scholarly journals Historical Potential of Newsreel and Its Interpretation

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Victor K Belyakov
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Secondary Use ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Film Archives ◽  
The Right

What is a newsreel and how it relates to historical events? When watching the newsreel film footage, it is important to understand it and evaluate. It is necessary to have a specific pre-knowledge and pre-understanding of the subject. We have the right mind to correlate on-screen images with historical events. But newsreels never plays them fully, since they do not give a comprehensive picture of what have happened. Actually, newsreels are largely symbolic, and they also facilitate formation of historical memory. At the same time, to fully understand the historical newsreels one has to use the knowledge about the same events from other sources. When viewing pictures of the past, its vital to take into consideration the author's initial message predestinated for the according audience. This raises the question of the interpretation of the seen today, affected by certain mental filters of the actual audience. It especially tells on secondary use of historical newsreels today in a new documentary. Symbolism in newsreel arises through the symbolism of the ritual demonstrated on the screen. Does the ritualistic imagery bear any esthetical quality? There is a kind of duality: either we see a certain beauty of the ritual, or we look at what is happening only in the informational way. The novelty of the article is determined by its theoretical approach to understanding of the artistic and historical qualities of the newsreel, helpful for researchers and practitioners working in film archives.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF HISTORICAL MEMORY IN HUMAN FATE (ON THE MATERIAL OF THE NOVELS "OLD MAN" BY YURI TRIFONOV AND "PLANET OF MR. SEMMLER" SOLA BELLOU)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (86) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Bratus ◽  
◽  
Zoriana Sverdlyk ◽  
Anna Gunka ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Moral Choice ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The Right

The article analyzes the significance of historical memory in the context of personal experiences of the heroes of the literary works of Solo Bellow and Yuri Trifonov. The question of comprehension of the lived years with elements of the analysis and first of all self-analysis is considered. Particular attention is paid to times of hardship – wars, revolutions, personal tragedies. The authors dwell on the importance of "the right moral choice", on the detrimental effect of "wrong choice". It is proved that the novels "Mr. Semmler's Planet" and "The Old Man" are in approximately the same plane of cultural and historical understanding of reality, the main characters have similar qualities and their general irritation with modernity is relative regardless of different countries (USA and USSR). In modern Ukraine, the problem of overcoming the totalitarian past is quite relevant. Ukrainians have gained a traumatic experience of counteraction and adaptation, comprehension and forgetting, condemnation and justification of certain historical events of the twentieth century. Turning to the literary works of the second half of the twentieth century allows us to better understand the nature of contemporary phenomena, to learn from the useful experience of intellectual writers in trying to "reconcile with reality", to overcome the inertia of oblivion and to find basic values of human existence. human layer. Sol Bellow and Yuri Trifonov were able to describe their main characters quite accurately – they are old, "locked in their memories". Only the past remains their "true" reality, but at the same time they have to live in a "present" alien to them. Continuation of their biological life does not satisfy the main characters of the analyzed works - they try to convey their memories or thoughts to the younger generation. But here they encounter a conditional wall of misunderstanding, a wall of alienation. The considerations and feelings important to them have mostly lost their relevance and turned into rudiments. Only a small part of the information about the past can be perceived only within the framework of interest in the fate of prominent personalities with whom the main characters had to intersect.

Does the Injunction Gap Violate Implementers’ Fair Trial Rights Under the ECHR?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léon E Dijkman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Fair Trial ◽  
European Convention ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Federal Supreme ◽  
Validity Of A Patent

Abstract Germany is one of few jurisdictions with a bifurcated patent system, under which infringement and validity of a patent are established in separate proceedings. Because validity proceedings normally take longer to conclude, it can occur that remedies for infringement are imposed before a decision on the patent’s validity is available. This phenomenon is colloquially known as the ‘injunction gap’ and has been the subject of increasing criticism over the past years. In this article, I examine the injunction gap from the perspective of the right to a fair trial enshrined in Art. 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. I find that the case law of the European Court of Human Rights interpreting this provision supports criticism of the injunction gap, because imposing infringement remedies with potentially far-reaching consequences before the validity of a patent has been established by a court of law arguably violates defendants’ right to be heard. Such reliance on the patent office’s grant decision is no longer warranted in the light of contemporary invalidation rates. I conclude that the proliferation of the injunction gap should be curbed by an approach to a stay of proceedings which is in line with the test for stays as formulated by Germany’s Federal Supreme Court. Under this test, courts should stay infringement proceedings until the Federal Patent Court or the EPO’s Board of Appeal have ruled on the validity of a patent whenever it is more likely than not that it will be invalidated.

