scholarly journals Pembuatan Sabun Aroma Teraphi untuk Masyarakat Pedesaan

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Aman Santoso ◽  
Ida Bagus Suryadarma ◽  
Sumari Sumari ◽  
Dedek Sukarianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
Village Community ◽  
Cooking Oil

Kelompok tani wilayah ponggok berpotensi sebagai penghasil  produk agro seperti buah-buahan dan juga minyak atsiri seperti bunga kenanga, nilam, sereh dan  cengkeh. Minyak atsiri dapat diisolasi dengan cara destilasi  air, dan destilasi air-uap. Masyarakat banyak menghasilkan limbah minyak goreng. Limbah minya tidak baik untuk kesehatan dn juga mencemari lingkungan. Hasil potensi desa bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai unggulan masyarakat desa. Dengan reaksi saponifikasi minyak dapat diubah menjadi sabun. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat sangat antusias dan bisa membuat sabun cair dengan bahan baku minyak goreng, dikatalis  basa, sedikit texafone, serta gloserin serta sedikti aroma minyak aisiri.  Kata kunci—minyak atsiri, sabun, minyak sawit, masyarakat desa. Abstract Ponggok area farmers groups have the potential to produce agro products such as fruits and essential oils such as cananga, patchouli, lemongrass and clove. Essential oils can be isolated by water distillation, and water-steam distillation. Many people produce cooking oil waste. Oil waste is not good for health and also pollutes the environment. Village results can be used as a superior village community. With the saponification reaction the oil can be turned into soap. The findings of these activity showed that the community is very enthusiastic and can make liquid soap with raw materials for cooking oil, alkaline catalysts, a little texafone, as well as gloserin and a little aroma of essential oils. Keywords—essential oil, soap, palm oil, rural communities

scholarly journals Perbandingan Komponen Aktif Minyak Atsiri dari Daging Buah Pala Kering Cabinet Dryer Melalui Metode Distilasi Air dan Air-Uap

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Sophia G Sipahelut
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Fruit Flesh ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Mass Spectometry

The demand for essential oils has increased recently due to the growing of parfume, cosmetic, pharacentical, food and beverage, natural flavourings, medicines, aroma therapy, as well as non-food industries. Nutmeg fruit flesh is one of the potential sources of essential oils which can be obtained by both water distilation and water-steam distillation. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry (GC-MS) is a dynamic analytical method to separate and to detect volatile compounds in a mixture. This study was aimed to compare active components of essential oils from cabinet dryer-dried nutmeg fruit flesh by water distillation and water-steam distillation. Results showed that 28 compounds were detected in essential oils of nutmeg flesh by water distillation, while 31 were identified in oil by water-steam distillation. Compounds identified with higher intensity in oil by water distillation were α-pinene (15.8%), β-pinene (12.0%), limonene (7.5%), δ-terpinene (8.7%), terpinene-4 -ol (14.4%), α-terpineol (4.9%), and myristicin (15.6%). The similar compounds were also detected in oil by water-steam distillation but in different quantities such as 13,3%, 8,8%, 7,2%, 8,7%, 15,6%, 7,7%, 13,5%, respectively. Keywords: distillation method, essential oil component, GC-MS, nutmeg fruit flesh   ABSTRAK Perkembangan industri parfum, kosmetik, farmasi, makanan dan minuman, penyedap alami, obat-obatan, aroma terapi, maupun industri bukan makanan semakin tahun semakin meningkat yang berakibat meningkatnya kebutuhan minyak atsiri. Daging buah pala menjadi salah satu potensi sumber minyak atsiri yang dapat diperoleh melalui metode distilasi (distilasi air dan distilasi air-uap). Kromatografi Gas Spectrometer Massa (GC-MS) merupakan metode yang dinamis untuk pemisahan dan deteksi senyawa-senyawa yang mudah menguap dalam suatu campuran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan komponen senyawa aktif minyak atsiri dari daging buah pala kering cabinet dryer yang diperoleh dari distilasi air dan distilasi air-uap menggunakan GC-MS. Hasil analisis GC-MS minyak atsiri daging buah pala yang diperoleh melalui distilasi air terdapat 28 senyawa, sedangkan dengan distilasi air-uap diperoleh 31 senyawa. Intensitas tertinggi pada metode distilasi air teridentifikasi sebagai senyawa α-pinene (15,8%), β-pinene (12,0%), limonene (7,5%), δ-terpinene (8,7%), Terpinene-4-ol (14,4%), α-terpineol (4,9%), dan myristicin (15,6%), sedangkan intensitas tertinggi pada metode distilasi air-uap teridentifikasi sebagai senyawa α-pinene (13,3%), β-pinene (8,8%), Limonene (7,2%), δ-terpinene (8,7%), terpinene-4-ol (15,6%), α-terpineol (7,7%), dan myristicin (13,5%). Kata kunci: daging buah pala, GC-MS, komponen minyak atsiri, metode distilasi

