scholarly journals Soil spider (Arachnida, Aranei) fauna of Samara parks zones

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Evgeny Alexandrovich Belosludtsev
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Jaccard Index ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
Quantitative Ratio ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Different Seasons

The aim of the work is to identify the species composition of aranei fauna and quantitative ratio of soil spiders in the parks of Samara in different seasons. The paper contains the results of the study of spider fauna in six parks of Samara. The author has used the original material collected in Samara from May to October 2002-2006. The author has identified 3081 individuals from 17 families of spiders. 77 spider species from 54 genera and 17 family have been found, it is 80% of the list of species of ground tier Samara spiders. Species range from 19 to 33 in each park. In the studied parks Linyphiidae family, Lycosidae and Gnaphosidae dominate in the number of species. The analysis of the number of spider species in different seasons of the year showed a gradual decline of species diversity from spring to autumn. According to Jaccard index, each of the studied fauna of spiders has a distinct originality. Only 4 species are present in all parks ( Diplostyla concolor (Wider, 1834), Pardosa lugubris (Walckenaer, 1802), Trochosa ruricola (De Geer, 1778) и Tr. terricola (Thorell, 1856).

Greenhouses of botanical gardens as a habitat of alien and native macrofungi: a case study in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-795
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szczepkowski ◽  
Błażej Gierczyk ◽  
Anna Kujawa
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Botanical Gardens ◽  
Agaricus Subrufescens ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Lepiotaceous Fungi

AbstractIn 2010, 16 macrofungi species were found in greenhouses of the Botanical Garden in Warsaw-Powsin. These included 8 species of lepiotaceous fungi and a few species known from warmer areas. For 3 species identified, which are new to Poland (Agaricus subrufescens, Leucocoprinus heinemannii, Marasmius teplicensis), a description is given, with drawings of their microscopic features and photographs. Species composition of macrofungi is compared in 5 complexes of greenhouses (Bayreuth, Graz, Jena, Paskov, Warsaw) in 4 countries from Central Europe. The total number of species in these 5 studies is 206, including 27 (13.2%) lepiotaceous fungi. The smallest number of species identified was in Warsaw (16). More than twice this number was recorded in Jena (33) and Graz (34), while the richest fungal biotas were in Bayreuth (79) and Paskov (88). Of the 16 species found in Warsaw, 8 were also found in other greenhouses. In the group of 33 species recorded in at least two complexes of greenhouses, the most abundant were the lepiotaceous fungi (39.4%) and mycenaceous fungi (15.1%). Leucocoprinus cepistipes and L. straminellus were recorded most often, in 4 of the 5 studied greenhouse complexes. CCA analysis demonstrated that the highest impact on species diversity is the area of greenhouses.

scholarly journals Influence of elevations on woody tree species diversity in Nam Kar Natural Reserve of Daklak province, Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Thi Thanh Huong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Nhu Quynh Chau
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Forest Strata

