scholarly journals Efficacy of Levocetirizine, Prednisolone and their combination in the treatment of chronic urticaria: a comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1489
Author(s):  
Kanhaiah More ◽  
B. Samskar ◽  
G. B. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Eosinophil Count ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Therapeutic Effectiveness ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Urticaria results from many different stimuli and numerous factors like immunologic, non-immunologic, genetic and modulating factors which are involved in its pathogenesis and ultimately converge on mast cells and basophils to release mediators and produce urticarial lesions. This study is aimed to compare the therapeutic effectiveness of Levocetirizine (newer generation H1 blocker), prednisolone (glucocorticoid) and their combination in the treatment of chronic urticaria.Methods: Group I (34 patients received tab Levocetirizine alone 5mg daily for 15 days). Group II (33 patients received tab Prednisolone alone 20mg /day for initial 3 days and later dose was gradually tapered by 5mg /day every 3 days to 5mg/day with total duration of 12 days). Group III (33 patients received the combination of Levocetirizine and Prednisolone).Results: The Group -I patients average eosinophil count before and after treatment was 4±1.4 and 2.4±0.8 respectively, with an average difference of 1.7±1.3. In Group - II patients average eosinophil count before and after treatment was 4.0±1.1 and 2.5±0.3 respectively, with an average difference of 1.5±1.1. In the Group - III patients the average eosinophil count before and after treatment was 4.3±1.0 and 2.1±1.0 with an average difference of 2.2±1.3. In G-I (n=34).Conclusions: Statistical analysis of the present study showed that the combination of Levocetirizine and prednisolone therapy was significantly (P<0.05) greater than prednisolone alone therapy and improvement with Levocetirizine alone (79%) was almost similar to combination therapy (85%).

Endothelin effects in isolated, perfused lamb lungs: role of cyclooxygenase inhibition and vasomotor tone

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (2) ◽  
pp. H443-H450 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Toga ◽  
J. Usha Raj ◽  
R. Hillyard ◽  
B. Ku ◽  
J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Vasomotor Tone ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
Arteries And Veins

We have determined the sites of action of endothelin-1 (ET) in the lamb pulmonary circulation. The influence of cyclooxygenase inhibition and baseline vasomotor tone on ET effects was also studied. Lungs of 14 lambs (6-9 wk of age, 12.1 +/- 0.6 kg body wt) were isolated and perfused with blood. Group I lungs (n = 5) were untreated, group II lungs (n = 5) were treated with indomethacin to inhibit cyclooxygenase, and group III lungs (n = 4) were treated with indomethacin and a thromboxane A2 analogue, U-46619, to elevate vasomotor tone. All lungs were perfused with constant flow in zone 3, with left atrial and airway pressures being 8 and 6 cmH2O, respectively. We measured pulmonary arterial pressure and, by the micropuncture servo-null method, pressures in 20- to 50-microns diameter subpleural venules, both before and after each dose of ET was infused (50, 100, 250, and 500 ng/kg). Group I lungs, with high baseline vasomotor tone, exhibited a biphasic response to ET; 50-100 ng/kg of ET dilated both arteries and veins, whereas 500 ng/kg of ET constricted both arteries and veins. In group II lungs with low vasomotor tone, all doses of ET caused constriction of arteries only. In group III lungs (indomethacin treated with elevated vasomotor tone), 50-100 ng/kg of ET caused dilation of arteries and veins, whereas 500 ng/kg of ET induced constriction, this time only in arteries. We conclude that ET has both dilator and constrictor effects in arteries and veins of isolated, perfused lamb lungs. ET-induced arterial and venous dilation is dependent on initial vasomotor tone but not on cyclooxygenase metabolites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adaptive dose response pilot study of intravaginal Prostaglandin E2 application in free farrowing sows during parturition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Bill ◽  
Heiko Nathues ◽  
Alexander Grahofer
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Birth Process ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Meconium Staining

