scholarly journals I.Novinsky. To the results of the discussion on the front of medicine and the problems of the reconstruction of science "For Marxist-Leninist natural science" 1931 No. 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 900-907
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Party Positions ◽  
Medical Theory ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The results of the discussion on questions of philosophy and natural science revealed the anti-Leninist meaning of views in natural science and provided concrete evidence to substantiate the inevitability and necessity of a struggle on two fronts in defending party positions in science. The medical front does not occupy an exceptional position. In the field of the theoretical foundations of medicine, public health in general, and in the practice of socialist public health, we have a fierce struggle against the offensive of the Party. We have a perversion of Marxist-Leninist positions in medical theory, we also have opportunistic practice.

A Review of Theoretical, Conceptual, and Methodological Issues in Public Health Communication

2017 ◽  
pp. 194-216
Author(s):  
Thanny Noeem Taiwo ◽  
Oyewo Oyeyinka Olusola
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Public Health Communication ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This chapter attempts a review of the dominant issues relating to theoretical, conceptual and methodological directions in public health communication discourse. Through a combination of descriptive and meta-analytical reviews, the chapter analyses evidences from past studies in the field of public health communication with the aim of summarizing findings in order to find a clear path for future direction of research in this area. There is, therefore, efforts in the chapter at reviewing the major theoretical foundations that have driven scholarly discussions in this field from individual to interpersonal, community and institutional perspectives. The chapter also discusses wide raging conceptual issues relating to reproductive health, maternal mortality, child survival, mental health, infectious diseases as well as accident, trauma and emergency. Diverse methods used in studying public health communication were also reviewed in the chapter.

The Role Of Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition In The Remodeling Of Lung Injury Induced By Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 3257-3257
Author(s):  
Meiqing Wu ◽  
Can Liu ◽  
Ke Zhao ◽  
Xiuli Wu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Technology Program ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
National Public Health

Abstract Background Noninfectious lung injury caused by graft-versus-graft disease (GVHD) is a life-threatening complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT). Epithelial injury is a central event in the pathogenesis of noninfectious lung injury. Recent studies have shown that alveolar epithelial cells are able to self-renew and reestablish a functional alveolar epithelium. In the inflammatory and fibrotic lung diseases, differentiated epithelia also can acquire a myofibroblast phenotype in the process termed epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which contributes to aberrant healing and fibrosis. Many factors such as inflammatory cytokine TGF-β have been suggested to induce EMT. However, the role of EMT in the remodeling of acute GVHD (aGVHD) induced lung injury is unclear. Methods BALB/c mice were lethally irradiated and transplanted T cell-deleted (TCD) bone marrow plus whole spleen cells from C57BL/6 mice as aGVHD group, and only transplanted TCD bone marrow cells as control group. Alveolar epithelial cells were isolated from mice of two groups and Ep-CAM expression was measured by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of cytokines including IFN-γ, TNF-α and TGF-β was detected by RT-PCR. The mRNA and protein expressions of specific markers, including E-cadherin, vimentin, Snail and surfactant proteins (SP)-C in lung tissue, were detected by RT-PCR and western blot. Results All mice in the aGVHD group showed diffuse periluminal infiltrates and parenchymal pneumonitis by histopathology, while the mice in the control group did not show any lung injury evidence. IFN-γ, TNF-α, TGF-β mRNA expressions were markedly up-regulated in the lung injury group as compared to the control group (P=0.045, P=0.032, P=0.025). Alveolar epithelial cells of injured lung expressed higher Ep-CAM (P=0.017) and lower SP-C (P=0.023). RT-PCR and western blot analyses revealed a significant decrease in epithelial marker E-cadherin (P=0.029) and increase in mesenchymal marker vimentin (P=0.026) in the GVHD damaged lung. Snail, a key EMT related transcription factor, was significantly elevated at mRNA and protein level in comparison to control group (P=0.015). Conclusion EMT is involving in the remodeling of lung injury induced by aGVHD. TGF-β is demonstrated to induce EMT. Whether up-regulation of IFN-γ and TNF-α contributes to EMT is deserved to be further explored. Disclosures: Wu: 863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Liu:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Zhao:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Wu:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Zhang:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Fan:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Fan:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Yin:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Zheng:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Yi:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Liu:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding.

