Contracture of the jaw joint, formed during severe angina and associated peritonsillar abscess

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 940-940
Author(s):  
B. Goland
Keyword(s):  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Peritonsillar Abscess ◽  
Jaw Joint

Abstracts. Otorhinolaryngology. Forschner (M. med. Woch., 1929, No. 48) describes the contracture of the jaw joint, formed during a severe form of angina and associated peritonsillar abscess. Despite the fact that all the phenomena of the underlying disease had passed and the patient felt well, the contracture of the jaw joint remained and did not respond to any ordinary treatment.

scholarly journals Assessment of secondary attack rate and effectiveness of antiviral prophylaxis among household contacts in an influenza A(H1N1)v outbreak in Kobe, Japan, May–June 2009

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Odaira ◽  
H Takahashi ◽  
T Toyokawa ◽  
Y Tsuchihashi ◽  
T Kodama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Onset Date ◽  
Antiviral Prophylaxis ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

This report describes the assessment of the secondary attack rate (SAR) and the effectiveness of post-exposure antiviral prophylaxis among household contacts in the first domestic outbreak of a novel influenza A(H1N1)v between mid-May and early June 2009 in Kobe city, Japan. Of the 293 subjects, 14 (4.8%) household contacts met the case definition and most secondary cases were probably infected around the time of symptom onset date of the respective index case. The SAR among household contacts who did not receive prophylaxis was 7.6%, similar to the rate of seasonal influenza, and the attack rate in siblings was significantly higher than that in parents. We conclude that it is important to establish routine infection control measures for households in order to prevent the spread of the virus among household contacts and, possibly, to the community. We could not conclude whether antiviral prophylaxis was effective or not. However, among close contacts with underlying disease who received prophylaxis, nobody developed a severe form of the disease.

scholarly journals Disease Entities in Mucormycosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Serris ◽  
François Danion ◽  
Fanny Lanternier
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Pulmonary Mucormycosis ◽  
Burn Units ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Direct Inoculation ◽  
Cerebral Infections ◽  
Disseminated Disease

Mucormycosis is an emerging life-threatening fungal infection caused by Mucorales. This infection occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients, especially with hematological malignancy, transplantation, or diabetes mellitus. Rhino-orbito-cerebral and pulmonary mucormycosis are the predominant forms. Interestingly, location is associated with the underlying disease as pulmonary mucormycosis is more frequent in hematological malignancy patients whereas rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis is associated with diabetes. Cutaneous mucormycosis results from direct inoculation, mainly after trauma or surgery. Gastro-intestinal mucormycosis occurs after ingestion of contaminated food or with contaminated device and involves the stomach or colon. Disseminated disease is the most severe form and is associated with profound immunosuppression. Uncommon presentations with endocarditis, osteoarticluar or isolated cerebral infections are also described. Finally, health-care associated mucormycosis is a matter of concern in premature newborns and burn units. Clinical symptoms and CT scan findings are not specific, only the early reversed halo sign is associated with pulmonary mucormycosis. Circulating Mucorales DNA detection is a recent promising diagnostic tool that may lead to improving the diagnosis and prompting therapeutic initiation that should include antifungal treatment, correction of the underlying disease and surgery when feasible.

scholarly journals INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEA BY Clostridium difficile IN HEMATOLOGIC PATIENTS AND HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION PATIENTS: RISK FACTORS FOR SEVERE FORMS AND DEATH

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Spadão ◽  
Juliana Gerhardt ◽  
Thais Guimarães ◽  
Frederico Dulley ◽  
João Nóbrega de Almeida Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea

We describe the rate of incidence of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) in hematologic and patients undergone stem cell transplant (HSCT) at HC-FMUSP, from January 2007 to June 2011, using two denominators 1,000 patient and 1,000 days of neutropenia and the risk factors associated with the severe form of the disease and death. The ELISA method (Ridascreen-Biopharm, Germany) for the detections of toxins A/B was used to identify C. difficile. A multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate potential factors associated with severe CDAD and death within 14 days after the diagnosis of CDAD, using multiple logistic regression. Sixty-six episodes were identified in 64 patients among 439 patients with diarrhea during the study period. CDA rate of incidence varied from 0.78 to 5.45 per 1,000 days of neutropenia and from 0.65 to 5.45 per 1,000 patient-days. The most common underlying disease was acute myeloid leukemia 30/64 (44%), 32/64 (46%) patients were neutropenic, 31/64 (45%) undergone allogeneic HSCT, 61/64 (88%) had previously used antibiotics and 9/64 (13%) have severe CDAD. Most of the patients (89%) received treatment with oral metronidazole and 19/64 (26%) died. The independent risk factors associated with death were the severe form of CDAD, and use of linezolid.

