scholarly journals The Study of Biochemical Factors of Calcification of Stable and Unstable Plaques in the Coronary Arteries of Man

Kardiologiia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Ragino ◽  
E. V. Kashtanova ◽  
I. S. Murashov ◽  
A. M. Volkov ◽  
A. V. Kurguzov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Unstable Plaque ◽  
Spearman Coefficient ◽  
Unstable Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Unstable Plaques

Objective. The aim of the study was to study biochemical factors of calcification in stable and unstable plaques of coronary arteries and in the blood of patients with severe coronary atherosclerosis, to find associations of biochemical factors of calcification with the development of unstable atherosclerotic plaque.Materials and Methods. The study included 25 men aged 60,4±6,8 years who received coronary bypass surgery. In the course of the operation intraoperative indications in men were from coronary endarteriectomy (s) artery (a – d) and histological and biochemical analyses of the samples of the intima / media. Out of 85 fragments of intima / media of coronary arteries, 15 fragments of unchanged intima / media, 39 fragments of stable atheromatous plaque and 31 fragments of unstable plaque were determined. In homogenates of samples of intima / media (after measurement of protein by the method of Lowry) and in blood by ELISA were determined by biochemical factors of calcification: osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, an osteopontin, osteonectin, as well as inflammatory factors (cytokines, chemokines).Results. A significant direct correlation (Spearman coefficient =0.607, p<0.01) between the stages of atherosclerotic focus development to unstable plaque and the degree of calcification of atherosclerotic focus development samples was found. There was an increased content of osteocalcin in stable and unstable plaques by 3.3 times in comparison with the unchanged tissue of intima / media of coronary arteries, as well as in samples with small and dust-like, with coarse-grained calcifications in comparison with samples without calcifications by 2.8 and 2.1 times, respectively. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, the relative risk of unstable atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery is associated with a reduced content of osteocalcin (OR=0.988, 95 % CI 0.978–0.999, p=0.028). Also, the relative risk of calcifications in the atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery is associated with an increased content of osteocalcin (OR=1,008, 95 % CI 1,001–1,015, p=0,035). In men with severe coronary atherosclerosis, a significant inverse correlation was found (Spearman coefficient –0.386, p=0.022) between the content of osteoprotegerin in the vascular wall and in the blood.

scholarly journals The role of small noncoding RNAS in the pathogenesis of coronary arteries atherosclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
E. A. Polyakova ◽  
M. I. Zaraiskii ◽  
O. A. Berkovich ◽  
E. I. Baranova ◽  
E. V. Shlyakhto
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Significant Stenosis ◽  
Atherosclerotic Stenosis ◽  
Significant Difference

Background.Cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease (CAD), remains a leading cause of mortality. The results of recent studies demonstrate that microRNA engages in pathogenesis of different pathological states, including coronary atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestation — CAD.Objective.To evaluate microRNA-27а, microRNA-133а and microRNA-203 expression in cardiomyocytes and blood serum of CAD patients with different degrees of coronary artery lesion.Design and methods. 100 patients were included in the study, they formed 3 groups: 40 patients with CAD and significant atherosclerosis of 1-2 coronary arteries; 40 patients with multi arterial coronary disease and 20 persons without CAD and significant comorbidity. The microRNA-27a, microRNA-133а and microRNA-203 expression was determined in cardiomyocytes and blood serum of these patients by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results.Level of microRNA-27a, microRNA-133а and microRNA-203 expression in left atrium cardiomyocytes of CAD patients with significant stenosis of 3 or more coronary arteries was higher, then their expression in the patients with 1-2-vessel and in group without coronary atherosclerosis. Examination of the microRNA expression level in blood serum and in left atrium cardiomyocytes revealed a significant difference. The expression of microRNA-27a and microRNA-133а in cardiomyocytes is above than in blood serum, while the expression of microRNA-203 in the myocardium is lower, than in the blood serum. Level of microRNA-27a, microRNA-133а and microRNA-203 expression in blood serum in CAD patients with significant stenosis of 3 or more coronary arteries was significantly higher, than in patients with 1-2 stenosis of coronary arteries. Furthermore, classification tree method established that risk of atherosclerotic heart disease increases five-fold if microRNA-203 expression in blood serum is more than 100 REU.Conclusion.MicroRNA-27а and microRNA-133а expression in cardiomyocytes of left atrium is higher than in blood serum in CAD patients. MicroRNA-203 expression level in blood serum may be a new predictive marker of coronary artery degree atherosclerotic stenosis in CAD patients.

