scholarly journals Role of studying the pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity in optimizing disease screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Katargina ◽  
Natal’ya B. Chesnokova ◽  
Natal’ya V. Balatskaya ◽  
Natal’ya Anatolievna Osipova ◽  
Anna Yurievna Panova
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Disease Screening ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Screening System ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Rop Screening

Background: The efficiency of treatment and prevention of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has improved. In addition, the development of a disease screening system to reduce the incidence of disability resulting from this pathology is important. Aim: This study aimed to determine new laboratory criteria for screening and predicting the ROP course through in-depth investigation of the molecules participating in the pathogenesis of ROP. Material and methods: A comprehensive clinical and experimental study was performed to assess the local and systemic levels of 49 cytokines with various biological effects, four monoamines, and angiotensin-II (AT-II) at different stages of the pathological process. In the clinical analysis, 165 preterm infants at risk of ROP development were examined. For the experimental part, the disease course of 145 Wistar infant rats in the developed model of experimental ROP was analyzed. Results: Among cytokines, the seven most promising potential laboratory markers of ROP development and adverse course were as follows: MCP1 95 pg/mL, IGF-II 140 pg/mL, TGFbeta1 18000 pg/mL, and IGF-I 24 pg/mL in the blood serum of preterm infants before the first signs of ROP and VEGF-A 108 pg/mL, TGF-beta2 100 pg/mL, and PDGF-BB 1800 pg/mL at ROP manifestation. Among monoamines, serotonin (17.0 pg/mL) and L-DOPA indicated their prognostic value in the clinical and experimental settings. Moreover, a possible prognostic role of AT-II was found. Conclusion: In this study, methods to improve the ROP screening system are outlined, but further work is necessary to assess the possibility of implementing the results in clinical practice

scholarly journals Retinopathy of Prematurity – Bangladesh perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-452
Author(s):  
Maksudur Rahman ◽  
Liton Chandra Saha ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque ◽  
M Monir Hossain ◽  
BH Nazma Yasmeen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Timely Referral ◽  
Rop Screening

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) results in severe visual impairment and blindness in newborns. Now a days with the advancement of the technology to save preterm infants, its incidence is also increasing in both developed and developing countries. Appropriate and timely screening program can prevent ROP and reduces the functional impairment of eyes. Many countries have their guideline for ROP screening. Bangladesh national guideline is still in progress. Hope it will be published soon. In Bangladesh practically nationwide ROP screening was started in 2013. But still most of the screening program is limited to the capital city. Vast majority of neonates who stayed in peripheral districts are still out of screening program and failed to have timely referral. The current efforts of screening program are mainly driven by the private, NGO and the Gov’t professional bodies. Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.11 (2) Jan 2020: 447- 452

scholarly journals Exosome-derived miR-127-5p Promotes Embryonic-like Stem Cells Differentiation Into Pacemaker Cell Through Nkx2.5 Down-regulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Zhu ◽  
Jia You ◽  
Xiaojuan Gu ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
Xiang Gu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Pacemaker Cell ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Available evidence suggests the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathological process of several diseases. Nonetheless, molecular mechanism underlying biological effects of miRNAs such as pacemaker exosome-derived miR-127-5p in embryonic-like stem cells (ESCs) differentiation into pacemaker cell is yet to be clarified. Through real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) or western blotting (WB) techniques, levels of miRNAs, miR-127-5p, and NKx2.5 expressions was quantitatively measured. Cellular differentiation (CD) was probed with flow cytometric (FC) and WB techniques. Prediction of miR-127-5p association with NKx2.5 was studied through bioinformatics tools before verification with luciferase assay. Promotion of ESCs differentiation to pacemaker through miR-127-5p was measured with qPCR and WB techniques. Through the same assaying methods, up-regulation of pace-making genes (shox2, HCN4, Cx45, Tbx3 and Tbx18) expression was observed in Nkx2.5 knockdown group. However, Nkx2.5 expression was down-regulated during differentiation of pacemaker-like cells into ESCs. Furthermore, techniques (such as qPCR, WB, immunofluorescent staining and FC) were employed to demonstrate that overexpressed miR-127-5p could suppress NKx2.5 expression. Through NKx2.5 targeting, ESCs could be differentiated into pacemaker-like cells with miR-127-5p possibly serving as a crucial positive regulator. On the account of our findings, further researches are needed to unearth the possible underlying mechanism and role of exosome-derived miRNAs in cell signaling.