The Specter of the Past: Reconstructing Conservative Historical Memory in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-362
Author(s):  
Myungji Yang
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
New Right ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Far Right ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

Through the case of the New Right movement in South Korea in the early 2000s, this article explores how history has become a battleground on which the Right tried to regain its political legitimacy in the postauthoritarian context. Analyzing disputes over historiography in recent decades, this article argues that conservative intellectuals—academics, journalists, and writers—play a pivotal role in constructing conservative historical narratives and building an identity for right-wing movements. By contesting what they viewed as “distorted” leftist views and promoting national pride, New Right intellectuals positioned themselves as the guardians of “liberal democracy” in the Republic of Korea. Existing studies of the Far Right pay little attention to intellectual circles and their engagement in civil society. By examining how right-wing intellectuals appropriated the past and shaped triumphalist national imagery, this study aims to better understand the dynamics of ideational contestation and knowledge production in Far Right activism.

The Frontiers of Memory: What the Marathas Remembered of Vijayanagara

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUMIT GUHA
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Southern India ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Tradition ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe past two decades have seen a dramatic renewal of interest in the subject of historical memory, its reproduction and transmission. But most studies have focused on the selection and construction of extant memories. This essay looks at missing memory as well. It seeks to broaden our understanding of memory by investigating the way in which historical memory significant to one historical tradition was slighted by another, even though the two overlapped both spatially and chronologically. It does this by an examination of how the memory of the Marathi-speaking peoples first neglected and then adopted the story of the Vijayanagara empire that once dominated southern India.

scholarly journals Designing the social estate of odnodvortsy of the western provinces in 1831

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Constantin Vadimovich Troianowski
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Social Category ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article investigates the process of designing of the new social estate in imperial Russia - odnodvortsy of the western provinces. This social category was designed specifically for those petty szlachta who did not possess documents to prove their noble ancestry and status. The author analyses deliberations on the subject that took place in the Committee for the Western Provinces. The author focuses on the argument between senior imperial officials and the Grodno governor Mikhail Muraviev on the issue of registering petty szlachta in fiscal rolls. Muraviev argued against setting up a special fiscal-administrative category for petty szlachta suggesting that its members should join the already existing unprivileged categories of peasants and burgers. Because this proposal ran against the established fiscal practices, the Committee opted for creating a distinct social estate for petty szlachta. The existing social estate paradigm in Russia pre-assigned the location of the new soslovie in the imperial social hierarchy. Western odnodvortsy were to be included into a broad legal status category of the free inhabitants. Despite similarity of the name, the new estate was not modeled on the odnodvortsy of the Russian provinces because they retained from the past certain privileges (e.g. the right to possess serfs) that did not correspond to the 19th century attributes of unprivileged social estates.

scholarly journals Inventing the Past, Re-Writing the Present

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Jurgita Staniškytė
Keyword(s):  
Current Understanding ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hybrid Approaches ◽  
Reality Effect ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Historical Past

In recent years an increasing number of performances on the Baltic theatre stage attempt to escape the dominant understanding of “performing history” as a repetition or reinforcement of the monumental representations of the historical past or as a (re)production of “mythistory” (Joseph Mali). Lithuanian creators of performances about history increasingly choose hybrid approaches of representation, merging memorialization and critique, imagination and fact, documents and speculative inventions as forms of engagement with the past. This playful re-imagination of the historical past serves as a creative laboratory, where audience ability to recognize and/or resist historical manipulations as well as to embrace plural and polyphonic nature of memory are tested. In some cases, however, Lithuanian theatre creators are interested in “truthful” or “authentic” representations of personal memories, rather than a performative investigation ofmechanisms of production of the “reality effect” in historiography and their impact on audience perception. This article examines the ways in which historical events are represented on the contemporary Lithuanian theatre stage and, at the same time, addresses the larger issues around the implications of particular theatricalstagings of the past on the current understanding of the subject of history.

Social time and the historical memory of the Great Patriotic war of generations Y and Z in the EAEU and CSTO states

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-29
Author(s):  
Galina I. Osadchaya ◽  
Igor A. Seleznev ◽  
Egor Y. Kireev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Social Time ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Depth Interviews

The article analyzes the features of the formation of historical memory and a sense of social time among the youth of the countries participating in the Eurasian integration. The article is based on the data of a sociological study (qualitative comparative analysis of the results of in-depth interviews). The object of the study is representatives of young generations (the generations Y and Z) of citizens of States that have joined or intend to join such associations as the EEU and the CSTO. The subject of the study is the historical memory of these youth social groups about the Great Patriotic War, the general and the special in their perception of these historical events

Aristotle's Use of Medicine as Model of Method in his Ethics

1957 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Political Art ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
Source Of Information