This paper describes the influence of elevation on woody tree species diversity in Nam Kar Natural Reserve of Daklak, of which remote sensing and GIS techniques were used as the tools in biodiversity inventory and assessment. The whole Reserve area was divided into four elevation classes based on DEM (Digital Elevation Model) using GIS technique. Landsat 8 satellite image was employed to stratify the forest into the four strata. A total of 4 transect lines of 100 m in length and 20 m in width (abbreviated as H1, H2, H3, and H4) established in east-west direction representing for 4 elevation classes was used for surveying biodiversity and stand structure. The different diversity indices were compared among the different elevation classes. The relationships between reflectance value of sat- ellite image, forest strata with biodiversity indices were also analysed. The result shows that the diversity of woody tree species is different among elevation classes. Based on sample plots a total of 135 tree species belonging to 42 genera was found in this area. Although a low inverse correlations were found between number of species composition, basal area, and tree density with DNs, most correlation was statistically insignificant 95%. However, a medium relation between forest strata and number of species composition were found with correlation coefficient r = 0.53 (P<0.00) in the area. Nghiên cứu này đánh giá đa dạng thực vật thân gỗ tại khu bảo tồn thiên nhiên Nam Kar theo các cấp độ cao khác nhau. Nghiên cứu đã sử dụng ảnh vệ tinh và kỹ thuật GIS để hỗ trong trong việc điều tra và đánh giá đa dạng sinh học. Toàn bộ khu bảo tồn được chia thành 4 cấp độ cao dựa vào mô hình số độ cao (DEM) được thực hiện bằng kỹ thuật GIS. Ảnh Landsat 8 đã được sử dụng để phân chia rừng thành 4 khối trạng thái. Có 4 ô tiêu chuẩn dạng dải có kích thước 100m chiều dài và 20m chiều rộng được đặt ở từng đai cao (viết tắt là H1, H2, H3, và H4) theo hướng cố định Đông – Tây để điều tra đa dạng sinh học và cấu trúc lâm phần của thực vật thân gỗ ở từng đai cao. Các chỉ số đa dạng sinh học đã được so sánh trong từng cấp độ cao. Mối quan hệ giữa giá trị ảnh, hiện trạng rừng với các chỉ số đa dạng cũng được phân tích. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có sự khác biệt về đa dạng loài thực vật thân gỗ theo từng đai cao. Dựa vào ô mẫu nghiên cứu cũng đã ước tính có 135 loài thuộc 42 chi có trong vùng nghiên cứu. Một số đặc điểm lâm phần như thành phần loài, tiết diệt ngang bình quân và mật độ cây có mối tương quan nghịch với giá trị ảnh vệ tinh tuy nhiên mối quan hệ này không có ý nghĩa thống kê ở độ tin cậy 95%. Tuy vậy nghiên cứu cho thấy có mối tương quan tương quan khá chặt giữa số loài và các khối hiện trạng rừng với hệ số tương quan là 0.53 ở mức P<0.00.

An comparative analysis of airborne and terrestrial fungi in show caves Novoafonskaya (Caucasus) and Ali-Sadr (Iran)

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Anna Popkova ◽  
Ekaterina Kozlova ◽  
Samaneh Khazaei ◽  
Sergei Kochetkov ◽  
Anton Fedorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Jaccard Index ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Cave Sediments ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Show Caves ◽  
Terrestrial Fungi

Caves are considered as ecosystems isolated from the surface in varying degrees. Hypogean habitats are mostly A study of cultivated species of microfungi in two show caves Novoafonskaya (Caucasus) and Ali-Sadr (Iran) was carried out. The species composition of fungi has been analyzed in the air and cave sediments along the excursion route. Species identification was performed using standard approaches and cultivation methods. Jaccard index was applied to estimate similarity of communities of different biotopes. The species diversity of microfungi was higher in the Novoafonskaya cave where 50 species of microfungi were identified. Only 38 species were isolated from the Ali-Sadr cave. Representatives of Ascomycota predominated in fungal communities. The greatest species diversity was noted in the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Trichoderma. Species Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Cladosporium herbarum, Pseudogymnoascus pannorum, Oidiodendron tenuissimum and Penicillium chrysogenum were identified in all biotopes of both caves. Comparison of two biotopes of the caves using the Jaccard index revealed a high similarity in the species composition in the soil and air of the Novoafonskaya cave (KJ = 0.64). On the contrary, the species composition of fungi was different in Ali-Sadr cave (KJ = 0.22), which may be explained by intensive propagules input from the surface due to the cave morphology features and the arrangement of excursion route.

Effects of distribution and structural traits of bird's nest ferns (Asplenium nidus) on oribatid (Acari: Oribatida) communities in a subtropical Japanese forest

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenori Karasawa ◽  
Naoki Hijii
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Oribatid Mites ◽  
Subtropical Forests ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Japanese Forest ◽  
Asplenium Nidus ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Bird’S Nest Fern