scholarly journals Teknologi Ekstraksi Bunga Kenanga (Cananga Odorata L.) dan Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon Nardus L. ) Sebagai Aroma Terapi Sabun Cair

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Malse Anggia ◽  
Sri Mutiar ◽  
Dewi Arziah
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Soap Product ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Distillation Equipment ◽  
Cananga Odorata

Essential oils are used as raw materials in various industries. Plants containing essential oils are flower kenanga and citronella fragrance. This study aims to create prototype of essential oil distillation equipment. Essential oils obtained from the prototype, then tested as an aroma therapy in liquid soap. The result of oil refining has been done several experiments by using citronella fragrance and kenanga flower. Device productivity goes well. This is indicated by the oil obtained from lemongrass and kenanga oil in the process of distillation. The resulting volatile oil is applied to the manufacture of liquid soap. Yield oil yields were 0.22%. and the fragrant lemongrass obtained is 0.12%. Based on the organoletic test on the resulting soap product, the average of the color is 3.7 (likes), the viscosity is 3.55 (likes), the aroma is 3.05 (regular) and the 3.55 foam (likes) on the kenanga aroma soy while the average color is 4.05 (like) viscosity 3.1 (regular), aroma 3.05 (regular) and foam 3.45 (likes) on liquid soap the aroma of citronella perfume. Keywords : Essential oil; Extraction; Lemongrass;  Soap

scholarly journals PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN SABUN BERBAHAN BAKU JELANTAH BAGI IBU PKK DI NAGORI DOLOK MARAJA KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN

Sarwahita ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Rudi Salman ◽  
Herlinawati ◽  
Irfandi ◽  
Dewi Endriani
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Education Study ◽  
And Training

Abstract Scientifically soap is a mixture of sodium or potassium salts from fatty acids which can be derived from oil or fat which is reacted with lye (sodium or potassium hydroxide) through a saponification process. One of the raw materials for making soap is fat found in cooking oil waste (used for cooking). Dolok Maraja village has great potential in this soap-making business with the number of heads of families (KK) reaching 1449. Each month it produces  1 kg of cooking per family. So in 1 month about 1449 kg of used cooking is produced. The aim of the training on making used used soap is to develop the potential of the women of the Dolok Maraja Village PKK in creating soap products made from used cooking raw materials, which are household needs. The presenters and instructors from the Physics and Chemistry Education Study Program lecturers came to Dolok Maraja Village, then provided information and training to PKK women about making soap made from used cooking ingredients. Based on the results of the average score scores from the evaluation and mentoring carried out by the PKM Unimed team, the process of making solid soap which was followed by 10 participants was able to master immaterial in the Very Good category. For the manufacture of liquid soap with 16 participants in the Good category. Meanwhile, making dab soap is included in the category of not mastering because the process is quite long.   Abstrak Secara ilmiah sabun merupakan campuran garam natrium atau kalium dari asam lemak yang dapat diturunkan dari minyak atau lemak yang direaksikan dengan alkali (natrium atau kalium hidroksida) melalui suatu proses saponifikasi. Salah satu bahan baku pembuat sabun adalah lemak yang terdapat pada limbah minyak goreng (jelantah). Desa Dolok Maraja sangat berpotensi dalam usaha pembuatan sabun ini dengan jumlah Kepala Keluarga (KK) mencapai 1449. Setiap bulannya menghasilkan jelantah  1 Kg/keluarga. Maka dalam 1 bulannya dihasilkan sekitar 1449 kg jelantah. Tujuan  pelatihan pembuatan sabun berbahan baku jelantah ini adalah untuk mengembangkan potensi ibu-ibu PKK Desa Dolok Maraja dalam menciptakan produk sabun berbahan baku jelantah yang merupakan kebutuhan dalam rumah tangga. Pemateri beserta instruktur dari dosen Prodi Pendidikan Fisika dan Kimia datang ke Desa Dolok Maraja, kemudian memberikan informasi dan pelatihan kepada ibu-ibu PKK tentang pembuatan sabun berbahan baku jelantah. Berdasarkan hasil rata-rata skor nilai dari evaluasi dan pendampingan yang dilakukan oleh tim PKM Unimed, proses pembuatan sabun padat yang diikuti 10 pesert, mampu menguasa imateri dengan kategori Sangat Baik. Untuk pembuatan sabun cair dengan 16 peserta berkategori Baik. Sedangkan untuk pembuatan sabun colek termasuk dalam kategori kurang menguasai karena prosesnya cukup panjang.

