Comparative evaluation of the effect of Ocimum sanctum and metformin on serum lipid profile in high fat diet fed diabetic rats

Background: Dyslipidaemia is an important risk factor for development of macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ocimum sanctum (OS) and metformin have shown to have antihyperlipidaemic effects. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of OS and Metformin on body weight & plasma lipid levels of high fat diet fed diabetic ratsMethods: Total of 30 male wistar rats (100-150gm) were obtained. Animals were fed with a high fat diet throughout the study (6 weeks). Diabetes was induced by using single intra-peritoneal injection of Streptozotocin 50mg/kg at the end of 4 weeks. Diabetic rats were divided into groups of 6 each and treated as follows: Group 1- Diabetic control, was given vehicle orally. Group 2- O.S. ethanolic extract 100mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days. Group 3- O.S. ethanolic extract 200mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days. Group 4- Metformin 100mg/day for 14 daysResults: At the end of 4 weeks, body weight of rats were significantly increased (p <0.05). Maximum weight gain was seen in control group whereas weight gain was least in O.S. 200mg/kg group (p >0.05). Decrease in body weight was seen in metformin group. Abdominal circumference of rats also showed similar pattern (p >0.05). OS 200 caused significant reduction in serum LDL levels (p <0.05) and significant rise of serum HDL levels (p <0.05) as compared to control group. Metformin also favourably affected the lipid profile and its effects were not significantly different from effects of OS 200 (p> 0.05).Conclusions: Present study revealed that Ocimum Sanctum caused significant reduction in serum lipid levels in high fat diet fed diabetic rats. Metformin also exhibited antihyperlipidaemic activity. So, it is concluded that OS or metformin alone or in combination could be a novel adjunct to diet and life style modification for the management of dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes. Further studies are required to confirm the antidyslipidaemic activities of individual phytoconstituents of Ocimum sanctum.

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ANTIDIABETIC EFFECTS OF [10]-GINGEROL IN STREPTOZOTOCIN- AND HIGH-FAT DIET-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i11.35421 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 77-80

Author(s):

ASHUTOSH KUMAR YADAV ◽

REETU ◽

ARUN GARG

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Weight ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Antidiabetic Effects

Objective: India is the “diabetes capital of the world” with 62.4 million Indians having type 2 diabetes in 2011. A major risk factor for insulin resistance is obesity, which is generally caused by regular physical inactivity and high-fat diet (HFD). Obesity and diabetes are closely related to each other as about 80% of diabetics are obese. Obesity is a common finding in type 2 diabetes. The objective of the study was to investigate the antidiabetic effects of [10]-gingerol in streptozotocin (STZ)- and HFD-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Wistar rats were used for the study. Animals were divided into six groups. The six groups in this study were, Group I (normal control), Group II (diabetic control), Group III (glibenclamide at 5 mg/kg p.o.), Group IV (orlistat at 60 mg/kg p.o.), Group V ([10]-gingerol at 15 mg/kg p.o.), and Group VI [10]-gingerol (30 mg/kg p.o.), respectively. The antidiabetic activity was assessed using blood glucose level, body weight, and various biochemical parameters such as serum total cholesterol (TC) level, triglyceride (TG) level, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), total protein (TP), serum alanine transaminase, and aspartate aminotransferase (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase), respectively. Results: [10]-gingerol exhibited an antidiabetic effect by significantly decreased the level of blood glucose, body weight, TC, TG, TP, and increase HDL. The results of the study demonstrated that the treatment with [10]-gingerol significantly (p<0.05) and dose dependently prevented STZ- and HFD-induced diabetic rats. Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest that [10]-gingerol possesses potential antidiabetic activity as it lowers serum glucose level.

