scholarly journals Dry Matter Accumulation and Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris) under Varied Irrigation and Phosphorus Supply

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 513-520
Author(s):  
Ning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Phosphorus Use Efficiency ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Phosphorus Accumulation ◽  
Irrigation Treatments

The present study investigated the effects of irrigation and phosphorus fertilizer on dry matter accumulation and phosphorus use efficiency in sugar beet for two growing seasons during 2016 and 2017, using H003 cultivar. The experiment was comprised of four treatments including NP0K-rainfed (C1), NPK-rainfed (C2), NP0K-irrigation (C3), and NPK-irrigation (C4) using 105 kg P ha-1 compared with 0 kg P ha-1. The results showed that during the whole growth period of crop, chlorophyll contents was in the order of C4 > C3 > C2 > C1. The sugar contents were higher in irrigation treatments than rain-fed. At harvest, 105 kg P ha-1 under NPK-irrigation treatment had the highest sugar yield up to 11.59 and 10.64 t∙hm-2 in 2016 and 2017 respectively. The percent increase in yield was 20.19–27.07%, 15.79–21.62% and 14.57–14.93% than C1, C2 and C3 treatments, respectively. In C4 treatment, the dry matter accumulation in roots and leaves were 25.36 and 27.48 t∙hm-2, 9.22 and 10.67 t∙hm-2 in 2016 and 2017 respectively, with 0.39% and 5.53, 11.61 and 25.02% higher than in C2 treatment. The phosphorus accumulation in roots of C4 treatment at harvesting was 9.46 and 9.97 t∙hm-2 while phosphorus accumulation in leaves of same treatment was 3.58 and 3.80 t∙hm-2 in 2016 and 2017, respectively. In irrigation treatments, the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer was 16.97 and 17.33% in 2016 and 2017, respectively, with 25.52 and 29.02% higher than corresponding rainfed treatment, indicating that irrigation could significantly improve the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

Nitrogen use efficiency characteristics of commercial potato cultivars

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 589-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
G. Tai ◽  
R. Tarn ◽  
H. de Jong ◽  
P. H. Milburn
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Commercial Potato ◽  
Use Efficiency

One approach for reducing the contribution of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production to nitrate contamination of groundwater is to develop cultivars which utilize N more efficiently. In this study, variation in N use efficiency (NUE; dry matter production per unit crop N supply) characteristics of 20 commercial potato cultivars of North American and European origin were evaluated in 2 yr. Cultivars were grown with or without application of 100 kg N ha-1 as ammonium nitrate banded at planting. The recommended within-row spacing was used for each cultivar and no irrigation was applied. Plant dry matter and N accumulation were determined prior to significant leaf senescence. Crop N supply was estimated as fertilizer N applied plus soil inorganic N measured at planting plus apparent net soil N mineralization. Nitrogen use efficiency decreased curvilinearly with increasing crop N supply. Nitrogen use efficiency was lower for early-maturing cultivars compared to mid-season and late-maturing cultivars. A curvilinear relationship was obtained between plant dry matter accumulation and plant N accumulation using data for all cultivars. Deviations from this relationship were interpreted as variation in N utilization efficiency (NUtE; dry matter accumulation per unit N accumulation). Significant differences in NUtE were measured among cultivars of similar maturity. Nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE; plant N content per unit crop N supply) and soil nitrate concentration measured at plant harvest were uniformly low for all cultivars when crop N supply was limited, but varied among cultivars when N was more abundant. This suggests that potato cultivars vary more in terms of N uptake capacity (plant N accumulation in the presence of an abundant N supply) than in terms of NUpE. Key words: Solanum tuberosum, N mineralization, dry matter accumulation, N accumulation, N utilization efficiency

scholarly journals Effects of irrigation and nitrogen on chlorophyll content, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Ning ◽  
Fu Fengzhen ◽  
Ji Jinfeng ◽  
Wang Peng ◽  
He Shuping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Northeast Of China

Abstract A two-year field experiment was conducted to analyze the growth conditions, physical features, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of sugar-beet under limited irrigation conditions in northeast of China. A cultivar H003 was used as plant materials; six treatments (C1-C6) were included: C1, no nitrogen applied, rain-fed; C2, 120.00 kg nitrogen hm− 2, rain-fed; C3, no nitrogen applied, hole irrigation for seeding; C4, 120.00 kg nitrogen hm− 2, hole irrigation for seeding; C5, no nitrogen applied, hole irrigation for seeding; and C6, 120.00 kg nitrogen hm− 2, hole irrigation for seeding, and irrigation at foliage rapid growth stage. The irrigation supply was only 500 mL/plant once. Results showed C6 showed the highest chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation, yield, etc. and had the best NUE among all the treatments. In conclusion, under the routine fertilization conditions of northeast of China, the cultivation measure of hole irrigation 500 mL/plant for seeding combined with irrigation 500 mL/plant at foliage rapid growth stage greatly improved sugar-beet yield and NUE.