Disrupted Toll-Like Receptor Signalling Of Intestinal Epithelium In Intestinal Graft-Versus-Host Disease

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 3256-3256
Author(s):  
Can Liu ◽  
Meiqing Wu ◽  
Ke Zhao ◽  
Xiuli Wu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Technology Program ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Intestinal Gvhd

Abstract Background The intestine is preferentially damaged in acute graft-versus-graft disease (aGVHD). Patients with intestinal GVHD are usually associated with drug-resistant diarrhea and microflora disturbance. Recent studies suggest that toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling can protect the intestinal epithelial barrier and confer commensal tolerance in health. But less is known about how functional versus dysfunctional TLR pathway opposes or favours the intestinal GVHD. Methods In the current study, BALB/c mice were transplanted whole spleen and T cell deleted (TCD) bone marrow cells from C57BL/6 mice as GVHD group, and transplanted TCD bone marrow cells as control group. The jejunum, ileum, colon and rectum epithelium were harvested and total RNA of the intestinal epithelium were extracted in two groups. The mRNA expression of classical TLR pathway TLRx/MYD88/IRAK4 signaling molecules (TLR2, TLR4, MYD88, IRAK4 and Tollip) and cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and TGF-β) were detected by RT-PCR. Results The intestine of aGVHD recipients showed severe mucosal edema and erythema with histologic changes of apoptotic epithelial cells and crypt cell dropout, while the intestine of recipients in the control group did not show any intestinal GVHD evidence. TLR2 expression was markedly down-regulated and little TLR4 expression was observed in GVHD intestinal epithelium in comparison to control group. MYD88 and IRAK4 expression were lower in the entire intestinal epithelium of GVHD group but only significant in colon and rectum epithelium between the two groups. Tollip, a TLR signaling inhibitor by interfering IRAK, was found much higher in the GVHD group. For cytokines, both of IFN-γ and TNF-α expression were markedly up-regulated from proximal to distal intestine in GVHD group as compared to control group. There was no difference in TGF-β expression between the two groups. Conclusions We propose TLR signaling in the intestinal epithelium, especially in colon and rectum, presents disruption in intestinal graft-versus-host disease. IFN-γ and TNF-α might contribute to accelerate TLR pathway alteration. Disclosures: Liu: It was supported by 863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017).: Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174).: Research Funding. Wu:It was supported by 863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017).: Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174).: Research Funding. Zhao:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017).: Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174).: Research Funding. Wu:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Zhang:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Fan:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Fan:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Yin:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Zheng:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Yi:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding. Liu:863 Program (No. 2011AA020105) and National Public Health Grand Research Foundation ( No. 201202017): Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China (11A72121174): Research Funding.

Allevatori di uomini. Il caso dell'Istituto biotipologico ortogenetico di Genova

2009 ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Emilio Maura ◽  
F. Peloso Paolo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Tradition ◽  
Medical Theory ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

- The Biotypologic Orthogenetic Institute of the University of Genoa, was created, in 1926, by the Italian endocrinologist Nicola Pende (1880 -1970). Pende's biotypology follows the Italian medical tradition, fruit of two different trains of thought: Cesare Lombroso's medical approach and Achille De Giovanni and Giacinto Viola's constitutionalist theory. This dual line of thought brings medical scholars to focus on public health, early diagnosis and prevention, all topics comprising a political interest in society, nation and race. Moreover, this approach involves a reductionist view of the body/mind relationship - enclosing mental and relational life in the body - and consequently allows morphological and endocrinologic measurements. Pende's orthogenetics originates from the same premises as Eugenetics and adopts the same aims, but differs when it advocates the importance of acting after birth, so as not to infringe the tenets of the catholic church on the right of every person to live. Pende's medical theory - outlined before the fascist era - proposes a "total" and reductive approach to the complexity of the human being, in line with the fascists' endeavour to put each person in the right place (hence the usefulness of early diagnosis), and thus build, once and for ever, a perfect and stable social organisation. Pende's biotypology considers public health as a priority, followed by individual health. The past debate in the media - set off by the experience of Pende's Institute - addressed some issues discussed today : the relationship between individual and public health interests, and the bioethical features of early diagnosis in medicine and psychology. Keywords: biotypology, orthogenetics, biopolitics, constitutionalism, fascism, bioethics.

