scholarly journals Blockchain as a Type of Distributed Ledger Technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koteswara Rao Ballamudi
Keyword(s):  
Data Privacy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
State Level ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Consensus Algorithms ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Wide Range

Distributed ledger technology (DLT) that stores data (usually immutable and sequenced transaction records) in a decentralized way through cryptography and consensus algorithms. The first widely recognized implementation of the blockchain took place in 2009 on the Bitcoin public blockchain. Since then, other types of blockchain have been developed for a wide range of applications and features built on common principles such as decentralization, encryption, consensus, and immutability. In particular, blockchain technology is most widely used in transaction settlement and digital currency banks and the financial sector, as well as in supply chain applications that help participants solve problems quickly and efficiently. Other use cases continue to be developed. As a form of information management, blockchain and related DLTs offer advantages over traditional databases and may help develop certain new technologies such as the Internet of Things. Blockchain regulation is currently restricted at the international and federal levels, but state-level legislation provides support and awareness of aspects of blockchain technology. Most of the current regulations are in the form of self-regulation by blockchain developers and related communities, but many challenges and risks such as data privacy and security need to be addressed in the near future.

scholarly journals RBI Distributed Ledger Technology and Blockchain - A Future of Decentralized India

2020 ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Bhuvana R. ◽  
P. S. Aithal
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Central Banking ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Monetary Economy

Despite various countries getting hands-on technology such as blockchain for banking, transaction, and multiple benefits, a developing country such as India must use these technologies because of the advantages it provides in order to keep pace. In the age of digital currencies and new emerging technologies, central banking is a fast-growing topic in the monetary economy. Cryptocurrencies, blockchain, and distributed Ledger technologies appear to be feasible rivals to Fiat Currency central bank. Blockchain technology's influence behind Cryptocurrencies. Cryptocurrencies have the ability to boost payments and operations by central banks and serve as a forum from which central banks could Perhaps launch their own digital currencies. RBI Indian central bank is no less important when it comes to technology that would pave the way for the new economy, enriched with technology-centric growth momentum, by increasing support from India's reserve bank and the Indian government for innovation and integrating technologies through regulatory sandboxes and various other systems. This article illustrates distributed ledger technology in the Indian context. The secondary data were obtained from various scholarly journals and websites. We have analysed distributed ledger technology, India’s move towards learning new technologies, different central banks distributed ledger project and examined blockchain technology in the Indian market using the SWOC framework as a research case study.

Use of blockchain in designing smart city

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surbhi Dewan ◽  
Latika Singh
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Wide Range

PurposeA blockchain is a shared distributed ledger technology that stores the information of every transaction in the network. The blockchain has emerged with a huge diversity of applications not only in the economic but in the non-economical domain as well. Blockchain technology promises to provide a wide range of solutions to the problems faced during implementation of smart cities. It has the potential to build smart contracts more secure, thus eliminating the need for centralized authority.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a proof-of-concept for a use case that uses an Ethereum platform to build a blockchain network to buy, sell or rent a property.FindingsThe findings of this study provide an opportunity to create novel decentralized scalable solutions to develop smart cities by enabling paperless transactions. There are enormous opportunities in this distributed ledger technology which will bring a revolutionary change in upcoming years.Originality/valueThe concept of blockchain along with smart contracts can be used as a promising technology for sharing services which is a common requirement in smart cities. All the blockchain transactions are stored in decentralized shared database. The transaction recorded in decentralized system is immutable, it cannot be altered and hence chance of forgery is negligible.

scholarly journals Blockchain and the Law

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Szostek
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
It Managers

This book analyses the new blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) in term of its impact on law, contracts and the digital economy. It discusses global legislation in the blockchain and its implications. The analysis of contracts includes the Bitcoin system and the Bitcoin Blockchain. The book is written in an international and European perspective. It is characterised by a practical approach and addressed to lawyers who want to deepen their knowledge about legal aspects of new technologies such as the blockchain and other modern IT tools, but also to entrepreneurs, IT specialists, developers and IT managers in the implementation of DLT and block technologies The book covers the following topicsChapter I Blockchains and DLT in the digital economy Chapter II Blockchains, DLT – basic terms Chapter III Blockchains in finance Chapter IV Durable media with blockchain technology Chapter V "Smart Contracts" Chapter VI The future of blockchain solutions in legal regulations (an initiated discussion). Prof. UO dr hab. Dariusz Szostek is Director of the Centre for Legal Problems of Technic and New Technologies at the Faculty of Law University of Opole.

