scholarly journals Avaliação Funcional e de Trofismo Muscular Após Compressão Experimental do Isquiático e Tratamento com Mobilização Neural

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Vinícius Baretta ◽  
Oliver Christovão Pedroso ◽  
Daniele Pelissari ◽  
Giovanni Ribeiro Bernardino ◽  
Rose Meire Costa Brancalhão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Nerve Compression ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Musculoskeletal Manipulations ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Gait Dysfunction ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sciatic Functional Index

A compressão do nervo isquiático pode gerar a denominada ciatalgia, caracterizada por dor em membros inferiores, distúrbios sensoriais, disfunção da marcha, paresias, parestesias e deficiência de reflexo. Uma das formas de tratamento é a mobilização neural, contudo, esta técnica apresenta algumas lacunas com relação ao seu uso. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos da mobilização neural – MN sobre a função e trofismo muscular de ratos submetidos à compressão do nervo isquiático. Foram utilizados 30 ratos, separados em: Controle (C); Lesão (L); MN membro pélvico direito (MNPD); MN membro pélvico esquerdo (MNPE); MN no membro escapular direito (MNED). Todos os animais foram submetidos à lesão do nervo isquiático direito, utilizando pinça hemostática, o nervo foi comprimido durante 30 s. O tratamento por MN foi realizado de acordo com o grupo, no 3º, 5º, 7º, 10º, 12º e no 14º pós-operatórios (POs). Foi avaliado o Índice Funcional do Isquiático (IFC), área (μm2) e menor diâmetro (μm) dos tibiais anteriores. Para o IFC não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos, contudo, dentro dos grupos ocorreram diferenças indicando ligeiros e melhores resultados para MNPD. Em relação à área e menor diâmetro C apresentou valores mais elevados e MNPD foi maior do L, MNPE e MNED. Conclui-se que a MN, quando realizada no membro da compressão nervosa, promoveu efeitos benéficos, contudo, sem produzir restauração completa.Palavras-chave: Exercício. Manipulações Musculoesqueléticas. Histologia.AbstractThe sciatic nerve compression can lead to the so-called sciatica, characterized by pain in the lower limbs, sensory disturbance, gait dysfunction, paresis, paresthesia and reflection deficiency. One form of treatment is the neural mobilization; however, this technique has some gaps regarding its use. This study aimed to analyze the neural mobilization (NM) effects on the rats’ functional and muscular tropism with sciatic nerve compression. 30 rats were used, divided into: control (C); Lesion (L); right hind limb NM (RHNM); left hind limb NM (LHNM); scapular right limb NM (SRNM). All animals were subjected to the right sciatic nerve injury using hemostatic forceps, the nerve was compressed for 30 sec. Treatment with NM was performed according to the group, on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th, 12th and 14th post-surgery (PS). Sciatic Functional Index (SFI), area (μm2) and smaller diameter (μm) of the tibialis anterior were evaluated. For SFI significant differences were observed among the groups, however, within the groups there were no differences indicating faster and better results for RHNM. Concerning the area and smaller diameter, C showed higher values and RHNM was higher than L, LHNM and SRNM. It was concluded that the NM when performed on the nerve compression limb, promoted beneficial effects, however, without producing complete restoration.Keywords: Exercise. Musculoskeletal Manipulations. Histology.