scholarly journals IMMUNITY AND VACCINE PROPHYLAXIS IN ADULTS WITH INFECTION CAUSED BY VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Polyakova ◽  
V. V. Nikiforov ◽  
Murad Z. Shakhmardanov
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Secondary Immunodeficiency ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Vaccine Prophylaxis ◽  
Existing Data

Due to the wide spread of herpesvirus infections and the increase in the number of diseases that inhibit the immune system, the modern course of infection caused by Varicella zoster has features. If earlier herpes zoster was considered a disease of the age of 60 years or more, now they are increasingly ill persons under 60 years. The article shows that groups of people with secondary immunodeficiency have a higher risk of reactivation of Varicella zoster. Patients with HIV infection, myeloma and other immunocompromising diseases are more likely to be affected by herpes zoster. The data of own researches confirming the existing data that the chronic pathology directly or indirectly influencing cellular immunity, in particular, on T-lymphocytes, is also risk of occurrence at the age of 60 years are given. Due to the fact that the infection caused by Varicella zoster, against the background of secondary immunodeficiency occurs in a more severe form than in persons who do not suffer from immunodeficiency, the prevention of relapses of the disease by vaccination and chemoprophylaxis are discussed. In accordance with the existing views, the indications for specific prevention in HIV-infected and cancer patients are described. Important criteria are indicators of CD4 levels of lymphocytes, the stage of the underlying disease and the time elapsed after the last course of chemotherapy. Since all registered vaccines against Varicella zoster are live attenuated - this increases the risk of adverse events. Prospects of creation and ways of increase of the combined immunopreparations are discussed.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of sepsis in the practice of the infectious disease doctor

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
M. G Avdeeva ◽  
V. N Gorodin ◽  
L. P Blazhnaya ◽  
M. I Kulbuzheva ◽  
S. V Zotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Organ System Failure

The purpose of the study - the detection of clinical and epidemiological peculiarities of sepsis in patients admitting to the Infectious Diseases Unit on the base of the analysis of the hospital cohort. Patients and methods There was studied the Hospital cohort of the Krasnodar Specialized Infectious Disease Hospital for the period from 2010 to 2014, there were analyzed both the frequency of registration of sepsis and the structure of the mortality rate. The clinical course of sepsis and epidemiological records were considered in 81 patients. Results. The percentage of sepsis in the hospital cohort of the infectious clinic accountedfor 0.28%. In the structure of hospital lethal outcomes, the share of sepsis amounted for one fourth (24%). Among deceased patients in the clinic, the diagnosis of sepsis was predominant in 9% ofpatients; in the rest 15% cases sepsis complicated the course of the underlying disease. The mortality rate in patients with sepsis was 14%. Among the cases the males (73%) prevailed. The disease was detected at the age of 19 to 87 years. More than half ofpatients (60%) were 20-40years aged, with an average age of 41.3 ± 2.15 years. The most common of the directional diagnoses were: acute respiratory tract infection (37%), and unspecified fever (26%). Thereafter clinical diagnosis of severe sepsis was made in 94% of cases, subacute - in 3%, chronic - in 3% of cases. The disease was moderate in course in 62% of patients, severe course occurred in 38%. In all cases, the cryptogenic sepsis was diagnosed. In 2 patients sepsis developed on the background of HIV infection. 31% of patients were treated in the ICU unit. Complications of the severe course of sepsis were: infectious-toxic shock (19%), acute cardiovascular insufficiency (16%), acute hepatorenal failure (19%), ARDS, ARF (16%), DIC (9%), anemia (13%). The clinical diagnosis of sepsis has been confirmed by laboratory isolation of blood culture and a positive reaction with the autostrain in 40% of cases. In the etiological structure of sepsis staphylococcus dominated (85%), polyetiological nature of sepsis was confirmed in two patients (E.coli, St.aureus, S. pneumonae, fungi Candida). In rare cases, Str. Mitis, Kl. Pneumoniae were confirmed. Etiotropic therapy was performed with broad-spectrum antibiotics and antifungal drugs. Conclusion. In the practice of the infectious disease specialist predominantly there is made the diagnosis of cryptogenic staphylococcal sepsis as well as sepsis in the outcome of a particularly severe infectious disease. The disease was more frequently observed in young males at the age of d 20 to 40 years, it has an acute course and is manifested in moderate and, more rarely, in the severe form. The establishment of a diagnosis of sepsis in the clinic of infectious diseases is based on the following criteria: signs of SIRS, signs of organ-system failure (infectious-toxic shock , acute hepato-renal failure, acute cardio-vascular insfficiency, ARF, ARDS, DIC) in 2 or more systems; bacteremia (positive blood culture confirmed by the reaction with autostrain, positive PCR). The diagnosis is not in doubt in the presence of at least two of these signs

