scholarly journals A clinical study of ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4461
Author(s):  
Arati Behera ◽  
Ranjita Ghadei ◽  
Rudra Narayan Bal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Practitioner ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Future Fertility

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening emergency commonly encountered by medical practitioner. Diagnosis is frequently missed and should be considered in any women in the reproductive age group with abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding. The aim of the study is to assess the incidence, clinical presentation, risk factors, methods of diagnosis, treatment, outcome and complications.Methods: This was a prospective study at S.C.B. Medical college from January to December 2017. Parameters like age, parity, gestational period, risk factors, clinical presentations, findings on ultrasonogram and at surgery with morbidities associated with diagnosed cases of ectopic pregnancy (n=93) were noted and analysed with SPSS-19 software.Results: Incidence of ectopic pregnancy was 18/1000 deliveries. Maximum cases were in age group of 21 to 30 years (54.8 %) and parous (76.3%). Common risk factors were having history of abortions (46.2%), previous tubal sterilization (24.7%), having one or more caesarean section (17.2%) and h/o infertility (16.1%). Most common symptom was pain abdomen (96.8%). Commonest site was ampullo-isthmic region of tube and rupture was the commonest mode of presentation. All underwent laparotomy and unilateral salpingectomy was done in 86 % of cases. It contributed to 3.27 % of total maternal deaths.Conclusions: Suspicion in high risk group can direct one to investigate and diagnose early, thereby reducing morbidity, mortality and improving the prospect of future fertility.

scholarly journals Clinical profile of HIV positive patients attending ART centre of a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1542
Author(s):  
Tejas M. Doshi ◽  
Rusva A. Mistry ◽  
Manish N. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Common Opportunistic Infection

Background: HIV infection/AIDS is a global pandemic greatly exceeds earlier prediction. With widespread availability and uses of Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART), HIV becomes a chronic manageable illness but immediate and long term side effects become a major problem. The objective of the study was to study clinical profile of HIV positive patients attending A.R.T. centre of a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Observational and prospective study was carried out over 100 HIV positive Patients attending ART centre of G.G.G Hospital, Jamnagar, Saurastra, Gujarat over a period of 12 months.Results: Out of 100 HIV positive studied patients, maximum cases (95%) were in the age group of 15-49 years, 75% were males. (58%) cases were from rural area and (56%) were illiterate. Maximum cases were having sexual (79%) route of transmission. Most common symptom among HIV positive patients was weight loss (62%) followed by fever (58%). Mycobacterium tuberculosis (65%) was the most common opportunistic infection. (84%) patients had CD4 count between 50-200/cub.mm, (66%) were in stage III. ART was well tolerated, ADRs were found in 43% of patients.Conclusions: HIV is more common in reproductive age group with males being more affected and major route of transmission of HIV infection remains heterosexual mode.

scholarly journals One-year retrospective study on clinical, investigational and operative correlation in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5519
Author(s):  
Basant Kumar Pati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
One Year

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening emergency which is one of the important cause of maternal mortality. Ectopic pregnancy must be suspected in any woman in the reproductive age group, presenting with lower abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding. Our aim was to review all cases of ectopic pregnancy and determine the incidence, high risk factors, types of clinical presentation and mode of management.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Medical records of all women with an ectopic pregnancy between 2016 and 2017 were seen. Demographic data, risk factors, clinical features, and mode of management were noted.Results: 90 patients, diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy during last one year was included in the present study, with an incidence of 1.2%. Majority of women were aged 20-30 years (50%). 74.4% cases were ruptured ectopic. The most common risk factors were previous ectopic (50%) and pelvic inflammatory disease (17.7%). Lower abdominal pain was seen in 80 (40.3%) patients. Majority of patients (91.1%) had tubal ectopic pregnancies. Most common mode of treatment was salpingectomy.Conclusions: Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy must be enquired and early diagnosis and management to be done to avoid maternal morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals A clinical study on ectopic pregnancy in tertiary care hospital Imphal

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Naorem Sunanda Chanu ◽  
Vinodkumar Suresh Basavaradder ◽  
Cibi Darsani ◽  
Ahanthembi Sanaton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Age Group ◽  
History Of

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is one of the most common life-threatening emergencies in early trimester of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, age group, gravidity, parity, risk factors, clinical presentation, treatment modalities associated with ectopic pregnancy in the current scenario.Methods: We conducted a prospective study for the period of two years starting from Aug 2017 to Aug 2019 at JNIMS OBG Department.Results: A total of 94 patients who were diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy and they were analysed for clinical presentation, risk factors, operative findings and treatment modality. Majority of patients were in the age group of 25 to 30 years. Ectopic pregnancy was more commonly associated with history of prior abortions, prior LSCS and PID. Commonly presented with amenorrhea of 6-8 weeks with abdominal pain and bleeding PV, most common site being ampulla followed by isthmus. Most of the patients had ruptured pregnancy at presentation. Majority of the patients underwent salpingectomy and salpingectomy with contralateral tubectomy.Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy diagnosis is a grey zone and challenging. Early diagnosis by keeping suspicion in first trimester with PV bleeding and pain abdomen with history of amenorrhea about ectopic pregnancy, which helps in management to reduce maternal morbidity and even mortality.

scholarly journals Endometriosis: A Clinicopathological Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
Shubha P. Bhat ◽  
Sajitha Kaliyat ◽  
Kishan Prasad Hosapatna Laxminarayana ◽  
Teerthanath Srinivas ◽  
Krishna Prasad Holalkere Venugopala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Pain ◽  
Chronic Pelvic Pain ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Frequent Site