Abstract Background The duration of birth is an important factor influencing the survival of piglets and the health of sows. A prolonged parturition is usually treated with oxytocin, even though several undesirable side effects are described. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) of different concentrations as an intravaginal applied gel in sows. MethodsTwelve sows were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups: Group I (control group) application of placebo gel; Group II application of 2.0 mg PGE2; Group III application of 1.0 mg PGE2; Group IV application of 0.5 mg PGE2. The gel was administered intravaginal after the birth of the fourth piglet. Total duration of birth (time between first piglet and last placenta), piglet interval and placenta expulsion duration (time between first and last placenta) were recorded, and each piglet was scored for meconium staining and vitality. Furthermore, stillborn piglets were categorized into ante-partum and intra-partum deaths. Results Although no significant differences between the groups were detected, a beneficial tendency in several parameters was observed in group III. The duration of birth was 284 min (average of 14.3 piglets per litter), whereas in all other groups it was more than 400 min (average of 18.0 piglets per litter). The piglet interval was 10.1 min in group II compared to 10.2 min in group III, 16 min in group IV and 21.4 min in group I. In group III the placenta expulsion duration was 119 min in contrast to the other groups with more than 266 min. Severe meconium staining in more than 10% of piglets was observed in group II and IV. Moreover, piglets of group II showed oedematous and haemorrhagic umbilical cords, lethargy and anoxia, and intra-partum deaths were recorded. Conclusion Although the sample size is limited in this study, it is assumed that an application of 1mg PGE2 intra-partum instead of lower or higher dosages has the most beneficial effects on the birth process in sows and on the vitality of piglets. Further investigation is necessary to confirm the positive effect of PGE2 in daily practise.

scholarly journals Different Bleeding Patterns with the Use of Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System: Are They Associated with Changes in Uterine Artery Blood Flow?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Bastianelli ◽  
Manuela Farris ◽  
Stefania Rapiti ◽  
Roberta Bruno Vecchio ◽  
Giuseppe Benagiano
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. Evaluate if different bleeding patterns associated with the use of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) are associated with different uterine and endometrial vascularization patterns, as evidenced by ultrasound power Doppler analysis.Methodology. A longitudinal study, with each subject acting as its own control was conducted between January 2010 and December 2012. Healthy volunteers with a history of heavy but cyclic and regular menstrual cycles were enrolled in the study. Ultrasonographic examination was performed before and after six months of LNG-IUS placement: uterine volume, endometrial thickness, and subendometrial and myometrial Doppler blood flow patterns have been evaluated.Results. A total of 32 women were enrolled out of 186 initially screened. At six months of follow-up, all subjects showed a reduction in menstrual blood loss; for analysis, they were retrospectively divided into 3 groups: normal cycling women (Group I), amenorrheic women (Group II), and women with prolonged bleedings (Group III). Intergroup analysis documented a statistically significant difference in endometrial thickness among the three groups; in addition, mean pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) in the spiral arteries were significantly lower in Group I and Group III compared to Group II. This difference persisted also when comparing—within subjects of Group III—mean PI and RI mean values before and after insertion.Conclusions. The LNG-IUS not only altered endometrial thickness, but—in women with prolonged bleedings—also significantly changed uterine artery blood flow. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and enable gynecologists to properly counsel women, improving initial continuation rates.

scholarly journals Efficacy of hyaluronic acid in the treatment of chronic gingivitis in children

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 1021-1025
Author(s):  
Marija Igic ◽  
Dragan Mihailovic ◽  
Ljiljana Kesic ◽  
Mirjana Apostolovic ◽  
Ljiljana Kostadinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Basic Treatment

Introduction/Aim. Gingivitis is a common occurrence in children and may well be thought as a risk factor for the appearance and progression of the diseases of parodontal tissues. It is thus necessary to react in a timely and adequate fashion to prevent the disease to become serious and produce parodontopathy. The aim of the study was to establish the efficacy of hyaluronic acid in the treatment of chronic gingivitis in children. Methods. The study enrolled 130 children with permanent dentition. All of the examinees were divided into three groups: group I - 50 patients with chronic gingivitis in which only the basic treatment was applied; group II - 50 patients with chronic gingivitis in which hyaluronic acid was applied in addition to basic treatment; group III - 30 examinees with healthy gingiva (control group). Assessment of oral hygiene and status of the gingiva and parodontium was done using the appropriate indexes before and after the treatment. Inflammation of the gingiva was monitored by way of cytomorphometric studies. Results. The pretreatment values of the plaque index (PI) were high: in the group I PI was 1.94; in the group II PI was 1.68. After the treatment, the PI value was reduced to null in both groups (PI = 0). In the group III PI was 0.17. The bleeding index (BI) in the group I was 2.02 before and 0.32 after the treatment; the BI value in the group II was 1.74 before and 0.16 after the treatment. In the group III BI was 0. In the group I, the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) was 1.66 before and 0.32 after the treatment; in the group II, the CPITN value was 1.5 before and 0.24 after the treatment. In the group III, the CPITN value was 0. In the group I, the size of the nuclei of the stratified squamous epithelium of the gingiva was reduced, although not so much as the nuclear size in the group II of examinees. Conclusion. Basic treatment is able to successfully treat chronic gingivitis in children. The use of hyaluronic acid together with the basic treatment can markedly improve the treatment effect.

