had no effect on the nuchal translucency thickness and women with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were not overrepresented among women with pregnancy loss.

scholarly journals The vaginal microbiota in the first trimester of pregnancy in women having history of pregnancy loss

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna A. Siniakova ◽  
Elena V. Shipitsyna ◽  
Elena V. Rybina ◽  
Olga V. Budilovskaya ◽  
Tamara A. Pluzhnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Introduction. Abnormal vaginal microflora in the first trimester of pregnancy is a risk factor for miscarriage. Opportunistic microorganisms predominate among microorganisms causing microflora disturbance. Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the vaginal microflora in the first trimesterфIntroduction. Abnormal vaginal microflora in the first trimester of pregnancy is a risk factor for miscarriage. Opportunistic microorganisms predominate among microorganisms causing microflora disturbance. Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the vaginal microflora in the first trimester of pregnancy in women having history of pregnancy loss. Matherials and Methods. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, microscopic and cultural methods were used to examine 60 pregnant women having history of pregnancy loss and 10 pregnant women with uncomplicated obstetric history. Results. Disorders of the vaginal microflora were observed only in women having history of pregnancy loss. The lactoflora in both groups was shown to consist most frequently of 3 Lactobacillus species: Lactobacillus crispatus, L. jensenii, and L. iners. However, the species L. iners were detected only in the group of women with history of pregnancy loss. Non-Lactobacillus microbiota was significantly more often observed in pregnant women having history of pregnancy loss. Facultative and obligate anaerobes were detected in both groups. The concentration of Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis in women in both groups had no significant differences. Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that abnormal microbiota is more often observed in women having history of pregnancy loss.of pregnancy in women having history of pregnancy loss. Matherials and Methods. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, microscopic and cultural methods were used to examine 60 pregnant women having history of pregnancy loss and 10 pregnant women with uncomplicated obstetric history. Results. Disorders of the vaginal microflora were observed only in women having history of pregnancy loss. The lactoflora in both groups was shown to consist most frequently of 3 Lactobacillus species: Lactobacillus crispatus, L. jensenii, and L. iners. However, the species L. iners were detected only in the group of women with history of pregnancy loss. Non-Lactobacillus microbiota was significantly more often observed in pregnant women having history of pregnancy loss. Facultative and obligate anaerobes were detected in both groups. The concentration of Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis in women in both groups had no significant differences. Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that abnormal microbiota is more often observed in women having history of pregnancy loss.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Prescriptions among China Ambulatory Care Visits of Pregnant Women: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Houyu Zhao ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Jiaming Bian ◽  
Siyan Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ambulatory Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fetal Safety ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Background: Antibiotic use in pregnant women at the national level has rarely been reported in China. Objectives: We aimed to investigate antibiotic prescriptions during pregnancy in ambulatory care settings in China. Methods: Data of 4,574,961 ambulatory care visits of pregnant women from October 2014 to April 2018 were analyzed. Percentages of Antibiotic prescriptions by different subgroups and various diagnosis categories and proportions of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for different subgroups were estimated. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pregnancy categories were used to describe the antibiotic prescription patterns. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Clopper––Pearson method or Goodman method. Results: Among the 4,574,961 outpatient visits during pregnancy, 2.0% (92,514 visits; 95% CI, 2.0–2.0%) were prescribed at least one antibiotic. The percentage of antibiotic prescriptions for pregnant women aged >40 years was 4.9% (95% CI, 4.7–5.0%), whereas that for pregnant women aged 26–30 years was 1.5% (95% CI, 1.4–1.5%). In addition, percentages of antibiotic prescriptions varied among different trimesters of pregnancy, which were 5.4% (95% CI, 5.3–5.4%) for the visits in the first trimester of pregnancy and 0.5% (95% CI, 0.4–0.5%) in the third trimester of pregnancy. Furthermore, the percentages of antibiotic prescriptions substantially varied among different diagnosis categories and nearly three-quarters of antibiotic prescriptions had no clear indications and thus might be inappropriate. In total, 130,308 individual antibiotics were prescribed; among these, 60.4% (95% CI, 60.0–60.8%) belonged to FDA category B, 2.7% (95% CI, 2.1–3.5%) were classified as FDA category D and 16.8% (95% CI, 16.2–17.4%) were not assigned any FDA pregnancy category. Conclusions: Antibiotic prescriptions in ambulatory care during pregnancy were not highly prevalent in mainland China. However, a substantial proportion of antibiotics might have been prescribed without adequate indications. Antibiotics whose fetal safety has not been sufficiently illustrated were widely used in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Distribution of diandric and digynic triploidy depending on gestational age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Massalska ◽  
Katarzyna Ozdarska ◽  
Tomasz Roszkowski ◽  
Julia Bijok ◽  
Anna Kucińska-Chahwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Parental Origin ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Spontaneous Pregnancy ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Fluorescent Polymerase Chain Reaction

Abstract Purpose To establish the distribution of diandric and digynic triploidy depending on gestational age. Methods 107 triploid samples tested prospectively in a single genetic department during a four-year period were analyzed for parental origin of triploidy by Quantitative Fluorescent Polymerase Chain Reaction (QF-PCR) (n=95) with the use of matching parental samples or by MS-MLPA (n=12), when parental samples were unavailable. Tested pregnancies were divided into three subgroups with regard to the gestational age at spontaneous pregnancy loss: <11 gestational weeks, 11–14 gestational weeks, and >14 gestational weeks. Results Diandric triploidy constituted overall 44.9% (46.5% in samples miscarried <11 gestational weeks, 64.3% in samples miscarried between 11 and 14 gestational weeks, and 27.8% in pregnancies which survived >14 gestational weeks). Conclusions The distribution of diandric and digynic triploidy depends on gestational age. The majority of diandric triploid pregnancies is lost in the first trimester of pregnancy. In the second trimester, diandric cases are at least twice less frequent than digynic ones.

