scholarly journals Enhancing Adsorption Capacity of Clay and Application in Dye Removal from Waste Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 35-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.T. Ogunmodede ◽  
O.L. Adebayo ◽  
A.A. Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Intercalation Process ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Natural clay has been considered as a potential absorbent for removing pollutants from water and waste water. Nonetheless, the effective application of clay for water treatment is limited due to small surface area and presence of net negative surface charge, leading to it low adsorption capacity. The absorption capacity was boosted via intercalation of CaO derived from snail shell (SS). The methylene blue sorption potential, PZC, and the surface area of unmodified clay sample were substantially enhanced by the intercalation process. The process of sorption of MB from solution was analyzed using five different isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Harkins-Jura, and Halsey isotherm equations). The value of the Langmuir monolayer sorption capacity qm (mg/g) increased from 50.12 to 88.71, PZC values increased from 4.50 to 7.40, and the surface area (m2/g) value increased from 27 m2/g to 123 m2/g after the intercalation process. The experimental data were fitted into two kinetic models: Lagergren pseudo-first order and the chemisorptions pseudo-second order. It was observed that chemisorptions pseudo-second order kinetic model described the sorption process with high coefficients of determination (r2) better than pseudo first other kinetic models. The modification caused no change in the clay surficial microstructure but increased the lattice spacing of the clay framework.

scholarly journals Modified Spruce Sawdust for Sorption of Hexavalent Chromium in Batch Systems and Fixed-Bed Columns

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5156
Author(s):  
Dororthea Politi ◽  
Dimitrios Sidiras
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Diethylene Glycol ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

This study investigated the potential use of spruce sawdust that was pretreated with diethylene glycol and sulfuric acid for the removal of hexavalent chromium from wastewater. The sawdust pretreatment process was conducted at different temperatures and times. The adsorbent was characterized by quantitative saccharification, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmet–Teller surface area analysis. Adsorption capacity was studied for both batch and column processes. The experimental adsorption isotherms were simulated using seven isotherm models, including Freundlich and Langmuir models. By using the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximal Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of organosolv-pretreated spruce sawdust (qm) was 318.3 mg g−1. Furthermore, the kinetic data were fitted to Lagergren, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models, revealing that the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto spruce sawdust pretreated with diethylene glycol and sulfuric acid is best represented by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Three kinetic models, namely, the Bohart–Adams model, Thomas model, and modified dose–response (MDR) model, were used to fit the experimental data obtained from the column experiments and to resolve the characteristic parameters. The Thomas adsorption column capacity of the sawdust was increased from 2.44 to 31.1 mg g−1 upon pretreatment, thus, demonstrating that organosolv treatment enhances the adsorption capability of the material.

scholarly journals Dye removal from artificial wastewater using heterogeneous bio-fenton system

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-456
Author(s):  
Rahim Shojaat ◽  
Afzal Karimi ◽  
Naghi Saadatjoo ◽  
Soheil Aber
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Fenton System

In the present study, GOx/MnFe2O4/calcium alginate nano-composite was prepared by the trapping enzyme/nanoparticles in calcium alginate. The prepared absorbent was applied for decolorization of artificial dye wastewater of acid red 14 (AR14) by heterogeneous bio-Fenton system. Kinetic and isotherm studies were carried out. The decolorization of acid red 14 followed the Michaelis- Menten, pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. Good correlation coefficients were obtained by fitting the experimental data to Michaelis- Menten and pseudo-second order kinetic models. The adsorption isotherms were described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. Among the three isotherm models, the Freundlich model was fitted with the equilibrium data obtained from adsorption of AR14 onto MnFe2O4/calcium alginate; while Temkin isotherm gave the best correlation for adsorption on MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. The effect of various parameters such as initial pH of solution, initial dye concentration, and contact time on the adsorption of AR14 on MnFe2O4 and MnFe2O4/ /calcium alginate as well as dye enzymatic decomposition was studied. The decolorization of AR14 with initial concentration of 10 mg.L?1 by using GOx/ /MnFe2O4/calcium alginate was 60.17%.

scholarly journals Yam Peels as Adsorbent for the Removal of Copper (Cu) and Manganese (Mn) in Waste Water

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Isagba ◽  
S. Kadiri ◽  
I. R. Ilaboya
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