Keynote

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Ingo Weber
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Application Developers

Blockchain is a novel distributed ledger technology. Through its features and smart contract capabilities, a wide range of application areas opened up for blockchain-based innovation [5]. In order to analyse how concrete blockchain systems as well as blockchain applications are used, data must be extracted from these systems. Due to various complexities inherent in blockchain, the question how to interpret such data is non-trivial. Such interpretation should often be shared among parties, e.g., if they collaborate via a blockchain. To this end, we devised an approach codify the interpretation of blockchain data, to extract data from blockchains accordingly, and to output it in suitable formats [1, 2]. This work will be the main topic of the keynote. In addition, application developers and users of blockchain applications may want to estimate the cost of using or operating a blockchain application. In the keynote, I will also discuss our cost estimation method [3, 4]. This method was designed for the Ethereum blockchain platform, where cost also relates to transaction complexity, and therefore also to system throughput.

scholarly journals Digital and Blockchain-based Legal Regimes: An Eea Case Study Based on Innovative Legislations – Comparison of French and Liechtenstein Domestic Regulations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Bianca Linis ◽  
Sébastien Praicheux
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extensive Range ◽  
Global Financial System

The financial crisis of 2007/08 had shattered the global financial system and led – besides a flood of regulations – to a wide range of new concepts and business models. One of these new concepts was “Bitcoin”, a private digital monetary system, which is characterized by decentralization, transparency and immutability. To date the underlying Blockchain or Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) has evolved and offers an extensive range of possibilities, particularly in the financial industry. So far, an EU-wide legal basis for Blockchain or DLT applications and services is missing. France and the Principality of Liechtenstein took a step forward and adopted national laws trying to offer legal certainty in this field. This article aims to provide a comparison of the two acts and underline the similarities and differences.

Blockchain Technology as a Bridging Infrastructure Among Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Learning Processes

2021 ◽  
pp. 959-970
Author(s):  
Aras Bozkurt ◽  
Hasan Ucar
Keyword(s):  
Informal Learning ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Educational Experiences ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Web 3.0 ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
Formal And Informal Learning

Blockchain is an online decentralized and distributed ledger technology that has the ability to keep and track records in a safe, verifiable, and transparent manner. More significantly, it has an infrastructure that is compatible with Web 3.0, which offers great potential for lifelong learning. This chapter explains the different modalities of learning (formal, non-formal, informal), blockchain technology, and its current use in educational processes. Based on the findings, the authors suggest that blockchain technology can be used to connect and interlink different educational experiences that occur in different educational modalities, enabling us to evaluate educational processes holistically and thus promote lifelong learning through the use of cutting-edge technologies.

Study and Survey on Blockchain Privacy and Security Issues

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-191
Author(s):  
Sourav Banerjee ◽  
Debashis Das ◽  
Manju Biswas ◽  
Utpal Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Unauthorized Access ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Targeted Attacks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Financial Transactions

Blockchain-based technology is becoming increasingly popular and is now used to solve a wide range of tasks. And it's not all about cryptocurrencies. Even though it's based on secure technology, a blockchain needs protection as well. The risks of exploits, targeted attacks, or unauthorized access can be mitigated by the instant incident response and system recovery. Blockchain technology relies on a ledger to keep track of all financial transactions. Ordinarily, this kind of master ledger would be a glaring point of vulnerability. Another tenet of security is the chain itself. Configuration flaws, as well as insecure data storage and transfers, may cause leaks of sensitive information. This is even more dangerous when there are centralized components within the platform. In this chapter, the authors will demonstrate where the disadvantages of security and privacy in blockchain are currently and discuss how blockchain technology can improve these disadvantages and outlines the requirements for future solution.

scholarly journals Prospective applications of new technologies and artificial intelligence for systematizing the results of intellectual activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 03018
Author(s):  
L Novoselova ◽  
E Grin
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Legal Structures ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Ministry Of Higher Education