A Review of Theoretical, Conceptual, and Methodological Issues in Public Health Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-51
Author(s):  
Thanny Noeem Taiwo ◽  
Oyewo Oyeyinka Olusola
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Public Health Communication ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This chapter attempts a review of the dominant issues relating to theoretical, conceptual and methodological directions in public health communication discourse. Through a combination of descriptive and meta-analytical reviews, the chapter analyses evidences from past studies in the field of public health communication with the aim of summarizing findings in order to find a clear path for future direction of research in this area. There is, therefore, efforts in the chapter at reviewing the major theoretical foundations that have driven scholarly discussions in this field from individual to interpersonal, community and institutional perspectives. The chapter also discusses wide raging conceptual issues relating to reproductive health, maternal mortality, child survival, mental health, infectious diseases as well as accident, trauma and emergency. Diverse methods used in studying public health communication were also reviewed in the chapter.

Public Health and the Built Environment: Historical, Empirical, and Theoretical Foundations for an Expanded Role

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy C. Perdue ◽  
Lawrence O. Gostin ◽  
Lesley A. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
State Health ◽  
Industry Association ◽  
Physical Diseases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

In 2000, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Environmental Health issued a report that explored some of the ways in which “sprawl” impacts public health. The report has generated great interest, and state health officials are beginning to discuss the relationship between land use and public health. The CDC report has also produced a backlash. For example, the Southern California Building Industry Association labeled the report “a ludicrous sham” and argued that the CDC should stick to “fighting physical diseases, not defending political ones.”In retrospect, it is probably unfortunate that this report was funded by an organization called “Sprawl Watch.” “Spraw” is a word that has no clear meaning but is applied to a huge range of issues involving suburban development.

Issues Related to Science in the Quran

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (118) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
R.F. Naýryzbaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spiritual Support ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

There is no doubt that a person and a people with a strong spiritual support have a great future. Therefore, the scientific study of the Quran is of great importance. The theoretical foundations of this problem are relevant both in the history of religious studies and the philosophy of religion, as well as in the scientific field of natural science and the humanities. Considering the Islamic worldview from the point of view of the humanities, natural (physical) and other sciences allows young people to delve into all areas of science without understanding religion, the Koran as a dogmatic Secret doctrine, and initiates becoming a member of a spiritually conscious society. The article considers The Holy Quran as a divine book based on science, knowledge, teaching and education. The Quran covers all areas of science. In other words, the Quran contains a lot of information from various fields of science: physics, astronomy, astrophysics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, medicine, Economics, Pedagogy, Psychology, Embryology, Geology, Philosophy, Cultural studies, Natural science, Religious studies, and many others. Therefore, the Quran is a source of inexhaustible science. As science and technology develop, the truth of the Quran is also confirmed. The article notes that the Koran is a real book that has not lost its value over the centuries, its wonders are inexhaustible, useful for the happiness and prosperity of all mankind. The connection between the subject of physics and the topics contained in the Koran, sacred words, verses, and prayers is also considered.

scholarly journals Carole Rawcliffe and Claire Weeda, 'Introduction', Policing the Urban Environment in Premodern Europe

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Weeda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Medical Theory

As urban communities in Western Europe mushroomed from the twelfth century onward, authorities promptly responded with a plethora of regulations to facilitate, at least in theory, the orderly cohabitation of dwellers within the city walls. Many of these rules concerned public health matters, such as the disposal of waste, the protection of water supplies, and the sale of wholesome foodstuffs. In some cases, sanitary regulations drew from Ancient Greek and especially Galenic medical theory, which stressed the importance of a hygienic environment in safeguarding the urban body from disease. The effective execution of such measures relied in part on the active engagement and compliance of the population. Shared assumptions regarding physical and spiritual well-being, social cohesion, neighbourliness, and economic prosperity, as well as the pursuit of ideals of urbanity, fed into communal efforts to police the environment, the behaviour of others, and the conduct of the self. Nonetheless, conflicting interests and contradictory impulses abounded, and official bodies might wield the disciplinary stick when their efforts met with apathy, confusion, resistance, or evasion. This volume explores attempts to enforce rules and recommendations for the improvement of public health and sanitation in premodern Western Europe, while also seeking to establish how urban populations may have reacted to them. To this end, it draws upon a wide range of source material, including bylaws, court rulings, and official injunctions, together with the evidence of judicial inquiries, administrative records, urban chronicles, panegyrics, and medical texts. And in so doing it comprehensively challenges a lingering tendency on the part of historians writing for the academic as well as the popular market to employ the word ‘medieval’ as a synonym for ignorance, superstition, and indifference to squalor.

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