Histology of atherosclerotic plaque from coronary arteries of deceased patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Yanet Pérez Sorí ◽  
Vivian A. Herrera Moya ◽  
Ileana Puig Reyes ◽  
Francisco L. Moreno-Martínez ◽  
Rosa Bermúdez Alemán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Artery Bypass Graft

scholarly journals Coronary tortuosity is negatively correlated with coronary atherosclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 5205-5209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Yi Feng ◽  
Genshan Ma ◽  
Chengxing Shen ◽  
Naifeng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Atherosclerotic Stenosis ◽  
Coronary Tortuosity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Objective The impact of coronary tortuosity on coronary atherosclerosis remains unclear. This study was performed to determine to the relationship between coronary tortuosity and the presence of coronary atherosclerosis. Methods Tortuosity and the presence of coronary atherosclerosis in the main coronary arteries were evaluated. The coronary artery was divided into non-tortuous and tortuous segments. The incidence of coronary atherosclerosis between the two segments was compared. Results The prevalence of coronary atherosclerotic stenosis was significantly lower in the tortuous than non-tortuous segment. Conclusion The prevalence of coronary atherosclerotic stenosis is lower in the coronary tortuous than non-tortuous segment, indicating that coronary tortuosity might be considered a protective factor for atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Novel Plaque Enriched Long Noncoding RNA in Atherosclerotic Macrophage Regulation (PELATON)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hung ◽  
Jessica P. Scanlon ◽  
Amira D. Mahmoud ◽  
Julie Rodor ◽  
Margaret Ballantyne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Lipid Uptake ◽  
Unstable Plaque ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Unstable Atherosclerotic Plaque

Objective: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an emergent class of molecules with diverse functional roles, widely expressed in human physiology and disease. Although some lncRNAs have been identified in cardiovascular disease, their potential as novel targets in the prevention of atherosclerosis is unknown. We set out to discover important lncRNAs in unstable plaque and gain insight into their functional relevance. Approach and Results: Analysis of RNA sequencing previously performed on stable and unstable atherosclerotic plaque identified a panel of 47 differentially regulated lncRNAs. We focused on LINC01272, a lncRNA upregulated in unstable plaque previously detected in inflammatory bowel disease, which we termed PELATON (plaque enriched lncRNA in atherosclerotic and inflammatory bowel macrophage regulation). Here, we demonstrate that PELATON is highly monocyte- and macrophage-specific across vascular cell types, and almost entirely nuclear by cellular fractionation (90%–98%). In situ hybridization confirmed enrichment of PELATON in areas of plaque inflammation, colocalizing with macrophages around the shoulders and necrotic core of human plaque sections. Consistent with its nuclear localization, and despite containing a predicted open reading frame, PELATON did not demonstrate any protein-coding potential in vitro. Functionally, knockdown of PELATON significantly reduced phagocytosis, lipid uptake and reactive oxygen species production in high-content analysis, with a significant reduction in phagocytosis independently validated. Furthermore, CD36, a key mediator of phagocytic oxLDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein) uptake was significantly reduced with PELATON knockdown. Conclusions: PELATON is a nuclear expressed, monocyte- and macrophage-specific lncRNA, upregulated in unstable atherosclerotic plaque. Knockdown of PELATON affects cellular functions associated with plaque progression.

Carotid versus coronary atherosclerosis burdens in acute compared with chronic symptomatic coronary artery disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 878-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie LeBlanc ◽  
Karine Bibeau ◽  
Olivier F. Bertrand ◽  
Valérie Lévesque ◽  
Béatrice Deschênes St-Pierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Chronic Stable Angina ◽  
Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Artery Disease

Prediction of coronary events remains elusive. Carotid atherosclerosis may be a surrogate for coronary risk, as carotid and coronary diseases occur simultaneously — albeit at times with a weak association — depending on clinical presentation. We investigated carotid and coronary atherosclerosis in men with new-onset unstable coronary artery disease (CAD) presenting with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) vs. long-standing severe chronic stable angina (CSA). Bilateral carotid artery and 3-vessel coronary artery atherosclerosis burdens were measured within 1 month, respectively, by 3D-volumetric carotid magnetic resonance imaging and coronary angiography-derived modified CASS-50 score. Men with STEMI (n = 50) and long-standing CSA (n = 50), matched for age, were enrolled (58.6 ± 8.8 years). All of them had carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis burden was greater in the carotid arteries of STEMI vs. CSA (wall volume: 196.2 ± 44.4 vs. 169.2 ± 38.0 mm3/4 mm, p = 0.002), but greater in the coronary arteries of CSA vs. STEMI (modified CASS-50 score: 3 vs. 1, p < 0.0001). Normalized wall index (NWI) of internal carotid was associated with modified CASS-50 score in STEMI (ρ = 0.40, p = 0.022) and in CSA (ρ = −0.39, p = 0.031). Carotid atherosclerosis was observed in all CAD patients, and atherosclerosis burden in carotid and in coronary arteries varied according to clinical presentation.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Disease on The Amount of Lesioned Coronary Artery