Drug-Induced Movement Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Amy Lustig ◽  
Cesar Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Extrapyramidal Symptoms ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Broad Understanding ◽  
Underlying Disease Process

The purpose of this article is to present a general overview of the features of drug-induced movement disorders (DIMDs) comprised by Parkinsonism and extrapyramidal symptoms. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who work with patients presenting with these issues must have a broad understanding of the underlying disease process. This article will provide a brief introduction to the neuropathophysiology of DIMDs, a discussion of the associated symptomatology, the pharmacology implicated in causing DIMDs, and the medical management approaches currently in use.

Hämophilie-Zentrum Bonn 1980 – 2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S4-S10 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Besmens ◽  
H.-H. Brackmann ◽  
J. Oldenburg
Keyword(s):  
Young Patients ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Coagulation Disorder ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Clotting Disorder ◽  
Regional Character

SummaryThe Bonn Haemophilia Care Center provides patient care on a superregional level. The centre’s large service area is, in part, due to the introduction of haemophilia home treatment and related to this the individualized prophylaxis in children and adults by Egli and Brack-mann in Bonn in the early 1970s, that represented a milestone in German haemophilia therapy. Epidemiologic patient data from the two selected time points, 1980 and 2009, are evaluated to illustrate the change in the composition of the patient clientele. In 1980 a total of 639 patients were treated at the Bonn Haemophilia Center. 529 patients exhibited a severe form and 110 a non-severe form of the respective clotting disorder. In 2009 the Bonn Haemophilia Center took care for a total of 837 patients. There were 445 patients who suffered from a severe form of the considered clotting disorder while 392 showed a non-severe course. The number of less severely affected patients has increased significantly in 2009. Patients in 1980 were predominantly suffering from a severe form and most had to travel more than 150 km from their homes to the treatment center. In 2009 the number of patients living a medium-long distance from the care provider has significantly increased while the number of patients living more than 150km from the center has decreased. Comparing 2009 to 1980 a growth of the center’s regional character becomes apparent, especially when patient age and severity of the coagulation disorder are taken into consideration. The regional character was more strongly pronounced with milder disease severity and lower patient age. Due to the existence of well established primary haemophilia care in CCCs in Germany, the trend for the recent years is that the proportion of young patients that choose haemophilia care providers closer to their homes is increasing.

Clinical features and outcome of acquired haemophilia A

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gheisari ◽  
B. Bomke ◽  
T. Hoffmann ◽  
R. E. Scharf
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Haemophilia A ◽  
Acquired Haemophilia

SummaryWe have performed a monocenter study on 29 consecutive patients with acquired haemophilia A who were referred for diagnosis and treatment to the Düsseldorf Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Center between March 2001 and February 2010. Patients, methods: 18 men (age: 44–86 years) and 11 women (age: 20–83 years). For laboratory evaluation, a standardized staged protocol of aPTT, FVIII : C activity and concentration, mixing studies with patient and normal plasma, and quantification of inhibitor titers (Bethesda assay) was used. Diagnostic work-up included elaborate examinations for any underlying disease. Results: In 18 (62%) of the 29 patients with acquired haemophilia A, an underlying disorder was identified, including 9 patients with respiratory diseases (31%), 7 patients with autoimmune disorders (24%), one with malignancy, and one with postpartum state, while in 11 patients (38%) acquired haemophilia A remained idiopathic. Haemotherapy of bleeding, suppression or elimination of the inhibitor, and induction of immunotolerance to endogenous FVIII:C were performed according to a treatment algorithm. Predefined clinical endpoints were control of bleeding, eradication of the inhibitor, complete or partial remission (CR, PR), relapse, or early death (≤30 days). Of the 29 patients in total, 22 individuals achieved CR (76%), three had PR, one relapsed, and three died within 30 days (one of acute myocardial infarction while on anti-haemorrhagic treatment, one of sepsis while on immunosuppression due to active acquired haemophilia A, one of lung bleeding in association with pre-existing pulmonary sarcoidosis). Conclusion: This monocenter study demonstrates that control of life-threatening bleeding, eradication of the inhibitor, and induction of tolerance to endogenous FVIII have significantly improved the clinical outcome of acquired haemophilia A. Our data also suggest a shift in underlying disorders associated with acquired haemophilia A, whereby, in comparison to published studies, a relative increase in the proportion of patients with respiratory diseases is present.

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