scholarly journals The Role of Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents in the Management of Retinopathy of Prematurity

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D Conrady ◽  
M Elizabeth Hartnett ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Infant Vision ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Retinopathy of prematurity is a vasoproliferative disease of preterm infants and has effects on infant vision and overall development. It is increasing worldwide with advances in perinatal care. In the following manuscript, we review the pathophysiology and possible treatments. We focused on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents and a few select other candidates.

scholarly journals IMPORTANCE OF IMMUNOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Julia Dmytrievna Kuznetsova ◽  
L. M Balashova ◽  
S. N Bykovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
Multifactorial Diseases ◽  
Immunological Factors

Retinopathy of prematurity is one of the most severe multifactorial diseases eye deeply in preterm infants is associated with general and local morfofunkcional’noj immaturity and vazoproliferasion, often leading to blindness and low vision project and progressing during the entire life. Our review article focuses on the role of immunolological factors in the development of retinopathy of prematurity. The data obtained and further research to study the role of immunological parameters in the pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity and develop, on the basis of this, it caused by correction techniques to prevent the occurrence and progression of the disease remain a burning issue at present.

Validation of the postnatal growth and retinopathy of prematurity screening criteria: A retrospective Italian analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110113
Author(s):  
Samuele Caruggi ◽  
Matteo Scaramuzzi ◽  
Maria Grazia Calevo ◽  
Enrico Priolo ◽  
Lorenza Sposetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Screening Criteria ◽  
Screening Protocol ◽  
Type 1 Rop ◽  
Rop Screening

Purpose: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of childhood blindness. The aim of our study is to validate the new screening criteria elaborated by the Postnatal Growth and Retinopathy of Prematurity (G-ROP) study group in a monocentric cohort of Italian preterm infants. Methods: We retrospectively applied the G-ROP screening criteria to a cohort of preterm infants born between May 2015 and July 2020 with known birth weight, gestational age, serial weight measurement, and known ROP outcome. Primary outcomes were sensitivity and specificity of ROP detection, especially of treatment requiring ROP. Secondary outcomes were reduction of ophthalmologic examinations and of infants requiring screening. Results: We retrospectively evaluated 595 children and 475 were included in our study. Of them, 119 developed any type ROP, 39 developed type 1 ROP, and 28 underwent treatment. G-ROP criteria predicted 39 of 39 cases of type 1 ROP (100% sensitivity and specificity). Sensitivity and specificity for detection of treated ROP were 100%. Considering any type ROP detection, sensitivity was 87.4% and specificity was 100%. Our analysis showed that screening could be avoided in 50% of patients, resulting in a 29% reduction of the number of examinations. Conclusions: Our study validates the new G-ROP screening protocol in a monocentric cohort of premature infants. We demonstrate that all Type 1 ROP and requiring treatment ROP could be found even with a reduction of eye examinations.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Reverse Kangaroo Mother Care Position in Decreasing Adverse Physiological Events and Pain during Screening of Premature Infants for Retinopathy of Prematurity

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. Socorro Fatima P. Calitis ◽  
Maria Esterlita T. Villanueva-Uy ◽  
Socorro De Leon-Mendoza ◽  
Maria Angelica Villano ◽  
Jazel Eleazer-Verde
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Kangaroo Mother Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infant Pain ◽  
Pipp Score ◽  
Rop Screening

Background. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening is uncomfortable and even painful in preterm infants. Objective. To determine the effectiveness of the Reverse-Kangaroo Mother Care (R-KMC) position compared with the conventional position in decreasing adverse physiological events and pain during ROP screening. Methods. This was a parallel randomized controlled trial with two arms- R-KMC position and conventional position (control). The primary outcomes included increased oxygen saturation, decreased heart and respiratory rates, and decreased pain intensity measured by Prematurity Infant Pain Profile (PIPP). Results. There were 100 preterm infants recruited. There were no differences in baseline characteristics, mean ROP screening duration, mean physiological parameters after the mydriatic application and during ROP screening between the two. Only the mean respiratory rates were significantly lower among the R-KMC group during the application of mydriatric agent. (50.26 ± 6.18 vs. 51.6 ± 8.35; p=0.0191). Relative risk (RR) in the control group is 37 to 84 versus 40 to 68 in the R-KMC group. The R-KMC group had a significantly lower mean PIPP score (6.5±2.06 vs. 8.8±2.80; p<0.0001) after mydriatic application and during ROP screening (7.6±2.05 vs. 9.8±2.90; p<0.0001) compared with control. No apnea was observed after mydriatic application, but one apneic episode was in control during ROP screening. 26% of the ROP screeners recommended the R-KMC position during ROP screening, while a majority (70%) was neutral. Conclusion. R-KMC position, a low-cost intervention, significantly reduces pain during ROP screening. It is recommended as a position of choice during ROP screening.