Listening to Music during Outpatient Cystoscopy Reduces Pain and Anxiety and Increases Satisfaction: Results from a Prospective Randomized Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jan-Niclas Mumm ◽  
Lennert Eismann ◽  
Severin Rodler ◽  
Theresa Vilsmaier ◽  
Alaleh Zati Zehni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Satisfaction Rates

<b><i>Background:</i></b> This study investigates the effect of classical music, music of patients’ own choice, or no music on pain reduction during elective cystoscopy. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of the study was to describe the effect of listening to classical music, music of patients’ own choice, or no music on patient’s pain and satisfaction rates when carrying out an elective cystoscopy and the effect on the assessment capability of the performing urologist. <b><i>Design, Setting, and Participants:</i></b> This randomized trial included 127 patients undergoing elective cystoscopy at the Urological Department of the University Clinic of Munich between June 2019 and March 2020. <b><i>Outcome Measurements and Statistical Analysis:</i></b> Patients were assigned randomly to 3 groups: group I: listening to standardized classical music (<i>n</i> = 35), group II: listening to music according to the patients’ choice (<i>n</i> = 34), and control group III: no music (<i>n</i> = 44). Prior to cystoscopy, anxiety levels were assessed by the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The Visual Analog Scale (VAS, range 1–100) was used for a self-assessment of pain, discomfort, and satisfaction. Statistical analysis was done with Spearman’s rank correlation and <i>t</i>-tests. <b><i>Results and Limitations:</i></b> The median age was 63 (range 27–91) years. The duration of cystoscopy was 5.7 (1–30) min. Patients had undergone a median of 2.3 cystoscopies in the past. Between giving informed consent and cystoscopy, patients had to wait for a median of 64 (0–260) min. The median VAS pain score was significantly lower in group I at 1.7 and group II at 2.3 versus 5.2 in the control group III (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). The control group III had significantly worse pain and patient satisfaction rates compared with groups I and II. Group I had a significant lower VAS pain score than groups II and III (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Classical music also increased the assessment capability of the preforming urologist. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Listening to music during elective cystoscopy significantly reduces pain and distress and leads to higher patient and surgeon satisfaction. We recommend listening to classical music or music chosen by the patients during outpatient flexible/rigid cystoscopy in daily clinical routine. <b><i>Patient Summary:</i></b> In this study, we found that patients who listened to classical music or music of their own choice while undergoing a cystoscopy showed significant reduction of pain and distress.

scholarly journals EFEKTIFITAS HIDROGEN PEROKSIDA DALAM MEMBUNUH BAKTERI AIR ULTRA SCALER PADA DENTAL UNIT DI RSIGM SULTAN AGUNG SEMARANG

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Laily Maghfira Noor Ridarsyah ◽  
Djoko Priyanto ◽  
Grahita Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Back Flow ◽  
Peroxide Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Ultrasonic Scaler ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Infection control is essential in dentristry. Many studies suggested an increase of bacteria in dental unit due to back flow from ultrasonic scaler. Previous study states that hydrogen peroxidein 3% concentration may reduce the number of bacteria's colony of ultrasonic scaler water in RSIGM Sultan Agung Semarang significantly. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide to kill bacteria of ultrasonic scaler water on dental unit in RSIGM Sultan Agung Semarang. Method: The type of research used in the study is quasy experimental with pretest-posttest design. The sample used in this study is 15 dental units which were divided into 3 groups group I 2% hydrogen peroxide, group II 4.5% hydrogen peroxide, and group III 6 % hydrogen peroxide and than flow it on ultrasonic scaler water and check the bakteria before and after experiment. Result: Based on the results of Wilcoxon test the comparison before and after at the three groups obtained the results of significance is less than 0.05. It can be concluded thathydrogen peroxide effectively kills bacteria of ultrasonic scaler water on dental unit in RSIGM Sultan Agung Semarang. Conclusion: From the results it can be concluded that the percentage of hydrogen peroxide which can cause all organisms die without disturbing the patient's health is at 4.5% and 6% concentration.