This paper investigated the use of yam peel as a natural adsorbent for the removal of Copper (Cu) and Manganese (Mn) from waste water. The yam peels were thoroughly washed with distilled water, dried, pulverized and carbonized. The carbonized yam peel was then characterized for its particle sizes, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, Methylene Blue number, Iodine number. The raw yam peels were prepared using the same procedure, but was not carbonized. The adsorption of Mn(II) and Cu(II) ions were investigated using adsorption experiment at room temperature. The effect of contact time, metal ion concentration and dosage were evaluated. The residual concentrations of the metal ions were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Experimental data obtained were analyzed using Kinetic models and Isotherms such as Pseudo- First order kinetic models, Pseudo-second order kinetic models, Langmuir isotherms and Freundlich isotherm. The analysis showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model best described the adsorption of the metal ions; ( Cu; r2 = 0.991 for RYP and r2 = 0.834 for AYP) and (Mn; r2 = 0.958 for RYP and r2 = 0.896 for AYP) and the experimental data best fit the Freundlich model; (Cu; r2 = 0.564 for RYP and r2 = 0.871 for AYP) and (Mn; r2 = 0.685 for RYP and r2 = 0.736 for AYP). Finally, optimum removal efficiencies of 30.54% for Mn(II) and 39.62% for Cu(II) were obtained for AYP at concentrations of 50mg/l and mass dosage of 1.0g, 120 minutes contact time and a pH of 6.8.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Ni-Zn LHS and Mg-Al LDH Adsorbents of Navy Blue and Yellow F3G Dye

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idha Yulia Ikhsani ◽  
Sri Juari Santosa ◽  
Bambang Rusdiarso
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Disperse Dyes ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Isotherm Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Adsorption of disperse dyes from wastewater onto Ni-Zn LHS (layered hydroxide salts) and Mg-Al LDH (layered double hydroxides) has been compared in this study. Effects of initial pH solution, contact time and initial dye concentration were investigated. The ability of the adsorbent to be reused was also studied. The results showed that acidic condition was favorable for the adsorption of each dyes onto both adsorbent. The adsorption kinetics was studied using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Santosa’s kinetics models. The experimental data fits well with the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The results showed that adsorption of navy blue onto both adsorbent followed Freundlich isotherm adsorption, while yellow F3G followed Langmuir isotherm adsorption. In the application for the adsorption the wastewater containing dyes, Ni-Zn LHS has a better adsorption capacity of 52.33 mg/g than that of Mg-Al LDH that 30.54 mg/g. Calcination of the adsorbent which has already been used increased the adsorption capacity of Mg-Al LDH to 84.75 mg/g, but decreased the adsorption capacity of the Ni-Zn LHS to 42.65 mg/g.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Chromium Ions on Activated Carbon Produced from Cow Bones

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Marah Waleed Khalid ◽  
Sami D. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Chromium Ions ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Due to the broad range uses of chromium for industrial purposes, besides its carcinogenic effect, an efficient, cost effective removal method should be obtained. In this study, cow bones as a cheap raw material were utilized to produce active carbon (CBAC) by physiochemical activation, which was characterized using: SEM to investigate surface morphology and BET to estimate the specific surface area. The best surface area of CBAC was 595.9 m2/gm which was prepared at 600 ᵒC activation temperature and impregnation ratio of 1:1.5. CBAC was used in aqueous chromium ions adsorption. The investigated factors and their ranges are: initial concentration (10-50 mg/L), adsorption time (30-300 min), temperature (20-50 ᵒC) and solution pH (2-11). Isotherm of adsorption and its kinetics were studied. The adsorption process was modeled statistically and was represented by an empirical model. Equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the data best represented by Freundlich isotherm. Pseudo- first order and pseudo- second order kinetic equations were utilized to study adsorption kinetics, where chromium adsorption on CBAC fitted pseudo- second order fitted the data more adequately. The best removal efficiency was found to be 94.32%.

scholarly journals Removal of Rhodamine B from aqueous solution by ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite with magnetic separation performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Konicki ◽  
Daniel Siber ◽  
Urszula Narkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Abstract Magnetic ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite (ZnFe-NC) was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Rhodamine B (RB) from aqueous solution. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, SEM, HRTEM, BET and FTIR. The effects of various parameters such as initial RB concentration (5–25 mg L−1), pH (3.4–11.1) and temperature (20–60°C) were investigated. The adsorption capacity at equilibrium increased from 5.02 to 9.83 mg g−1, with the increase in the initial concentration of RB from 5 to 25 mg L−1 at pH 7.0 and at 20°C. The experimental results indicated that the maximum RB removal could be attained at a solution pH of 4.4 and the adsorption capacity obtained was 6.02 mg g−1. Kinetic adsorption data were analyzed using the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, the pseudo-second-order model and the intraparticle diffusion model. The adsorption kinetics well fitted using a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The experimental isotherm data were analyzed using two isotherm models, namely, Langmuir and Freundlich. The results revealed that the adsorption behavior of the RB onto ZnFe-NC fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. In addition, various thermodynamic parameters, such as standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°) have been calculated.