We studied oribatid (Acari: Oribatida) communities in two distinct microhabitats (litter and root) of the bird's nest fern (Asplenium nidus) in an approximately 4-ha area in a subtropical forest, Okinawa, Japan. We collected a total of 15 729 oribatid mites from 37 ferns and examined whether the size and height of the ferns and the distance between ferns affected the structure of the oribatid communities in terms of the species composition, number of individuals, density (individuals per 100 g dry wt of substrate), number of species and species diversity (Simpson's index). Oribatid communities differed significantly in species composition and density between litter and root components and were evenly distributed horizontally throughout the plot. The density of oribatid mites in the litter decreased significantly with increasing height of the ferns, and the species composition and the numbers of individuals and species in the litter were affected by fern size. Our results suggest that the litter and root of bird's nest ferns allowed diverse oribatid communities to become established, and variations in size and height of the ferns may help to maintain or enhance the diversity of oribatid communities in bird's nest ferns in subtropical forests.

scholarly journals LOCAL ASPECTS OF REGIONAL DIVERSITY AND DYNAMICS OF MACROPHYTOBENTOS IN THE BLACK SEA (BLUEBAY)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
I.K. Evstigneeva ◽  
I.N. Tankovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Ecological Structure ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Over Time

The species composition, ecological structure, features of phytomass formation and their variability over time are described. The phytocenosis includes 46 macroalgae species of Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta and Rhodophyta phylums. Among the phylums, the highest diversity of species and genera was noted for Rhodophyta. The ecological structure of the phytocenosis is formed by algae from 12 ecogroups, among which marine, leading, annual, and oligosaprobic species dominate. Species of Ochrophyta phylum, and especially representatives of the genus Cystoseira , are most involved in the production process. A peculiarity of the temporal dynamics of the characteristics of the studied phytocenosis is high variability of the species diversity and phytomass of Chlorophyta, as well as the absolute number of species in ecogroups. The biological “norm” is not exceeded for intra-annual changes in the species diversity and phytomass of Ochrophyta, and the relative number of species in phylums and ecogroups. Rhodophyta in this respect is intermediate. Interannual fluctuations in the species composition, in contrast to intra-annual fluctuations, occur with lower intensity. The species proportion of phylums remains constant over time. It was shown that cystosiric phytocenosis, despite the anthropogenic press, retains the basic structural and functional features of macrophytobenthos of the Black Sea.

Phytoplankton species diversity of the Lower Vistula from Wyszogród to Toruń

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Dembowska
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
River Section ◽  
Dam Reservoir ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Species Composition

Phytoplankton species diversity of the Lower Vistula from Wyszogród to ToruńIn this paper, the results of research on phytoplankton species composition along the 145 km section of the Lower Vistula are presented. The research was carried out during the growing season in 1998. All sites were located in the mainstream, both in the river and in the dam reservoir, which is situated in the middle part of the studied river section. As regards the number of species, diatoms and green algae were the most numerous. Most of the species were identified at the site located above the dam reservoir. The fewest number of species were identified at the sites below the reservoir. Damming the river, and therefore changing the water flow velocity, had a clear effect on the species composition and diversity of plankton algae.

ICHTHYOFAUNA OF THE OB RIVER AND ITS FLOODPLAIN IN THE OKTYABRSKY DISTRICT OF THE KHANTY-MANSI AUTONOMOUS OKRUG-YUGRA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Владимир Сергеевич Шкиндер ◽  
Наталья Васильевна Смолина
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Ob River ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Khanty Mansi Autonomous ◽  
Carp Fish

В статье рассмотрен видовой состав уловов в Октябрьском районе Ханты-Мансийского округа - Югры в 2020-2021 гг. Совокупно в промышленных, любительских и браконьерских уловах отмечено 23 вида из 9 семейств. Набольшее видовое разнообразие отмечено в русле и протоках Оби (соответственно 18 и 20 видов). По числу видов и объемам добычи в любительском и промышленном рыболовстве лидируют карповые рыбы. The article considers the species composition of catches in the Oktyabrsky district of the Khanty-Mansiysk district - Yugra in 2020-2021. In total, 23 species from 9 families were recorded in industrial, amateur and poaching catches. The greatest species diversity was noted in the riverbed and channels of the Ob (18 and 20 species, respectively). In terms of the number of species and production volumes, carp fish are the leaders in amateur and industrial fishery.