scholarly journals Analysis of the muscle tissue of Wistar rats submitted to the sciatic nerve compression model and cryotherapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhenifer Karvat ◽  
Camila Mayumi Martin Kakihata ◽  
Lizyana Vieira ◽  
José Luis da Conceição Silva ◽  
Lucinéia de Fátima Chasko Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Nerve Compression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injury Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects of right sciatic nerve compression and cryotherapy on muscle tissue. Methods: We used 42 male Wistar rats, subdivided in the following Groups Control, Injury 3, Injury 8 and Injury 15 submitted to nerve compression and euthanized in the 3rd, 8th and 15th day after surgery. The Cryotherapy Injury 3 was entailed treatment with cryotherapy by immersion of the animal in recipient for 20 minutes during 1 day, then animals were euthanized at the 3rd day after surgery, and the Cryotherapy Injury 8 and the Cryotherapy Injury 15 was treated for 6 days, and euthanized at the 8th and 15th day after surgery. Functional evaluation was performed by the grasping strength of the right pelvic limb. The right tibialis anterior muscles were evaluated for mass, smaller diameter and cross-sectional area. In the Cryotherapy Injury 8 and the Cryotherapy Injury 15 groups, the hydroxyproline was dosed in the right soles. Results: In the compression there was a significant difference in the Injury Groups compared with the Control Group (p<0.05). In the smaller diameter, the compression in Control Group was higher than Injury 8 (p=0.0094), Injury 15 (p=0.002) and Cryotherapy Injury 15 (p<0.001) groups. The comparison between groups with euthanasia in the same post-operative period, a significant difference (p=0.0363) was seen in day 8th after surgery, and this result in Cryotherapy Injury Group was greater than Injury Group. In the fiber area, Control Group was also higher than the Injury 8 (p=0.0018), the Injury 15 (p<0.001) and the Cryotherapy Injury 15 (p<0.001). In hydroxyproline, no significant difference was seen between groups. Conclusion: Nerve damage resulted in decreased muscle strength and trophism, the cryotherapy delayed hypotrophy, but this effect did not persist after cessation of treatment.

scholarly journals Sciatic Nerve Injection Palsy in a Dog: Electrodiagnostic Testing and Microsurgical Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Mortari ◽  
Juliany Gomes Quitzan ◽  
Claudia Valéria Seullner Brandão ◽  
Sheila Canevese Rahal
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Muscle Action ◽  
Electrophysiologic Testing ◽  
Compound Muscle Action Potentials ◽  
The Right

Background: Iatrogenic damage to the ischiatic nerve is considered uncommon and may cause dysfunction with variable clinical signs dependent on type and severity of injury. Due to important role of this nerve in locomotion and weightbearing limb, a poor prognosis for recovery may be observed in many cases. Electromyography analysis may suggest the neuroanatomic localization, diagnosis information, and severity of lesion to determine better therapeutic intervention. Therefore, the aim of this report is to describe the possible cause, diagnosis and treatment of a postinjection ischiatic nerve injury in a dog with complete recovery.Case: A 3-year-old neutered male dachshund dog was referred to the Veterinary Hospital due to inability to weight support in the right hind limb after diminazene diaceturate intramuscular injection. The gait evaluation showed dropped-hock and knuckling into the digits of the right hind limb and neurologic examination revealed moderate muscle atrophy below tofemorotibial joint of the right hind limb with sensory analgesia (superficial and deep) on the lateral, dorsal, and plantar surfaces, absent patellar reflex, and proprioceptive deficit. Electrophysiologic testing was done under general anesthesia in a 2-channel Nicolet Compass Meridian apparatus. Absence of compound muscle action potentials after right fibular and tibial nerve stimulations, and abnormal spontaneous activity in cranial tibial, gastrocnemius and deep digital extensor muscles were observed. A diagnosis of moderate/severe axonotmesis of sciatic nerve was achieved. Under microscope magnification, all adherent adjacent tissue and epineural sheat were removed. Due this, a small epineural window was created. On neurological examination performed 30 days after surgery, complete recovery of sensitivity of the right hind limb, and normal proprioception were observed. The muscle atrophy was also noted to have improved.Discussion: The ischiatic nerve mechanisms of injury include direct needle trauma, the drug or vehicle used for injection, or secondary constriction by scar, factors that may be associated to damage nerve observed in the present case. During a sciatic nerve injection, the combination of intrafascicular placement of a needle and high-pressure injection may cause severe fascicular damage and persistent neurologic deficits. In the present case, damage to the nerve probably was not caused bythe injection needle, but due to injection agent. Chemical irritation or toxic reaction to the agent may cause different degrees of nerve injury. The electrophysiologic testing is an important tool for determining alteration of function and integrity of the axonal motor unit. In the present report, the electrophysiologic testing showed denervation potentials in the musclesinnervated by the sciatic nerve (positive waves and fibrillation potentials), and the absence of compound muscle action potentials was indicative of severe axonal damage of the right ischiatic nerve. In human patients with postinjection ischiatic nerve injury, early surgical treatment with neurolysis or resection and anastomosis are the procedures recommended. In the present report, external neurolysis and epineural window were used showing excellent functional results. The epineural window was performed due to adherence of tissue and scar surrounding the nerve, permitting neural decompression.Keywords: axonotmesis, neurophysiology, neurolysis, dogs.