Kinetics of lead ion biosorption from aqueous solution onto lyophilized Aspergillus niveus

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hülya Karaca ◽  
Turgay Tay ◽  
Merih Kıvanç
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Lead Ions ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Aspergillus Niveus ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The biosorption of lead ions (Pb2+) onto lyophilized fungus Aspergillus niveus was investigated in aqueous solutions in a batch system with respect to pH, contact time and initial concentration of the ions at 30 °C. The maximum adsorption capacity of lyophilized A. niveus was found to be 92.6 mg g−1 at pH 5.1 and the biosorption equilibrium was established about in 30 min. The adsorption capacity obtained is one of the highest value among those reported in the literature. The kinetic data were analyzed using the pseudo-first-order kinetic, pseudo-second-order kinetic, and intraparticle diffusion equations. Kinetic parameters, such as rate constants, equilibrium adsorption capacities, and related correlation coefficients for the kinetic models were calculated and discussed. It was found that the adsorption of lead ions onto lyophilized A. niveus biomass fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm parameters for the lead ion adsorption were applied and the Langmuir model agreed better with the adsorption of lead ions onto lyophilized A. niveus.

scholarly journals The Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Studies of the Sorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution Using Pulverized Raw Macadamia Nut Shells

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Joshua N. Edokpayi ◽  
Samson O. Alayande ◽  
Ahmed Adetoro ◽  
John O. Odiyo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Macadamia Nut ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, the potential for pulverized raw macadamia nut shell (MNS) for the sequestration of methylene blue from aqueous media was assessed. The sorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy for surface morphology, functional group analysis was performed with a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) isotherm was used for surface area elucidation. The effects of contact time, sorbent dosage, particle size, pH, and change in a solution matrix were studied. Equilibrium data were fitted using Temkin, Langmuir, and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. The sorption kinetics was studied using the Lagergren pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models. The feasibility of the study was established from the thermodynamic studies. A surface area of 2.763 m2/g was obtained. The equilibrium and kinetics of sorption was best described by the Langmuir and the pseudo-second-order models, respectively. The sorption process was spontaneous (−ΔG0=28.72−31.77 kJ/mol) and endothermic in nature (ΔH0=17.45 kJ/mol). The positive value of ΔS0 (0.15 kJ/molK) implies increased randomness of the sorbate molecules at the surface of the sorbent. This study presents sustainable management of wastewater using MNS as a potential low-cost sorbent for dye decontamination from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon Developed from Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao) Shell - A Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S363-S371 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Theivarasu ◽  
S. Mylsamy
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The removal of malachite green (MG) by cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell activated carbon (CSAC) was investigated in present study. Adsorption studies were performed by batch experiments as a function of process parameters such as initial pH, contact time, initial concentration and adsorbent dose. A comparison of kinetic models applied to the adsorption of MG on CSAC was evaluated for the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. Results showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model was found to correlate the experimental data well. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data was represented with Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Flory-Huggins isotherms. The experimental data obtained in the present study indicated that activated carbon developed from cocoa shell can be attractive options for dye removal from waste water.

scholarly journals Parametric, equilibrium and kinetic studies on the removal of mercury using ion exchange resin

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rajamohan ◽  
M. Rajasimman
Keyword(s):  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Acid Cation ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Langmuir Constants

This experimental research was an investigation into removal of mercury by using a strong acid cation resin, 001 × 7. Parametric experiments were conducted to determine the optimum pH, resin dosage, agitation speed and the effect of change in concentration in the range of 50–200 mg/L. High resin dosages favoured better removal efficiency but resulted in lower uptakes. Equilibrium experiments were performed and fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Langmuir model suited well to this study confirming the homogeneity of the resin surface. The Langmuir constants were estimated as qmax = 110.619 mg/g and KL = 0.070 L/g at 308 K. Kinetic experiments were modeled using Pseudo second order model and higher values of R2 (>0.97) were obtained. The Pseudo second order kinetic constants, namely, equilibrium uptake (qe) and rate constant (k2), were evaluated as 59.17 mg/g and 40.2 × 10−4 g mg−1 min−1 at an initial mercury concentration of 100 mg/L and temperature of 308 K.

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