scholarly journals Fluorescein Angiography of the Fundus with Active Retinopathy of Prematurity (Review)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-365
Author(s):  
A. V. Tereshchenko ◽  
I. G. Trifanenkova ◽  
Yu. A. Yudina
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Preterm Children ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Data Usage

The literature review provides information regarding the use of the fluorescein angiography of the fundus (FFA) in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Sanctified security issues FFA treatments in children; the use of FFA in the screening, diagnosis and determining the course of management of patients with ROP, data usage FFA in the assessment of treatment efficacy in ROP, and the role of FFA in detailing clinicalmorphometric classification of ROP. According to the data presented in domestic and foreign literature, the FFA is a highly informative method of research in preterm children with active stages of ROP. It can detect the degree of vascular disorders and prevalence of pathological process, including in cases when pathological changes are still not made available to other ophthalmic research.

Retinopathy of Prematurity: An Example of a Successful Screening Program

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy VanStone
Keyword(s):  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Parental Compliance ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Rop Screening

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a persistent and often devastating morbidity associated with premature and low birth weight infants. It continues to be a frequent diagnosis in the neonatal intensive care unit, despite technologic advances and increased knowledge. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has issued practice guideline recommendations for ROP screening and treatment that aid in creating a consistent and reliable ROP protocol. Challenges exist in screening for and treating ROP, including delayed or omitted exams, lack of qualified examiners, lack of parental compliance with follow-up care, and fear of litigation. This article provides a detailed example of a successful ROP program based on the AAP recommendations and utilizing a multidisciplinary approach to ensure optimal ROP care for the preterm infant. It also discusses the role of the ROP coordinator assigned to the NICU.

Retinopathy of Prematurity and other Ocular Problems in Premature Infants Weighing less than 1500 g at Birth

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.C. Asproudis ◽  
S.K. Andronikou ◽  
E.A. Hotoura ◽  
C.D. Kalogeropoulos ◽  
G.K. Kitsos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Ocular Motility ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Retinal Hemorrhages

Purpose To estimate the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity and other ocular problems in a population of preterm infants. Methods This retrospective study included all infants with gestational age (GA) <32 weeks and birth weight (BW) <1500 g cared for in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) over a period of nine years (1992–2000). Ophthalmological examination was started the 4th week of life and included refractive examination, examination of the cornea and funduscopy under mydriasis. An ocular motility test was done after the 2nd month. Results The study included 194 infants. Stage I and II retinopathy occurred in 51 infants but regressed spontaneously. Five of the 194 (2.5%) had to undergo cryopexy. Optic disc atrophy was observed in association with peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIIVH) (grade IV) in seven infants. Fifteen infants (7.7%) had retinal hemorrhages which were absorbed by three months of age. Almost 20% of the study infants developed high refractive errors and 13.4% strabismus. Conclusions Not only retinopathy of prematurity, but other serious ocular problems were observed in this population of preterm infants. The role of PIIVH III-IV in the pathogenesis of certain ocular problems needs further elucidation.

scholarly journals Screening for Retinopathy of Prematurity Through Utilization a Pediatric Retinal Camera at Jim Pattison Children’s Hospital: A Vision for Improved Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110396
Author(s):  
Malshi Karunatilake ◽  
Sibasis Daspal ◽  
Veronica Mugarab Samedi ◽  
Shehla Rubab
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Retinal Imaging ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Rop Screening

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a vascular proliferative disorder of preterm infants, with increased disease severity and incidence occurring with lower gestational age and birth weight. An alternate approach to ROP screening with wide-field digital retinal imaging helps with the early detection of ROP, especially during the pandemic.

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