Effects of water stress on dry matter content and partitioning in four grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.)

OENO One ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Gómez-del-Campo ◽  
Pilar Baeza ◽  
C. Ruiz ◽  
José Ramón Lissarrague
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Accumulation Pattern

<p style="text-align: justify;">Three-year-old grapevines of four cultivars (Garnacha tinta (Grenache noir), Tempranillo, Chardonnay and Airén) were grown on 35 L container under full irrigation and restricted irrigation conditions in order to determine the effect of water stress on carbohydrate allocation. Total grapevine dry matter was measured at pruning, fruitset, veraison and harvest. Roots, wood, shoots, leaves and clusters were dried separately. Shoots were the most affected organs by water stress, while wood was the least affected. Vines under water stress partitioned more dry matter to wood and roots to the detriment of fruits and shoots. The period from fruitset to veraison was the most active for dry matter accumulation under conditions of stress, whereas non-water stressed vines accumulated more dry matter from veraison to harvest. Under both irrigation treatments, fruits competed with roots for dry matter partitioning. Irrigation treatment and cultivar determined fruit size. Fruit size determined dry matter partitioning between organs and the dry matter accumulation pattern.</p>

Relationships among soil respiration, soil temperature and dry matter accumulation for wheat-maize intercropping in an arid environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou-bao Liu ◽  
Qiang Chai ◽  
Gao-bao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation

Liu, S. B., Chai, Q. and Huang, G. B. 2013. Relationships among soil respiration, soil temperature and dry matter accumulation for wheat-maize intercropping in an arid environment. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 715–724. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) intercropped with maize (Zea mays L.) offers an opportunity to boost grain production in short-season areas, but little is known about the sustainability of the intercropping system. This study, conducted at an arid irrigation site in 2009 and 2010, determined water consumption and soil respiration (Rs) characteristics and their relationships to soil temperature (Ts) and above-ground dry matter (DM) accumulation for wheat/maize (W/M) intercropping compared with sole wheat and sole maize. The W/M intercropping had a co-growth period of 70-80 d, allowing the two intercropped species to complete their life cycles. Maximum DM rate for the wheat in the W/M system was significantly greater than that for sole wheat (57 vs. 51 g d−1), which occurred at around 72 to 77 d after sowing (DAS), whereas the maximum DM rate for the maize in the W/M system was between 31.6 and 44.9 g m−2 d−1, or 30 to 43% lower than that of sole maize. The ercroppedhe umulation of a thetime to reach maximum DM was 96 DAS in 2009 and 80 DAS in 2010 for sole maize, and the corresponding time for the intercropped maize was delayed by 6 to 10 d. Soil respiration and DM was a curvilinear relationship; with the increase in DM accumulation, Rs increased, reached a peak at the early flowering stage for wheat and at the silking stage for maize, and then declined. Soil respiration increased linearly with increases in soil temperature during the growth period for both sole and intercropping, suggesting that farming practices aimed at reducing soil temperature will be effective in reducing carbon emissions. Evapotranspiration during the co-growth period averaged 44.1 mm for sole wheat and 48.5 mm for the intercropped wheat and 57.0 mm for sole maize and 48.0 mm for the intercropped maize, but soil water status had little or no effect on Rs. Wheat/maize intercropping had greater grain yield with lower soil respiration over the corresponding sole plantings, and it can serve as a sustainable cropping system for arid irrigation areas.

Effect of temperature on seed development in jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider). I. Dry matter changes

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
IF Wardlaw ◽  
RL Dunstone
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Size At Maturity ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Subtropical Species

Growth of the capsule and seed of jojoba were followed from pollination to maturity at eight temperature regimens ranging from 15/10 to 36/31�C (8/16 h; photoperiod 16 h). There was an initial lag before the onset of rapid (linear) seed development, during which the capsule expanded, and this lag varied from 106 days at 15/10�C to 7 days at 36/31�C. The wax concentration in the seed was low during the initial stages of development, but reached a maximum when the seeds were 70-75% of their final dry weight. The maximum rate of dry matter accumulation in the seed increased with temperature up to 33/28�C but, because of the longer growth period at low temperature, seed size at maturity was greatest at 18/13�C. The current work suggests that prolonged periods with temperatures above 36/31�C, or below 15/10�C would be harmful to the development of jojoba seed. The high optimum temperature for growth rate of the seed (33/28�C) and sensitivity to a temperature of 15/10�C, puts jojoba into the same group as many subtropical species. However, the lower optimum temperature for seed weight at maturity (18/13�C) is close to that observed for the temperate cereals.