scholarly journals Representation of Threatened Biodiversity in Protected Areas and Identification of Complementary Areas for Their Conservation: Plethodontid Salamanders in Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 194008291983415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina García-Bañuelos ◽  
Sean M. Rovito ◽  
Eduardo Pineda
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Plethodontid Salamander ◽  
Plethodontid Salamanders ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Salamander Species

Protected areas (PAs) have been the most important conservation instrument worldwide and are reaching the coverage percentage suggested internationally (17%), but with the risk of not being ecologically representative, which is particularly concerning for threatened species. Using a database of records from museums, literature, and our fieldwork, we evaluated the representation of 132 plethodontid salamander species, a highly threatened group, in the PAs of Mexico. We assessed the importance of PAs, according to the type of governance, to represent the salamander species diversity, estimating the proportion of suitable habitat within PAs where salamanders occur and detecting potential areas to protect threatened species that are outside of PAs. Approximately 40% of plethodontid species, including threatened species, have not been recorded in PAs. A set of federal PAs harbor the greatest number of species, while state, community, and private PAs have different species composition and a high complementariness to federal areas. In 82% of PAs with plethodontid records, suitable habitat covers more than half of their extent. To protect the 36 threatened plethodontid species that have not been recorded in any PA, we detected 26 potential sites, as well as 12 close and suitable established PAs, to complement the protection of threatened species. Different types of governance of PAs are highly complementary to protect threatened species, but not all PAs seem to have the proper conditions for their survival.

Habitat variability and fish species structure in the Kończak stream

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Golski ◽  
Antoni Przybył ◽  
Jan Mazurkiewicz ◽  
Wojciech Andrzejewski ◽  
Jakub Trawiński
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Habitat Variability ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Abc Index

Habitat variability and fish species structure in the Kończak streamIn the year 2008, studies on ichthyofauna were carried out in the Kończak stream. The stream was divided into four sections representing the variability of the water course. In each section, a research segment (100-150 meters long) was defined. In the ichthyofauna structure analysis, the indices of quantitative biocenotic domination and biomass were used. Furthermore, on the basis of the obtained data, the Shannon-Wiener indices of species diversity (H), as well as the abundance and the biomass (ABC index) were calculated. Altogether, in all research localities, 667 fish specimens were collected, with a total weight of 8,760 g and classified into 19 species. The caught fish were classified into 8 reproductive groups. Significant differences in the species composition and the number of fish were recorded between the particular sections. The number of species occurring in the studied sections oscillated between 2 and 17. The richest ichthyocenoses were recorded in the transitional and forest sections characterized by a comparatively small transformation of the habitats and good environmental conditions. In the remaining two sections, located in the middle and in the upper stream course, there was a distinct impoverishment of ichthyocenoses caused by the decreased attractiveness of the habitats.

scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Dark Septate Endophytes in the Roots of Lycium ruthenicum in the Desert Region of Northwest China

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 648
Author(s):  
Li Han ◽  
Jingxin Shi ◽  
Chao He ◽  
Xueli He
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Dark Septate Endophytes ◽  
Desert Ecosystems ◽  
Lycium Ruthenicum ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hydrolyzable Nitrogen

With the intensification of desertification in northwest China, drought has become a serious environmental problem restricting plant growth and ecological restoration. Recently, dark septate endophytes (DSEs) have attracted more attention because of their ability to improve plants’ resistance to drought. Here, we investigated DSE colonization and species diversity in roots of Lycium ruthenicum collected from Anxi and Minqin, in northwest China, during July, September, and December 2019. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of seasonality and sampling sites on DSEs. In different seasons, DSE colonization varied with the phenology of L. ruthenicum. At different sites, DSE colonization significantly differed. Four isolates were reported in desert ecosystems for the first time. The results showed microsclerotial colonization was directly affected by changing seasons, while hyphal colonization and species diversity were directly affected by sampling sites. The soil organic carbon, pH, alkaline phosphatase, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen were the main predictors of DSE colonization and species diversity. We conclude that DSE colonization and diversity showed significant spatial–temporal heterogeneity and were closely related to soil factors. This research provides a basis for the further understanding of the ecological functions of DSEs and their application potential for vegetative restoration and agricultural cultivation in drylands.

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