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 493-496
Author(s):  
Monitrya Nababan ◽  
Achmad Lefi ◽  
Djohar Nuswantoro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
P Value ◽  
History Of

Objective: To determine the relationship of coronary heart disease traditional risk factors to the number of lesioned coronary arteries and calculate the relative risk. Methods: This study used an analytical research design with a retrospective cohort study design using patient catheterization report data. Data analysis was performed using the chi square test and relative risk in 449 individuals. Results: Based on the analysis results obtained p value 0.05 indicating no relationship between risk factors for coronary heart disease with the number of coronary arteries the lesions based on sex, history of hypertension and history of smoking. Conclusion: There is a relationship between age, history of diabetes mellitus, history of dyslipidemia and the number of coronary arteries that are lesions in patients with coronary heart disease and there is no relationship between sex, history of hypertension and smoking history with the number of coronary arteries that are lesions in patients with coronary heart disease. Keywords: single vessel disease; multivessel disease; coronary artery disease; risk factors CAD

scholarly journals Sarcopenia is associated with severe coronary atherosclerosis in male patients with coronary artery disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Т. A. Raskina ◽  
I. I. Grigorieva ◽  
М. V. Letaeva ◽  
V. I. Ivanov ◽  
V. V. Masenko
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
European Working ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
Youden’S Index

Aim. To investigate the association between coronary atherosclerosis and sarcopenia in male patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Material and Methods. We enrolled 79 male patients with CAD verified by coronary angiography (median age 63 (57; 66) years). Patients were stratified according to the severity of coronary atherosclerosis: 1) 1 or 2 affected coronary arteries; 2) 3 affected coronary arteries; 3) lesions in the left main coronary artery (LMCA), with or without other coronary arteries involved. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the recommendations of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) which include examination examining of muscle strength, mass and function. Patients were also divided into those without sarcopenia (n = 31), those with presarcopenia (n = 21), and those with sarcopenia (n = 27). Results. Severity of coronary atherosclerosis inversely correlated with the musculoskeletal index (r = - 0.227, p = 0.047). A higher prevalence of LMCA lesions was noted in patients with sarcopenia compared with those with presarcopenia or without sarcopenia (29.6% vs. 20.0% vs. 13.3%, respectively). Severe CAD (3 affected coronary arteries or LMCA lesions was associated with a reduction in the musculoskeletal index with sensitivity of 68.1% and specificity of 56.7% (area under the curve = 0.634; 95% CI: 0.515-0.741; p = 0.028; Youden's index 0.248). Conclusion. Sarcopenia is associated with increased severity of CAD.

Quantification of Coronary Artery Stenosis with 16-Slice MSCT in Patients before CABG Surgery: Comparison to Standard Invasive Coronary Angiography

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Probst ◽  
A. Kovacs ◽  
C. Schmitz ◽  
W. Schiller ◽  
H. Schild ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Invasive Coronary Angiography ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Selective Coronary Angiography

Objective: Invasive, selective coronary angiography is the gold standard for evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD) and degree of stenosis. The purpose of this study was to compare 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructed 16-slice multislice computed tomographic (MSCT) angiography and selective coronary angiography in patients before elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedure. Methods: Sixteen-slice MSCT scans (Philips Mx8000 IDT) were performed in 50 patients (42 male/8 female; mean age, 64.44 8.66 years) scheduled for elective CABG procedure. Scans were retrospectively electrocardiogram-gated 3D reconstructed. The images of the coronary arteries were evaluated for stenosis by 2 independent radiologists. The results were compared with the coronary angiography findings using the American Heart Association segmental classification for coronary arteries. Results: Four patients (8%) were excluded for technical reasons. Thirty-eight patients (82.6%) had 3-vessel disease, 4 (8.7 %) had 2-vessel disease, and 4 (8.7%) had an isolated left anterior descending artery stenosis. In the proximal segments all stenoses >50% (56/56) were detected by MSCT; medial segment sensitivity was 97% (73/75), specificity 90.3%; distal segment sensitivity was 90.7% (59/65), specificity 77%. Conclusion: Accurate quantification of coronary stenosis greater than 50% in the proximal and medial segments is possible with high sensitivity and specificity using the new generation of 16-slice MSCTs. There is still a tendency to overestimate stenosis in the distal segments. MSCT seems to be an excellent diagnostic tool for screening patients with possible CAD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document