The article addresses the prospects of using distributed ledger technologies – blockchain and artificial intelligence – for the purpose of systematizing the rights to the results of intellectual activity for their subsequent commercialization. The authors describe the key characteristics of the distributed ledger technology and review various legal problems pertaining to the use of blockchain technologies. The authors draw conclusions regarding the prospects of using blockchain and artificial intelligence technologies as measures for rapid prevention and elimination of intellectual rights violations. They also express their views on the process of commercializing intellectual property and reducing the number of conflicts related to the inclusion of intellectual property objects into distributed ledger systems. The article was prepared with the financial support of the Ministry of Higher Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the framework of the research “Scientific and methodological support for the development of theoretical and applied legal structures (models) of accounting and disposal of rights to the results of intellectual activity (technology transfer)

scholarly journals Privacy and Security in Data-Driven Urban Mobility

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Akerkar
Keyword(s):  
Privacy Protection ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Beneficial Uses ◽  
Smart Mobility ◽  
Data Privacy Protection

A wide range of smart mobility technologies are being deployed within urban environment. These technologies generate huge quantities of data, much of them in real-time and at a highly granular scale. Such data about mobility, transport, and citizens can be put to many beneficial uses and, if shared, for uses beyond the system and purposes for which they were generated. Jointly, these data create the evidence base to run mobility services more efficiently, effectively, and sustainably. However, generating, processing, analyzing, sharing, and storing vast amounts of actionable data also raises several concerns and challenges. For example, data privacy, data protection, and data security issues arise from the creation of smart mobility. This chapter highlights the various privacy and security concerns and harms related to the deployment and use of smart mobility technologies and initiatives, and makes suggestions for addressing apprehensions about and harms arising from data privacy, protection, and security issues.

scholarly journals Możliwości zastosowania sztucznej inteligencji i blockchain… w działalności archiwalnej. Przegląd doświadczeń zagranicznych

Archeion ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stępień
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Digital Form ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Electronic Documents ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Archival Work ◽  
Selection Of

W artykule przedstawiono możliwości zastosowania technologii sztucznej inteligencji oraz blockchain w działalności archiwalnej. Przedmiotem analizy były wyniki projektów badawczych realizowanych w ostatnich latach z udziałem zagranicznych archiwów. Tekst artykułu powstał w oparciu o przegląd anglojęzycznej literatury przedmiotu. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na informacje zawarte w raportach i sprawozdaniach z badań poświęconych problematyce wykorzystania nowych technologii na gruncie archiwalnym. Przedstawione w artykule przykłady dowodzą, że sztuczna inteligencja i blockchain znajdują zastosowanie w różnych obszarach działalności współczesnych archiwów. Technologie na nich oparte mają potencjał, aby zautomatyzować procesy wartościowania i selekcji dokumentacji elektronicznej oraz wspierać identyfikację danych wrażliwych zawartych w e-dokumentach. Innym polem ich zastosowania są systemy wyszukiwania i udostępniania materiałów archiwalnych w postaci cyfrowej, jak też platformy do rozpoznawania tekstu i struktury dokumentów historycznych. Blockchain, czyli technologia rozproszonego rejestru i łańcuchów blokowych, pozwala zachować integralność i autentyczność obiektów cyfrowego dziedzictwa archiwalnego. Possibilities of using artificial intelligence and blockchain in archival activities. Review of international experiences The article presents the possibilities of using artificial intelligence and blockchain technology in archival activity. The analysis covers results of research projects carried out in recent years with participation of foreign archives. The text of the article is based on a review of literature available in English. Particular attention was given to information contained in research reports devoted to application of new technologies in archival work. The examples presented in the article prove that artificial intelligence and blockchain are used in various areas of activity of modern archives. Technologies based on them have the potential to automate the processes of evaluation and selection of electronic documents and to support identification of sensitive data contained in e-documents. Another possible field of application for such technologies are the systems for searching and accessing archival materials in digital form, as well as platforms for recognition of text and structure of historical documents. Blockchain, or distributed ledger and blockchain technology, preserves the integrity and authenticity of digital archival heritage objects.

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