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EXPLORATION OF IN VIVO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF 50% ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SESAMUM INDICUM L. SEED AGAINST HIGH FAT DIET INDUCED RATS

International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22159/ijcpr.2019v11i6.36342 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 55-61

Author(s):

ZAFAR JAVED KHAN ◽

NAEEM AHMAD KHAN

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Body Weight ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Sesamum Indicum ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Lipid Peroxidase

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vivo antioxidant potential of 50% ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum against high-fat diet-induced rats. Methods: Animals were treated with plant extract for 30 d, and a high-fat diet was given to all groups except plain control, throughout, out the study. And alpha-tocopherol acetate (Vit, E) was used as standard. Pre-treatment with 16 mg/100 gm of body weight of 50% ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum improved the Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and lipid peroxidation levels significantly as compared to control group. Results: The present studies revealed that Sesamum indicum has significant in vivo antioxidant activity and can be used to protect tissue from oxidative stress. The result showed that the activities of SOD, catalase, lipid peroxidase, and glutathione, in the group treated with high-fat diet declined significantly than that of normal group. Conclusion: 50% ethanolic extract of in the dose of Sesamum indicum 16 mg/100 gm of body weight, has improved the SOD, catalase, glutathione, and lipid peroxidase levels significantly, which were comparable with high-fat-diet-induced rats. Based on this study we conclude that the 50% ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum possesses in vivo antioxidant activity and can be employed in protecting tissue from oxidative stress.

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Antidiabetic Effect of Fresh Nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica) in Low-Dose Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/4380721 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Seung Hwan Hwang ◽

Il-Jun Kang ◽

Soon Sung Lim

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Low Dose ◽

Water Extract ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels

The objective of the present study was to evaluateα-glucosidase inhibitory and antidiabetic effects of Nopal water extract (NPWE) and Nopal dry power (NADP) in low-dose streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The type 2 diabetic rat model was induced by HFD and low-dose STZ. The rats were divided into four groups as follows: (1) nondiabetic rats fed a regular diet (RD-Control); (2) low-dose STZ-induced diabetic rats fed HFD (HF-STZ-Control); (3) low-dose STZ-induced diabetic rats fed HFD and supplemented with NPWE (100 mg/kg body weight, HF-STZ-NPWE); and (4) low-dose STZ-induced diabetic rats fed HFD and supplemented with comparison medication (rosiglitazone, 10 mg/kg, body weight, HF-STZ-Rosiglitazone). In results, NPWE and NADP had IC50values of 67.33 and 86.68 μg/mL, both of which exhibit inhibitory activities but lower than that of acarbose (38.05 μg/mL) while NPWE group significantly decreased blood glucose levels compared to control and NPDP group on glucose tolerance in the high-fat diet fed rats model (P<0.05). Also, the blood glucose levels of HR-STZ-NPWE group were significantly lower (P<0.05) than HR-STZ-Control group on low-dose STZ-induced diabetic rats fed HFD. Based on these findings, we suggested that NPWE could be considered for the prevention and/or treatment of blood glucose and a potential use as a dietary supplement.

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Embelin modulates metabolic endotoxemia and associated obesity in high fat diet fed C57BL/6 mice

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327120934522 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 60-70

Author(s):

P Bansal ◽

U Bhandari ◽

K Sharma ◽

P Arya

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

The Body ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Lipid Levels ◽

High Fat ◽

Serum Lipid Levels ◽

Metabolic Endotoxemia

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of embelin in metabolic endotoxemia (ME) mediated inflammation and associated obesity in high fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 mice. The molecular docking of embelin confirms its binding with the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4). In vivo study, mice were treated with HFD for 8 weeks to induce ME mediated inflammation and associated obesity. Further, mice were treated with embelin (50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and orlistat (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) from 5th to 8th week along with HFD to improve associated changes. After 8 weeks, mice were euthanized and assessed for body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat pad weights (mesenteric, retroperitoneal, and epididymal), intestinal permeability, TLR-4, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, lipopolysaccharide, and serum lipid levels followed by histopathological analysis of liver and adipose tissues. Embelin significantly decreased the body weight, BMI, serum lipid levels, ME, and inflammation manifested by above parameters. Further, results of histopathological study showed that embelin restored the vacuolization, inflammation, one side shifting of nucleus in liver tissue, and decreased adipocyte cells size in adipose tissue in HFD-fed mice. Thus, our findings provide the strong evidence first time that embelin could modulate ME, mediate inflammation, and consequently reduce body weight gain, BMI, and serum lipid levels in HFD-fed mice.

