ROLE OF COMBINATION CASEIN AND LACTOFERRIN BOVINE’S COLLOSTRUM AS A PULP CAPPING ON MACROPHAGE EXPRESSION IN MALE WISTAR RATS

ABSTRACTBackground: Inflammatory and/or non-inflammatory processes play a role in stimulating pulp repair and the formation of hard tissue, namely reparative dentin. Macrophages play a role in the pathogenesis and chronic inflammatory disorders. The combination casein lactoferrin of bovine colostrum as an immunomodulator has therapeutic potential. This study aims to determine the therapeutic effect and duration of application of the combination of casein lactoferrin of bovine colostrum, on the expression of macrophages as pulp capping.Method: This study was a true experimental laboratories post test only control group design, consisting of three groups of 60 male wistar rats with 4 observation times, namely day to day 7, 14, 21 and 28 each of 5 mice. The maxillary 1st molars were prepared until the roof of the pulp was exposed. Three groups, namely the combination of casein and lactoferrin bovine colostrum (CKL) and calcium hydroxide (K1) and the untreated group (K0). Each group was filled with glassionomer as a permanent restoration. The tissue was made histological preparations with hematoxylin-eosin staining and the number of macrophages were counted, then analyzed by two way ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests.Result: The results showed that the therapeutic effect and duration of application of the combination of casein and lactoferrin bovine colostrum on the expression of macrophages as pulp cappingConclusion: The combination of casein and lactoferrin of bovine colostrum as capping material can increase the number of macrophages in the healing process of dental pulp.

EFFECT OF SILICA COATING IN ACRYLIC ARTIFICIAL TEETH ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS, CONTACT ANGLE, AND GROWTH OF STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS

ABSTRACTBackground: Acrylic resin artificial teeth is easily to have bacterial adhesion. It is necessary to perform a treatment on that surface, in order to reduce bacterial adhesion. This study aimed to reveal the effect of silica coating in acrylic resin artificial teeth on surface roughness, contact angle measurement, and the growth of Streptococcus mutans.Method: The study was conducted on two groups (n=16) of disk-shaped acrylic resin artificial teeth with a diameter of 10 mm and thickness of 2 mm. A 2% silica coating material was obtained by diluting 2 g silica nanoparticles on 100 ml of ethanol. Surface roughness, contact angle measurement, and the growth of Streptococcus mutans was measured using surface roughness measuring instrument, camera digital, and colony counter. The data obtained were then analyzed using T-test (p<0.05).Result: The results showed that the surface roughness and contact angle measurement in group I (0.29±0.08 μm); (79,49º ± 10,88º) was higher than group II (0.17±0.05 μm); (34,77º±0,05º). The growth of Streptococcus mutans in group I was also higher (32.28±3.75 CFU/ml) than group II (24.83±3.47 CFU/ml). Conclusion: The study concluded that there is an effect of silica coating on surface roughness, contact angle measurement, and the growth of Streptococcus mutans in acrylic resin artificial teeth.

RETRIEVING BROKEN INSTRUMENT IN HALF OF THE APIKAL ON CANINES TEETH WITH H-FILE BRAIDING TECHNIQUE

ABSTRACTBackground: Broken instruments affect the outcome and prognosis. A broken instrument will prevent the procedure of cleaning and shaping, irrigation and obturation of the root canal on the obstructed root section causing failure in endodontic treatment. There are some treatments for broken instrument including retrieving a broken fragment file and bypassing it on the root canal. the aim of the case report aims to provide an alternative for retrieving broken instruments using the H-file braiding technique. Method: A 38-year-old female patient came to the Dental Conservation Clinic RSGM Prof. Soedomo FKG UGM. A patient got a history of initial root canal treatment in a clinic, which ended with a separated file on canine teeth left upper. No complain pain, from the investigation radiographic there is an instrument broken in half apical. The teeth 23 seen temporary restoration cavity class I is still in good. Retrieving broken instruments using the H-file braiding technique, preparation with step back techniques, obturation with warm vertical condensation technique and class I composite resin restorations with fiber-reinforced retention. Result: No complain pain after 2 weeks retrieving broken instrument.Conclusion: The technique of the H-file braiding technique is one technique to retrieve a broken instrument, this procedure is simple, cost-effective, harmless to the teeth and gives root canal sealing.

HEALTH BEHAVIOR AND DENTAL CARRIES IN COASTAL COMMUNITY: LITERATURE REVIEW

ABSTRACTBackground: The important role of coastal communities is not directly in line with their living conditions, which are mostly poor. Dental caries is basically a disease that is also suffered by the general public in Indonesia, even in the world. RISKESDAS 2018 shows the prevalence of caries in Indonesia is 88.8%. Dental caries is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus mutans. People who live in coastal areas are at risk of suffering from dental caries. Brushing behavior also has a relationship with the incidence of dental caries. Method: All articles reviewed were obtained from Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar with a period of 10 years in full text. using the keywords behavior, caries, and coastal area.Result: Based on reviews from several journals, it was found that the brushing behavior of coastal communities was good, but the frequency of brushing teeth was not appropriate and the behavior of using drinking water had no known fluoride content. There are variations in the category of dental caries at the age level of people in coastal areas.Conclusion: Knowledge and healthy behavior can reduce the risk of dental caries related to the behavior of coastal communities, so that life productivity can be much better than ever.

CURRENT TREND IN RESEARCH ABOUT INVISALIGN® SUCCESS OUTCOME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW USING PRISMA GUIDELINE

ABSTRACTBackground: While some researches have claimed that Invisalign® is successful in creating meaningful tooth movement, there is still no comprehensive literature review that summarizes them using one valid and reliable parameter. American Board of Orthodontics-Model Grading System (ABO-MGS) is an objective measurement for the success of orthodontic treatment. This systematic review is determined to provide scientific pieces of evidence to prove the truth of the claim using ABO-MGS. Method: English-based health sciences journal databases were searched using "Invisalign" and "Model Grading System". The databases included in this study were Pubmed, Ebscohost, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and MEDLINE. Inclusion criteria were clinical cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control study using human subjects who finished Invisalign treatment. Two independent authors summarized the data from the obtained articles using predefined data fields and discussed the data result together. Result: Out of 60 studies found during the identification process, only 6 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. Only one of them studied the efficacy of Invisalign® by using ABO-MGS to measure the pre- and post-treatment model. Invisalign® mostly successful in creating change for alignment, overjet, and interproximal contact. Other categories were not that successful to be treated with Invisalign. Conclusion: Invisalign®‘s success is mostly pursued by correcting the malocclusion in the anterior region. Given the scarce amount of reliable evidence available, it is suggested that more studies are required to be able to draw a further conclusion.