scholarly journals Adequacy and Sources of Protein Intake among Pregnant Women in the United States, NHANES 2003–2012

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Mary M. Murphy ◽  
Kelly A. Higgins ◽  
Xiaoyu Bi ◽  
Leila M. Barraj
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
The United States ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Animal Source ◽  
Usual Intake ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Using Data

Limited information is available on protein intake and adequacy of protein intake among pregnant women. Using data from a sample of 528 pregnant women in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2003–2012, usual intake of protein (g/day and g/kg body weight (bw)/day) and prevalence of intake below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) by trimester of pregnancy were calculated using the National Cancer Institute method. Percent contributions to protein intake by source (i.e., plant and animal, including type of animal source) were also calculated. Mean usual intake of protein was 88 ± 4.3, 82 ± 3.1, and 82 ± 2.9 g/day among women in trimester 1, 2, and 3 of pregnancy, respectively, or 1.30 ± 0.10, 1.35 ± 0.06, and 1.35 ± 0.05 g/kg bw/day, respectively. An estimated 4.5% of women in the first trimester of pregnancy consumed less protein than the EAR of 0.66 g/kg bw/day; among women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, 12.1% and 12.8% of women, respectively, consumed less protein than the EAR of 0.88 g/kg bw/day. Animal sources of protein accounted for approximately 66% of total protein. Findings from this study show that one in eight women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy have inadequate intake of protein. Pregnant women should be encouraged to consume sufficient levels of protein from a variety of sources.

AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF GARBHINI CHARDI (Emesis Gravidarum) WITH CHATURJATA CHOORNA (CHATURJATA POWDER) - A PILOT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4317-4323
Author(s):  
Priyanka 1 ◽  
Shreyes. S ◽  
Yogitha Bali M.R
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Morning Sickness ◽  
Excessive Salivation ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Rice Water ◽  
Single Blind

Background: During pregnancy many demands are made by growing fetus, to meet these requirements maternal system has to undergo certain changes. Garbhinichardi (Emesis Gravidarum) is one among them and this has been termed as Gruhita Garbha Lakshanas (Immediate signs of conception) in Ayurvedic clas-sics. Approximately 80 % of pregnant women experience excessive salivation, nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, commonly known as “morning sickness”, which is seen frequently throughout the day. Design: This is single blind pilot study. 30 patients with complaints of Garbhinichardi (Emesis Gravidarum) in first trimester were included in this study. Patients were given Chaturjatachurna (Chatutjata powder)for a peri-od of 2 weeks in dose of 3gms thrice a day after meal with Anupana (Adjuvant) as Madhu (honey) of 5ml mixed with Tandulodaka (Raw rice water) Results: This pilot study showed statistically significant changes with Chaturjatachurna in reducing the complaints of pregnant women such as nausea (p<0.001), vomiting (p<0.001) and Aruchi (Anorexia) (p<0.001) in their first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: Chaturjata-churna was effective in the management of Garbhini Chardi (Emesis Gravidarum) and other symptoms in the first trimester of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria in a prospective cohort of women from the Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0009390
Author(s):  
Jamille Gregório Dombrowski ◽  
André Barateiro ◽  
Erika Paula Machado Peixoto ◽  
André Boler Cláudio da Silva Barros ◽  
Rodrigo Medeiros de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Angiopoietin 2

Background Malaria in Brazil represents one of the highest percentages of Latin America cases, where approximately 84% of infections are attributed to Plasmodium (P.) vivax. Despite the high incidence, many aspects of gestational malaria resulting from P. vivax infections remain poorly studied. As such, we aimed to evaluate the consequences of P. vivax infections during gestation on the health of mothers and their neonates in an endemic area of the Amazon. Methods and findings We have conducted an observational cohort study in Brazilian Amazon between January 2013 and April 2015. 600 pregnant women were enrolled and followed until delivery. After applying exclusion criteria, 329 mother-child pairs were included in the analysis. Clinical data regarding maternal infection, newborn’s anthropometric measures, placental histopathological characteristics, and angiogenic and inflammatory factors were evaluated. The presence of plasma IgG against the P. vivax (Pv) MSP119 protein was used as marker of exposure and possible associations with pregnancy outcomes were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that P. vivax infections during the first trimester of pregnancy are associated with adverse gestational outcomes such as premature birth (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.12, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 2.69–24.54, p < 0.0001) and reduced head circumference (aOR 3.58, 95%CI 1.29–9.97, p = 0.01). Histopathology analysis showed marked differences between placentas from P. vivax-infected and non-infected pregnant women, especially regarding placental monocytes infiltrate. Placental levels of vasomodulatory factors such as angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) and complement proteins such as C5a were also altered at delivery. Plasma levels of anti-PvMSP119 IgG in infected pregnant women were shown to be a reliable exposure marker; yet, with no association with improved pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions This study indicates that P. vivax malaria during the first trimester of pregnancy represents a higher likelihood of subsequent poor pregnancy outcomes associated with marked placental histologic modification and angiogenic/inflammatory imbalance. Additionally, our findings support the idea that antibodies against PvMSP119 are not protective against poor pregnancy outcomes induced by P. vivax infections.

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