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Partial Replacement with Menhaden Oil Improves Peripheral Neuropathy in High-Fat-Fed Low-Dose Streptozotocin Type 2 Diabetic Rat

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2012/950517 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Lawrence J. Coppey ◽

Amey Holmes ◽

Eric P. Davidson ◽

Mark A. Yorek

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Neuropathy ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Low Dose ◽

Sensory Nerve ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Menhaden Oil ◽

High Fat

Aims. To determine the effect of partial replacement of a high-fat diet with menhaden oil on diabetic neuropathy in an animal model of type 2 diabetes.Materials and Methods. High-fat/low-dose streptozotocin diabetic rats were used to examine the influence of replacing 50% of the source of the high-fat diet (lard) with menhaden oil, a natural source of n-3 fatty acids, on diabetic neuropathy. Endpoints included analyses of glucose tolerance, fatty liver disease, serum and liver fatty acid composition, serum lipid and adiponectin levels, motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity, thermal sensitivity and innervation of the hindpaw.Results. Diabetic rats were insulin resistant and menhaden oil did not improve whole animal glucose utilization. Menhaden oil did not improve elevated HbA1C levels or serum lipid levels but serum levels of adiponectin were significantly increased and hepatic steatosis was significantly improved. Diabetic rats were thermal hypoalgesic, had reduced motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities and intraepidermal nerve fiber profiles were decreased in the hindpaw and these endpoints were significantly improved with menhaden oil.Conclusions. We found that enrichment of a high-fat diet with menhaden oil improved a number of endpoints associated with diabetic neuropathy.

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ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIDYSLIPIDEMIC PROPERTIES OF GOA-111, A MIXTURE OF GYMNEMA SYLVESTRAE, OCIMUM SANCTUM AND AZADIRACHTA INDICA EXTRACT IN THE RATIO OF 1:1:1 STUDIED IN HIGH FAT DIET FED- LOW DOSE STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED EXPERIMENTAL TYPE 2 DIABETES IN RAT

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v9i4-a.3394 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4-A) ◽

pp. 115-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sangeetha Sathyanarayan ◽

K. Sadasivan Pillai

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Low Dose ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

High Fat ◽

Experimental Type

Diabetes mellitus emerges from multiple biochemical and cellular impairments, including decreased insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cells and impaired insulin action in peripheral tissues. The present study was systematically carried out to evaluate antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic properties of GOA-111,a herbal extract containing a mixture of Gymnema sylvestrae, Ocimum sanctum leaves and seed kernel of Azadirachta indica in the ratio of 1:1:1 in ameliorating both the primary and secondary complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in high fat diet fed low dose streptozotocin induced diabetic rats Experimental type 2 diabetes was induced with a low dose streptozotocin in rats fed on a high fat diet. Diabetic rats were treated with three different doses GOA 111 (150,300 and 450 mg/Kg b.wt/rat/day) for 30 days. The toxicological parameters such as AST, ALT and ALP were assayed. Biochemical parameters such as fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, insulin resistance and lipid profile were measured. Oral treatment with GOA 111 significantly decreased the elevated levels of fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, AST, ALT and ALP. The insulin level was improved in insulin resistant diabetic rats. GOA 111 also normalized the lipid profile. Though the results showed a dose dependent impact on the parameters, a dose of 300mg/Kg B/W/rat/day GOA 111 exerts maximum potential anti-hyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects in HFD/STZ-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Key words: GOA 111; High fat diet; Streptozotocin; antidiabetic; antidyslipidemic

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