A considerable share of the Estonian population could benefit from ALMPs

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Estonian Population

scholarly journals Grandparents and great-grandparents in Estonian population

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Ene-Margit Tiit
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Demographic Behaviour ◽  
Estonian Population

The paper estimates the probability of living until the age of a grandparent and a great-grandparent in different cohorts of Estonian population. The objects of comparison are men and women born in 1939, 1959, 1989 and nowadays (2016). It turned out that (assuming the stability of demographic behaviour) people born in 1989 have the highest probability to see the grandchildren and also great-grandchildren. In the case of people born in 21st century, the probability is going down in spite of increasing life expectancy. The reason for this feature is massive postponing of family creation.

scholarly journals Households and families in Estonian population

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-104
Author(s):  
Ene-Margit Tiit
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Household Type ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Estonian Population ◽  
Size And Structure

The statistical distribution of households and families by their size and structure can be received from population and household censuses, but it is also important to know this information between the censuses, as changes during the ten-year period can be quite remarkable. It is demonstrated that, since the last census in Estonia in 2011, the share of older age-groups has increased and the rate of children – decreased. The age at first marriage has increased for men and women respectively by 3 and 4 months per year. Consequently, the share of young people living without a partner has increased, but the process is different in men and women. The number of divorces has dropped, but this seems to be caused by the decline of marriages during the last decades. The age of women giving birth has also increased. During the last years, the number of third children has increased, but the number of first children has decreased. The distribution of households by their types was also studied and is presented in Table 1. It is evident that about one-sixth of the population lives alone; single-person households form the most numerous household type in present-day Estonia. From all households containing a couple, somewhat more than two-thirds are households with a married couple, others are households with a cohabiting couple. In average, the first ones are much older than the second ones. The number of households where two or more generations live together is marginal.

scholarly journals Low Serum IGF-1 in Boys with Recent Onset of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Anna-Carin Lundell ◽  
Malin Erlandsson ◽  
Maria Bokarewa ◽  
Hille Liivamägi ◽  
Karin Uibo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Estonian Population ◽  
Age And Sex

Background. Liver-derived insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) contributes bone formation. Decreased IGF-1 levels are common in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), but whether IGF-1 is related to sex and differ during the pathogenic progress of JIA is unknown. Objective. The aim of this study was to examine IGF-1 levels in boys and girls with newly diagnosed JIA, with established JIA and in controls. Methods. The study group included 131 patients from the Estonian population-based prevalence JIA study. Blood samples were obtained from 27 boys and 38 girls with early JIA (≤1 month from the diagnosis), 29 boys and 36 girls with established JIA (mean disease duration 18 months), and from 47 age- and sex-matched controls. Results. IGF-1 levels in boys were significantly decreased in early JIA compared to male controls, while IGF-1 levels in girls were comparable between JIA and controls. In early JIA, IGF-1 levels were 12-fold lower in boys relative to girls. In controls, IGF-1 levels correlated with both age and height, while these correlations were lost in boys with early JIA. Conclusion. We report a sex-dependent deficiency in serum IGF-1 in boys with early JIA, which argues for sex-related differences in biological mechanisms involved in the disease pathogenesis.

PO03-MO-01 Stroke awareness among Estonian population

2009 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. S166
Author(s):  
J. Kõrv ◽  
R. Vibo ◽  
S. Schneider ◽  
L. Kõrv ◽  
M. Väli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Awareness ◽  
Estonian Population

Changing Life Values of the Estonian Population

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Iu. Kheinla ◽  
N. A. Derman
Keyword(s):  
Life Values ◽  
Estonian Population

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Gene Haplotypes and Male Infertility in Estonian Population and Meta-Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ave Kris Lend ◽  
Anastasia Belousova ◽  
Kadri Haller-Kikkatalo ◽  
Margus Punab ◽  
Olev Poolamets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Estonian Population ◽  
Hormone Receptor Gene ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Cephalanthera longifolia (Neottieae, Orchidaceae) is mixotrophic: a comparative study between green and nonphotosynthetic individuals

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 1462-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Abadie ◽  
Ülle Püttsepp ◽  
Gerhard Gebauer ◽  
Antonella Faccio ◽  
Paola Bonfante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Stable Isotope Composition ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Reaction Amplification ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Estonian Population

We investigated an Estonian population of the orchid Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch. (Neottieae tribe), which harbours green and achlorophyllous individuals (= albinos), to understand albino survival and compare mycorrhizal associates, development, and nutrition of the two phenotypes. Albinos never changed phenotype over 14 years and had development similar to green individuals; their chlorophyll content was reduced by 99.4%, making them heterotrophic. Molecular typing by polymerase chain reaction amplification of fungal intergenic transcribed spacer and microscopic analyses showed that Thelephoraceae (Basidiomycetes, usually forming ectomycorrhizae with trees) were mycorrhizal on both phenotypes. Molecular typing also demonstrated that additional fungi were present on roots, including many endophytes (such as Helotiales) and various ectomycorrhizal taxa, whose role and pattern of colonization remained unclear. Mycorrhizal colonization was increased in albinos by about twofold, but no obvious difference in fungal partners compared with green individuals was demonstrated. Analysis of stable isotope composition (N and C) showed that albinos were dependent on their fungi for carbon (mycoheterotrophy), while green individuals recovered 33% of their carbon from fungi (mixotrophy). Surrounding trees, which formed ectomycorrhizae with at least one Thelephoraceae found in orchids, were likely the ultimate carbon source. These data are discussed in the framework of evolution of mycoheterotrophy in orchids, especially in Neottieae.

scholarly journals Physical-mental health comorbidity: A population-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260464
Author(s):  
Mikk Jürisson ◽  
Heti Pisarev ◽  
Anneli Uusküla ◽  
Katrin Lang ◽  
Marje Oona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Estonian Population ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Mental And Behavioral Disorders

Background Multimorbidity is associated with physical-mental health comorbidity (PMHC). However, the scope of overlap between physical and mental conditions, associated factors, as well as types of mental illness involved are not well described in Eastern Europe. This study aims to assess the PMHC burden in the Estonian population. Methods In this population-based cross-sectional study we obtained health claims data for 55 chronic conditions from the Estonian Health Insurance Fund (EHIF) database, which captures data for all publicly insured individuals (n = 1 240 927 or 94.1% of the total population as of 31 December 2017). We assessed the period-prevalence (3 years) of chronic physical and mental health disorders, as well as associations between them, by age and sex. Results Half of the individuals (49.1% (95% CI 49.0–49.3)) had one or more chronic conditions. Mental health disorders (MHD) were present in 8.1% (8.1–8.2) of individuals, being higher among older age groups, women, and individuals with a higher number of physical conditions. PMHC was present in 6.2% (6.1–6.2) of the study population, and 13.1% (13.0–13.2) of the subjects with any chronic physical disorder also presented with at least one MHD. Dominating MHDs among PMHC patients were anxiety and depression. The prevalence of MHD was positively correlated with the number of physical disorders. We observed variation in the type of MHD as the number of physical comorbidities increased. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and mental and behavioral disorders due to the misuse of alcohol and other psychoactive substances increased as physical comorbidities increased, but the prevalence of schizophrenia and dementia decreased with each additional physical disease. After adjusting for age and sex, this negative association changed the sign to a positive association in the case of dementia and mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance misuse. Conclusions The burden of physical-mental comorbidity in the Estonian population is relatively high. Further research is required to identify clusters of overlapping physical and mental disorders as well as the interactions between these conditions. Public health interventions may include structural changes to health care delivery, such as an increased emphasis on integrated care models that reduce barriers to mental health care.

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