scholarly journals Distal Sciatic Nerve Compression by a Popliteal Artery Aneurysm

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Beaudry ◽  
John D. Stewart ◽  
Lee Errett
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Popliteal Artery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Nerve Compression ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Popliteal Artery Aneurysm ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT:A 77-year-old man developed progressive sensory and motor symptoms in the right lower leg. Examination showed neurological deficits in the distribution of the right tibial and common peroneal nerves. Swellings in both popliteal fossae were palpated. Investigation showed these to be large thrombosed aneurysms. On surgical examination on the right, the aneurysm was found to be compressing the distal sciatic nerve.

scholarly journals The effect of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan scaffolds on rat calvarial defects for bone regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanouil Chatzipetros ◽  
Spyros Damaskos ◽  
Konstantinos I. Tosios ◽  
Panos Christopoulos ◽  
Catherine Donta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background This study aims at determining the biological effect of 75/25 w/w nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHAp/CS) scaffolds on bone regeneration, in terms of fraction of bone regeneration (FBR), total number of osteocytes (Ost), and osteocyte cell density (CD), as well as its biodegradability. Methods Two critical-size defects (CSDs) were bilaterally trephined in the parietal bone of 36 adult Sprague-Dawley rats (18 males and 18 females); the left remained empty (group A), while the right CSD was filled with nHAp/CS scaffold (group B). Two female rats died postoperatively. Twelve, 11, and 11 rats were euthanized at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-surgery, respectively. Subsequently, 34 specimens were resected containing both CSDs. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed to determine the FBR, calculated as [the sum of areas of newly formed bone in lateral and central regions of interest (ROIs)]/area of the original defect, as well as the Ost and the CD (Ost/mm2) in each ROI of both groups (A and B). Moreover, biodegradability of the nHAp/CS scaffolds was estimated via the surface area of the biomaterial (BmA) in the 2nd, 4th, and 8th week post-surgery. Results The FBR of group B increased significantly from 2nd to 8th week compared to group A (P = 0.009). Both the mean CD and the mean Ost values of group B increased compared to group A (P = 0.004 and P < 0.05 respectively). Moreover, the mean value of BmA decreased from 2nd to 8th week (P = 0.001). Conclusions Based on histological and histomorphometric results, we support that 75/25 w/w nHAp/CS scaffolds provide an effective space for new bone formation.

scholarly journals A stable method for 4D CT-based CFD simulation in the right ventricle of a TGA patient

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 315-324
Author(s):  
Yuri Vassilevski ◽  
Alexander Danilov ◽  
Alexander Lozovskiy ◽  
Maxim Olshanskii ◽  
Victoria Salamatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Fluid Motion ◽  
4D Ct ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Surgery Patient ◽  
Time Dependent Domain ◽  
Flow Domain ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dependent Domain

AbstractThe paper discusses a stabilization of a finite element method for the equations of fluid motion in a time-dependent domain. After experimental convergence analysis, the method is applied to simulate a blood flow in the right ventricle of a post-surgery patient with the transposition of the great arteries disorder. The flow domain is reconstructed from a sequence of 4D CT images. The corresponding segmentation and triangulation algorithms are also addressed in brief.