scholarly journals KINETICS AND MODELING OF OIL EXTRACTION FROM VIETNAM LEMONGRASS BY STEAM DISTILLATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5A) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Nguyen Dang Binh Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Kinetics Parameters ◽  
Process Rate Constant

Essential oils from parts of plants such as stump, flower, kernel, and seed are usually produced by extraction, distillation and mechanical press. In practice, steam distillation is commonly used for the extraction of crude essential oils since it is not only a simple process but also applicable at various scales. Furthermore, the method makes it possible for a keeping of precious components of the oils unchanged. Therefore, studies on kinetics and modeling of the essential oil steam distillation are needed for the optimization of the operating conditions, energy requirement, and the process scale-up.In this work, experiments of lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) steam distillation were carried out and a kinetics model was developed for the extraction of lemongrass essential oil. Raw materials were pretreated by natural drying, primarily crushing and chopping prior to the distillation. The oil yield obtained is in the range of 2.1 – 2.9 ml/kg of raw materials. Composition of the crude oil extracted was measured by GC-MS. Measurements showing that the oil product contains 70.5 % of precious component–Citral in which Neral is 29.8 % and Geranial 40.7 %. The kinetics parameters were estimated from experimental data conducted at various operating conditions for different preparation of the raw materials. The process rate constant (extraction rate constant) describing the extraction efficiency obtained from this study is varied from 0.02 to 0.027 min-1 using first-order kinetic model.

STUDY OF KINETIC REGULARITIES OF DRYING OF CORIANDER DEPRIVED OF ESSENTIAL OILS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.К. МУСТАФАЕВ ◽  
С.Е. СМЫЧАГИНА ◽  
В.Н. МАМИН ◽  
Т.В. ПЕЛИПЕНКО ◽  
Е.О. СМЫЧАГИН ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Critical Moisture Content ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Critical Moisture ◽  
Analysis Of Performance

Проведены исследования кинетических закономерностей сушки измельченного и обезэфиренного водяным паром сырья кориандра. Рассмотрены существующие технологии сушки растительного сырья и обосновано, что для обезэфиренного сырья кориандра наиболее целесообразной является кондуктивная сушка. Показано, что кондуктивная сушка обезэфиренного кориандра на малотоннажных предприятиях может осуществляться в жаровнях, применяемых при производстве растительных масел. Определены исходные массы образцов обезэфиренного кориандра и массовых долей влаги и летучих веществ в них, проведена сушка образцов в сушильном шкафу при температурах 100°С и 115°С, при этом каждые 10 мин производили взвешивание и рассчитывали убыль массы образцов. По результатам исследований построены кривые сушки u = f(τ) и кривые скорости сушки N = f(u) обезэфиренного кориандра. Выявлено, что для исследуемого диапазона температур сушки критическое влагосодержание обезэфиренного кориандра одинаково и равно 43%. По полученным данным определены интенсивность и скорость испарения влаги в 1-м и 2-м периодах сушки. Результаты проведенных исследований могут быть использованы при анализе работы и расчетах оборудования для реализации процесса сушки обезэфиренного кориандра в производстве. Kinetic regularities of drying of coriander grinded and deprived of essential oils by steam distillation have been investigated. Existing technologies of drying for plant materials have been considered. It has been proved on reasonable grounds that conductive drying is more expedient for raw materials based on coriander deprived of essential oils. It has been shown that in small scale enterprises conductive drying of coriander deprived of essential oils can be carried out in heaters used for production of vegetable oils. Initial masses of samples of coriander deprived of essential oils were determined including mass fractions of moisture and the content of volatile substances in them. Samples were dried in a cupboard drier at the temperature 100°C and 115°C, weighed every 10 minutes and their mass loss was evaluated. Using the obtained data, curves of drying u = f(τ) and curves of drying speed N = f(u) of coriander deprived of essential oils were drawn. It has been found out that for the examined range of temperatures the critical moisture content for coriander deprived of essential oils is the same and equal to 43%. According to the obtained data, the intensity and the speed of water evaporation at the first and the second stages of drying have been determined. The results of the carried out research can be used in the analysis of performance and estimation of equipment to put the process of drying of coriander deprived of essential oils into operation.