Philosophy, in general, moves in a sphere of abstraction, and its statements claim to be necessary and of universal validity. The reader therefore expects them to appeal directly to his reason, and he does not normally reflect much on the time and historical conditions that determined what the philosopher took for granted. It is only in this age of historical consciousness that we have come to appreciate these factors more readily, and the great thinkers of the past appear to us more or less closely related to the culture of their age. The writings of Plato and Aristotle in particular are for us an inexhaustible source of information about Greek society and civilisation. This is true also in regard to the relation of Greek philosophy to the science of its time, and this is of special importance for our understanding. That relation can be traced throughout Aristotle's logical, physical, and metaphysical works; but the influence of other sciences and arts is no less evident in his ethics. In this paper I propose to examine the numerous references to medicine that occur in the Nicomachean Ethics. They are mostly concerned with the question of the best method of treating this subject. The problem of the right method is always of the utmost importance for Aristotle. The discussion of it begins on the first page of the Ethics, where he tries to give a definition of the subject of this course of lectures and attributes it to a philosophical discipline that he calls ‘politics’. He does so in agreement with the Platonic tradition. We can trace it back to one of the dialogues of Plato's first period, the Gorgias, in which the Platonic Socrates for the first time pronounces his postulate of a new kind of philosophy, the object of which ought to be the care of the human soul (φυχῆς θεραπεία). He assigns this supreme task to ‘political art’, even though it does not fulfil this function at present.

scholarly journals DISPLAYING THE POLYTEMBRALITY OF THE ORCHESTRA OF UKRAINIAN FOLK INSTRUMENTS WHEN ARRANGED FOR ACCORDION "UKRAINIAN FANTASY" YAROSLAV OLEKSIV

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksiv Halyna Vasylivna
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Chamber Ensemble ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Original Compositions ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Over the past decade, the arsenal of original compositions for the accordion has considerably expanded, but a significant place among the performing repertoire is the genre of translation of works from the repertoire of other instruments, ensembles or orchestras for the accordion. Since the translation of the orchestral repertoire with account of the timbre features of the accordion, has not yet become the subject of musicology research, the task is to elucidation of the main principles of this genre. The combined analysis of translations and executive-methodical recommendations become the basis for a deep understanding of the ideological conception, stylistic features and rethinking of the timbre transformations, and therefore the quality of the performance of the work itself.Translation works for the accordion from the repertoire of the Ukrainian folk instruments orchestra has favorable conditions for many parameters, as demonstrated by Y. Oleksiv "Ukrainian fantasy". The timbre specificity - the existence of a large number of different instrumental groups and voices in the orchestra is successfully transmitted in the accordion translation due to a number of timbre registers of the instrument, the diversity of which allows the most complete transfer of orchestral coloration. The author takes into account the slight difference in the sound of the right and left keyboards of the accordion and demonstrates it in an advantageous applying for translation, creating the effect of a multi-timbre "dialogue". The techniques of playing on the accordion fully reproduce the dynamic gradations of the orchestral sound, as the characteristic feature of such orchestra is a chamber. The author simulates the techniques of sound formation and the specifics of various orchestral instruments. The bandura pinch, the overtones dulcimer "echo", the reed pipe glissando, the violin detache and the articulation variety of instrumental composition of the orchestra composer transmits using a detail palette. Perfect constructive features of the accordion allow you to successfully adapt the multi-layer orchestra texture. In the accordion translations of orchestral compositions, the epic and poetics of folk melodies are transmitted as clearly as possible. This work is aimed at deeper understanding of the content and expressiveness of translated works by the performers. The research can be an impetus for transmissions and their research on the repertoire of the chamber ensemble for the accordion, as well as the translation of pieces for the accordion.

scholarly journals Problematyka prawa do grobu w kontekście dóbr osobistych

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Anna Chodorowska ◽  
Łukasz Szumkowski
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Code ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
Human Individual ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Living Person

The historical feature of the protection of corpses, as well as the development of funerary tendencies, is an integral part of the functioning of our civilization, from the very beginning of time. The approach to death depends on the cultural and denominational circle as well as time. Respect for the living and the dead was in the past a separate division of civilization and thought development. Nowadays, new trends can be observed in the development of the protection of the human individual, as well as his name or reverence. In modern Polish legislation, the open catalog of personal rights (Article 23 of the Civil Code) is a wide field of interpretation in the very problem of the existence of specific goods. Undoubtedly from the provision of art. 23 k.c, it follows that this protection is due to the live unit, and thus only until its death. In modern Polish legislation, the open catalog of personal rights (Article 23 of the Civil Code) is a wide field of interpretation in the very problem of the existence of specific goods. Undoubtedly from the provision of art. 23 k.c, it follows that this protection is due to the live unit, and thus only until its death. At the moment when, according to the law, we cease to deal with a living person, and we start talking about corpses, certain rights are ceded to the closest persons, some are subject to inheritance. The right that people who are closest to someone’s death to cultivate this person according to their own conscience and religion and the contract between the entity authorized to burial and the cemetery management, as well as a number of related circumstances (on the drudge of several areas of law), will be called the right to the grave. The existence of the right to the grave belongs to arguable issues, as the liberty of the subject granting a certain sphere of possibility of proceedings, including its the scope of power. In the article, the Authors also discuss the issues related to the offense described in the art. 261 and 262 of the Polish Criminal Code. The dogmatic analysis carried out with regard to elements of a prohibited act has made it possible to establish, the scope of criminalization of these acts.

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