scholarly journals Effects of irrigation and nitrogen on chlorophyll content, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Fengzhen Fu ◽  
Hongrong Wang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Shuping He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Northeast Of China

AbstractA 2-year field experiment was conducted to analyze the growth conditions, physical features, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of sugar-beet under limited irrigation conditions in northeast of China. A cultivar H003 was used as plant materials; six treatments (C1–C6) were included: C1, no nitrogen applied, rain-fed; C2, nitrogen (120.00 kg ha−1), rain-fed; C3, no nitrogen applied, hole irrigation for seeding; C4, nitrogen (120.00 kg ha−1), hole irrigation for seeding; C5, no nitrogen applied, hole irrigation for seeding; and C6, nitrogen (120.00 kg ha−1), hole irrigation for seeding, and irrigation at foliage rapid growth stage. The irrigation supply was only 500 mL/plant once. Results showed C6 showed the highest chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation, yield, etc. and had the best NUE among all the treatments. In conclusion, under the routine fertilization conditions of northeast of China, the cultivation measure of hole irrigation 500 mL/plant for seeding combined with irrigation 500 mL/plant at foliage rapid growth stage greatly improved sugar-beet yield and NUE.

scholarly journals Dynamics of sugar beet root, crown and leaves mass with regard to plant densities and spring nitrogen fertilization

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Ivana Varga ◽  
Zdenko Lončarić ◽  
Milan Pospišil ◽  
Mirta Rastija ◽  
Manda Antunović
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sugar Beet Root

This study analyzes the dynamics of sugar beet root, crown, and leaves fresh and dry matter (FM and DM, respectively) accumulation per plant and their mass ratio at different plant densities and nitrogen fertilization. The biennial field trials were set as four different planting densities (60,000, 80,000, 100,000 and 140,000 plants ha-1) and three methods of nitrogen application in spring: control – without nitrogen fertilization (N0), presowing only (N1), and presowing with topdressing (N2). Close to the maturation, the mean DM of the whole root, crown, and leaves on September 20, 2014 amounted to 28.8, 7.3 and 4.0 t ha-1, respectively, whereas it amounted to 20.7, 4.1 and 2.3 t ha-1 in 2015, respectively. Moreover, with regard to the plant densities, the highest root DM was at 140,000 and 100,000 (31.6 t ha-1 in 2014 and 22.4 t ha-1 in 2015), compared to the wider plant densities of 80,000 and 60,000 plants ha-1 (22.4 t ha-1 in 2014 and 18.1 t ha-1 in 2015). Nitrogen fertilization positively influenced on dry matter accumulation, but it was different within the years. On September 20, 2014, a presowing fertilization (N1) increased the root DM by 17%, compared to the control, whereas in 2015 the presowing with topdressing (N2) increased the root DM by 30%. The root-to-leaves FM ratio amounted to 1:3.9 on May 30, 2014, whereas it amounted to 1:0.1 on September 20, 2014. The leaves FM was at its largest on June 20, 2015, when the root-to-leaves ratio amounted to 1:1.1, and gradually decreased to 1:0.1 on September 20, 2015.

scholarly journals Responses of Soybean Dry Matter Production, Phosphorus Accumulation, and Seed Yield to Sowing Time under Relay Intercropping with Maize

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoaib Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Raza ◽  
Tao Zhou ◽  
Sajad Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Phosphorus Accumulation ◽  
Relay Intercropping

Soybean production under maize–soybean relay-intercropping system (MSICS) is vulnerable to shading. A study was initiated to investigate the effects of three sowing-times: ST1, 90; ST2, 70; and ST3, 50 days of co-growth period and two phosphorus-rates: P0, 0; and P60, 60 kg P ha−1 on soybean under MSICS. Results revealed that ST3 significantly increased the photosynthetically active radiations, leaf area index, and photosynthetic rate by 72% and 58%, and 61% and 38%, and 6% and 8%, respectively, at full-flowering and full-pod stage of soybean than ST1. Treatment ST3, increased the total dry-matter (TDM) and the highest TDM was reached at full-seed (R6) stage. Similarly, ST3 considerably increased the dry-matter partitioning to pods and seeds, relative to ST1, soybean under ST3 at R6 had 35% and 30% higher pod and seed dry-matter, respectively. Moreover, ST3 exhibited the maximum seed-yield (mean 1829.5 kg ha−1) for both years of this study. Soybean under ST3 with P60 accumulated 38% higher P, and increased the P content in pods and seeds by 36% and 33%, respectively at R6 than ST1. These results imply that by selecting the appropriate sowing-time and phosphorus-rate for soybean, we can increase the TDM and seed-yield of soybean under MSICS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document