scholarly journals Variability in chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Rosa × damascena Herrm. from mountainous regions of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansureh Ghavam ◽  
Afsaneh Afzali ◽  
Maria Manconi ◽  
Gianluigi Bacchetta ◽  
Maria Letizia Manca
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Aspergillus Brasiliensis ◽  
Suitable Area

Abstract Background Essential oil of Rosa × damascena Herrm. is one of the most valuable and important raw materials for the flavor and fragrance industry. The cultivation of this plant has ancient origins, and Kashan was one of the first mountainous regions of Iran dealing with the cultivation of R. × damascena. In this study, both chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of different rose essential oils obtained from five mountainous areas of Kashan region (Maragh, Qamsar, Sadeh, Javinan, and Kamoo) has been investigated along with the influence of the environmental conditions on these properties. Results Results showed that yield and chemical composition of essential oils obtained from Rosa × damascena were significantly affected by the collection area. In particular, the yield of oils varied from ~0.08 to ~0.132% and citronellol (36.70-9.18%), geraniol (12.82-0.47%), nonadecane (22.73-10.36%), heneicosane (31.7-11.43%), and 1-nonadecene (6.03-3.93%) have been detected as main compounds in all the plants collected, but at different concentrations depending on the collection area. The best fragrance and the highest yield were found in the oil from Kamoo area. Similarly to the chemical composition, the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was affected by their origin, and essential oil obtained from plants collected from Kamoo area disclosed the highest antibacterial and antifungal efficacy. Its inhibition halos were 17.33±0.58 mm against Aspergillus brasiliensis, 15.67±0.58 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, and 12.33±0. 58 mm against Streptococcus pyogenes. Essential oils of R. damascena were also effective against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and they had a MIC value of 62.50 μg/mL irrespective of the collection area (except the oil from Javinan area). On the contrary, the highest antifungal power against Candida albicans yeast was reached using the essential oil obtained from plants collected in Javinan region (MIC and MBC ~62.50 μg/mL). Conclusions Overall results underline the influence of environmental conditions of the different areas of Kashan region, on the chemical composition of and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Rosa × damascena. In addition, results disclosed that Kamoo seemed to be the most suitable area for the competitive cultivation of R. × damascena to the intensive production of aromatic flower oil and natural antimicrobial essential oils.

scholarly journals Rose Flowers—A Delicate Perfume or a Natural Healer?

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Milka Mileva ◽  
Yana Ilieva ◽  
Gabriele Jovtchev ◽  
Svetla Gateva ◽  
Maya Margaritova Zaharieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Oil Sand ◽  
Rosa Gallica ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Plants from the Rosacea family are rich in natural molecules with beneficial biological properties, and they are widely appreciated and used in the food industry, perfumery, and cosmetics. In this review, we are considering Rosa damascena Mill., Rosa alba L., Rosa centifolia L., and Rosa gallica L. as raw materials important for producing commercial products, analyzing and comparing the main biological activities of their essential oils, hydrolates, and extracts. A literature search was performed to find materials describing (i) botanical characteristics; (ii) the phytochemical profile; and (iii) biological properties of the essential oil sand extracts of these so called “old roses” that are cultivated in Bulgaria, Turkey, India, and the Middle East. The information used is from databases PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Roses have beneficial healing properties due to their richness of beneficial components, the secondary metabolites as flavonoids (e.g., flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins), fragrant components (essential oils, e.g., monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes), and hydrolysable and condensed tannins. Rose essential oils and extracts with their therapeutic properties—as respiratory antiseptics, anti-inflammatories, mucolytics, expectorants, decongestants, and antioxidants—are able to act as symptomatic prophylactics and drugs, and in this way alleviate dramatic sufferings during severe diseases.

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