scholarly journals Comparison of Intra-Articular Bupivacaine and Neostigmine with Bupivacaine and Fentanyl for Post-Operative Analgesia in Arthroscopic Knee Surgeries

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Prachi Singh ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Yadav ◽  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Manoj Tripathi ◽  
Deepak Malviya
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Arthroscopic Knee

Background: The post-operative pain in knee arthroscopy procedures can be attributed to irritation of free nerve endings of synovial tissue, anterior fat pad, and joint capsule during surgical excision and resection1.  In the recent years, new interest has focused on the cholinergic system that modulates pain perception and transmission. The present study is designed to compare the efficacy of intra- articular Bupivacaine and Neostigmine with Bupivacaine and Fentanyl for pain relief following arthroscopic surgeries.Subjects and Methods:Prospective, Interventional, Randomised study was conducted over 90 patients scheduled for elective arthroscopic knee surgery, who were randomly allocated into three equal groups of 30 patients each. Group I-Bupivacaine with Neostigmine, Group II-Bupivacaine with Fentanyl and Group III-Bupivacaine alone. The study drug combinations were administered Intra-articularly at the conclusion of surgery. Hemodynamic variables and Pain were observed immediately after completion of surgery (Baseline) and thereafter at fixed intervals. The duration of effective analgesia was measured from the “baseline” until the first use of rescue analgesic. The number of rescue analgesics given in 24 hours were also recorded. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Version 15.0 statistical Analysis Software.Results:Requirement for first analgesia was significantly earlier in Group III (146.00±71.66 minutes) as compared to Group II (236.00±111.34 minutes) and Group I (648.00±228.55 minutes). Majority of patients of Group I (90.0%) required rescue analgesia only once while in was twice in Group II (90.00%) and thrice in Group III (86.67%).Conclusion:Intra-articular administration of Neostigmine in combination with Bupivacaine provided a better post-operative analgesic effect with a lower incidence of side effects and lesser requirement of rescue analgesia.

Source of ethane in expirate of rats ventilated with 100% oxygen

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1268-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Habib ◽  
M. A. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Ethane Production ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii

Ethane in alveolar expirate may have its source in organs other than the lung and be transported to the lung for elimination. We determined ethane production rates in rats (group I) ventilated with hydrocarbon-free air (HFA) before and after exsanguination. To determine whether the lung is the source of increased ethane production during exposure to 100% O2, we measured ethane in the expirate of nine exsanguinated, Sprague-Dawley rats (group II) mechanically ventilated with HFA and then with 100% O2. In all nine animals, ethane elimination rates on 100% O2 increased compared with HFA values. In five of the nine rats, HFA ventilation was reinstated after O2 (group III). In all five, ethane elimination fell with HFA ventilation compared with the value on 100%. Six rats with circulation intact were ventilated with HFA and then 100% O2 (group IV). Ethane production rate for group IV animals breathing HFA was not significantly different from the exsanguinated animals in group II while ventilated with HFA. The mean increase in ethane production for the group II animals was not significantly different from the group IV animals. Lung slices from four other rats (group V) were incubated in saline at 37 degrees C with FeCl2 (10 mg) added to enhance free radical formation. Paired lung samples from the same rat were incubated with either HFA or 100% O2. Headspace gas was analyzed chromatographically for ethane at 120 min. Mean ethane in the O2 samples was higher than for HFA. Rat lung tissue is the main source of increased ethane production during 100% O2 exposure.

scholarly journals Simulation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation in young male persons based on the parameters of body weight components