scholarly journals Intraocular Lens Dislocation after Cataract Surgery in Tambolaka, Southwest Sumba, Indonesia: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Ratna Sitompul
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Intraocular Lens Dislocation ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Iol Dislocation

Intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation is a rare complication of cataract extraction requiring prompt surgery. This case report aims to raise awareness of such cases and the importance of post-surgery follow-up. A 58-year-old female patient was found with anterior IOL dislocation a week after phacoemulsification surgery in her right eye. Visual acuity of the right eye was 1/60 with ciliary injection and IOL dislocation to the anterior chamber of the right eye. The patient underwent surgery of the right eye and the IOL haptic was found to be broken. In this case report, the factors affecting IOL dislocation are axis length, broken IOL haptic, and patient activity that increased intraocular pressure. Cataract extraction surgery, although common, needs to be conducted carefully, and it is important for ophthalmologists and general practitioners to detect this condition, especially in rural areas where facilities are limited, as IOL dislocation could occur and requires immediate treatment to achieve a better result.

scholarly journals Preemptive analgesic effect of lidocaine in a chronic neuropathic pain model

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1088-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo M. Batista ◽  
Igor M. Batista ◽  
João P. Almeida ◽  
Carlos H. Carvalho ◽  
Samuel B. de Castro-Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thermal Stimulus ◽  
Lidocaine Group ◽  
Local Infiltration ◽  
Neuropathic Pain Model ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right

Preemptive analgesia inhibits the progression of pain caused by surgical lesions. To analyze the effect of lidocaine on postoperative pain relief, we performed compression of the right sciatic nerve in Wistar rats and observed the differences on behavior between the group that received lidocaine and the group that was not treated with the local anesthetics pre-operatively. Group 1 was not operated (control); group 2 underwent the sciatic nerve ligature without lidocaine; group 3, underwent surgery with previous local infiltration of lidocaine. Group 2 showed significantly longer scratching times with a peak on day 14 post-operative (p=0.0005) and reduction in the latency to both noxious (p=0.003) and non-noxious (p=0.004) thermal stimulus. Group 3 presented significantly shorter scratching times (p=0.004) and longer latency times when compared to Group 2. Preemptive use of lidocaine 2% can potentially reduce the postoperative neuropathic pain associated with sciatic nerve compression.

scholarly journals Histopathological analysis of gangliosides use in peripheral nerve regeneration after axonotmesis in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Maria Beder Ribeiro ◽  
Belmiro Cavalcanti do Egito Vasconcelos ◽  
Joaquim Celestino da Silva Neto ◽  
Valdemiro Amaro da Silva Júnior ◽  
Nancy Gurgel Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Right

PURPOSE: To analyze the action of gangliosides in peripheral nerve regeneration in the sciatic nerve of the rat. METHODS: The sample was composed of 96 male Wistar rats. The animals were anaesthetized and, after identification of the anaesthesic plane, an incision was made in the posterior region of the thigh, followed by skin and muscle divulsion. The right sciatic nerve was isolated and compressed for 2 minutes. Continuous suture of the skin was performed. The animals were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (EG), which received subcutaneous injection of gangliosides, and the control group (CG), which received saline solution (0.9%) to mimic the effects of drug administration. RESULTS: No differences were observed between the experimental and control groups evaluated on the eighth day of observation. At 15 and 30 days the EG showed an decrease in Schwann cell activity and an apparent improvement in fibre organization; at 60 days, there was a slight presence of Schwann cells in the endoneural space and the fibres were organized, indicating nerve regeneration. At 15 and 30 days, the level of cell reaction in the CG had diminished, but there were many cells with cytoplasm in activity and in mitosis; at 60 days, hyperplastic Schwann cells and mitotic activity were again observed, as well as nerve regeneration, but to a lesser extent than in the EG. CONCLUSION: The administration of exogenous gangliosides seems to improve nerve regeneration.

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