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 784-790
Author(s):  
O. P. Kentesh ◽  
M. I. Nemesh ◽  
O. S. Palamarchuk ◽  
Yu. M. Savka ◽  
Ya. I. Slyvka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Occlusion Test ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Total Body

The aim of the work. To analyze the results of endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery in persons with different content of body weight components and to develop models for predicting the response of endothelium-dependent vasodilation based on the parameters of body weight components. Materials and methods. In total, 31 young men were examined and divided into three groups depending on the total body fat value: 16 people (51.6 %) – group I, 11 people (35.5 %) – group II and 4 people (12.9 %) – group III. Determination of such parameters as body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), the percentage of total fat (TFP, %), the visceral fat content (VFC, units) and the content of free-fat mass (FFM,%) was performed using a bioimpedance analyzer TANITA BC-601. Endothelial regulation was assessed on the basis of vasomotor dilation of the brachial artery activity before and after the occlusion test using a four-channel rheograph ReoCom (XAI-MEDICA). Results. During the occlusion test, three types of endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDVD) were identified in individuals exa­mined. 62.50 % of men in group I had a normoergic reaction of the brachial artery, 31.25 % had a hyperergic and 6.25 % had a hypoergic reaction. Among group II persons, a normoergic type of post-occlusive reaction was in 45.4 %, hyperergic – in 36.4 %, and hypoergic type – in 18.2 %. Regarding group III, 75 % of individuals had the hyperergic type of endothelium-dependent vasodilation, 25 % had the normoergic type, and no hypoergic type of reaction was observed at all. To determine the endothelial vasoregulatory function on the basis of correlation-regression analysis, models were constructed with coefficients of determination R2 of 0.277 (BMI), 0.126 (TFP), 0.189 (VFC) and 0.146 (FFM). The models themselves had the following form: between EDVD and BMI – y = -4.5297 + 0.865x; TFP – y = 10.7389 + 0.4x; VFC – y =13.8119 + 1.0041x; FFM – y = 52.7904 – 0.4464x. In addition, statistically significant correlations were found between them – from r = +0.335 to r = +0.526. Conclusions. The data obtained allow us to note that the functional state of the endothelium and its activity depends on the content of body weight components in the organism.

scholarly journals To compare the efficacy of drotaverine hydrochloride with hyoscine butylbroumide for increasing the rate of cervical dilatation

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzma Kausar ◽  
Nikhat Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intergroup Difference ◽  
Hyoscine Butylbromide ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Significant Intergroup Difference ◽  
Group I ◽  
Drotaverine Hydrochloride ◽  
Group Ii

Background: In order to accelerate the labour apart from early amniotomy and early administration of oxytocin, the use of antispasmodic agents like drotaverine and hyoscine butylbromide to hasten the first stage of labor is a common practice. Considering the promising results of hyoscine butylbromide, the present study was planned to to compare the efficacy of drotaverine hydrochloride with hyoscine butylbroumide for increasing the rate of cervical dilatation.Methods: This prospective placebo-controlled crossover study was carried out at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow. The study was conducted on 60 women in labour who were randomly allocated to group I, group II and group III of 20 patients each.  In group I, no intervention was done and comprised the control group. The women in group II were injected intramuscularly one ampoule (20mg) of hyoscine butylbromide. The women in Group III were injected Inj. Drotavrine one ampoule (40mg) intramuscularly at 3 cm dilatation. The data collected was analysed using SPSS Version 15.0. Suitable statistical tests were applied.Results: Majority of subjects were aged between 21-30 years, were multipara and had spontaneous labour. Mean duration of first stage of labour ranged from 3 hoour 34 minutes (drotaverine hydrochloride) to 5 hour 45 minutes (control group) showing a significant intergroup difference. Mean total duration of labour ranged from 4 hr 11 minutes (drotaverine hydrochloride and hyoscine butylbromide groups) to 6 hr 26 minutes (control group) showing a significant intergroup difference (p <0.001). Majority of deliveries were full term normal deliveries.Conclusions: Both drotaverine hydrochloride and hyoscine butylbromide could effectively reduce first stage as well as total duration of labour. Further studies are recommended to establish the comparative efficacy in terms of a side effect profile and relatively efficacy in view of various clinico-demographic variables.

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