Abstract Background Endometriosis (EM) is an estrogen-dependent disease characterized by the presence of endometrial gland and stroma outside the uterus. It is commonly seen in the reproductive age group and is a leading cause of infertility. Patients present with chronic pelvic pain, menstrual abnormalities, dyspareunia, or mass per abdomen. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice with postoperative medications and progesterone agents. Aims and Objectives This study aims at determining the distribution of EM in terms of age, parity, symptoms, site, morphological features. We also analyzed the management of EM in these cases. Methodology This is a retrospective study done in a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore, India. The case records of 77 histopathologically confirmed cases of EM during the 7 years between June 2012 and May 2019 were studied. Demographic profiles, parity, presenting complaints, site of the lesion, morphological features, treatment given, follow-up, and recurrence were noted and analyzed. Results Of the 77 patients with EM, the most common age group was the fourth decade (40%). The majority (31, 40.25%) of the patients in this study were nulliparous. Chronic pelvic pain was the most common symptom. The most frequent site was ovary. Conclusion The most frequent site of EM is ovary, leading to infertility. With the advent of laparoscopy, early diagnosis and excision have been feasible. The histopathological examination should be done for confirmation. Awareness of this disease among health care professionals is necessary whenever a woman in reproductive age presents with chronic pelvic pain and infertility.

scholarly journals Etiologic characterization of vulvovaginitis among females attending a tertiary care hospital: a one year study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2246
Author(s):  
Chembetei Kavitha Kiran ◽  
Jithendra Kandati ◽  
Munilakshmi Ponugoti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
One Year

Background: Vulvovaginitis is one among the major pathologies encountered in reproductive age group. Etiologies are always multiple and candidiasis, bacterial vaginitis and trichomoniasis account for 90% of etiology. The incidence is dependable upon multiple factors like age group, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, geographical locale. Improperly treated and untreated vulvovaginitis is associated with long term complications like infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease in nulliparous females and preterm labour, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, chorioamnionitis among pregnant females and recurrent UTIs, cervicitis, endometritis, increased risk of acquiring STIs among normal females. The present study was undertaken with the objective of understanding the etiologies associated with vulvovaginitis among women attending Obstetrics clinic of a tertiary care hospital. The risk factors associated with the conditions, the features of the vaginal discharge and symptoms associated with each etiology were studied.Methods: A cross sectional study for a period of one year was conducted among 200 female patients attending the Department of gynecology for vaginitis and evaluated for etiology. Patient’s risk factors, clinical history, symptoms were collected by questionnaire and specimens were collected from all the cases and processed as per standard guidelines. Bacterial vaginosis was confirmed based on Neugent’s criteria, Trichomoniasis by wet mount examination and candidiasis by culture. The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee.Results: 137 cases of vulvovaginitis were diagnosed based on etiology. Vulvovaginitis was most common among 27-36 years and in multiparous women. Most common causative agent was Candida (59.12%) followed by bacterial vaginosis (22.63%) and Trichomoniasis (18.25%). Vaginal discharge was the commonest symptom (100%) followed by malodor and vulval irritation. Following unhygienic practices was the commonest risk factor associated with Vulvovaginitis.Conclusions: A regular evaluation is mandatory for all the females attending hospital for vaginitis. Successful management reduces the morbid conditions and it’s essential to treat the conditions during the pregnancy which prevents the complications associated like preterm birth, miscarriage etc. and adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals INCIDENCE, TRENDS AND RISK FACTORS FOR ECTOPIC PREGNANCY IN CASES REFERRED TO NALANDA MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL PATNA

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Kalpana Prasad ◽  
Mamta Singh ◽  
Richa Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Case Record ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Incidence Trends

Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy occurs at a rate of about 1-2% of pregnancies and can occur in any sexually active woman of reproductive age. The incidence has been increasing for years and currently it is two to three times higher than it was 20 or 25 years ago. Objective: To assess the incidence and trends of ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital of Bihar and to evaluate the relevance of the risk factors associated with it. Methods: A retrospective study was designed to assess frequency of ectopic pregnancy and to evaluate the relevance of the known risk factors during 2018 -2019 in Nalanda Medical College and Hospital. All the data were collected from the case record of patients and charted in an excel sheet. Simple frequencies and percentages were obtained for various variables. Result: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy was 12.5 per thousand of deliveries. Maximum (72.5%) cases were in the age group of 21 to 30 years and most of cases (40%) were nulliparous. About half (47.5%) of cases were suffering from pelvic inflammatory disease. The commonest site of ectopic pregnancy was in the ampullo-isthmic region (82.5%). All patients underwent exploratory laparotomy. Majority (45%) underwent total salpingectomy while fallopian tubes were conserved in a few (7.5%) of cases. No mortality was encountered in this series. Conclusion: By identifying the risk factors and diagnosing the patient by ultrasonographic examination at the earliest at 6 weeks, it is possible to improve the prognosis to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with ectopic pregnancy.

scholarly journals A clinical study of trends of ectopic pregnancy and its management in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4834
Author(s):  
Chandana M. Puttaraju ◽  
Nagothi Nagendra Prasad ◽  
M. P. A. Sailakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Β Hcg ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies

Background: Ectopic gestation is a gynaecological emergency which culminates in pregnancy loss and causes significant maternal morbidity, mortality besides jeopardizing future conception. The study discusses the incidence, risk factors, symptomatology and management of ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: This was a prospective study of 45 cases of ectopic pregnancies at a tertiary care teaching hospital from January 2012 to December 2013. Information was collected in a structured proforma, tabulated and descriptive analysis was carried out.Results: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy was 1.17%. Majority of the patients (80%) belonged to 20-30 yrs age group. Second gravidas predominated (42.2%). Fallopian tube was the most common site (95.5%). Rudimentary horn ectopic accounted for 4.65%. Previous abdominopelvic surgery (31.1%), IUCD usage (22.2%), PID (20%), abortions (20%), tubectomy (15.5%) were the principal risk factors. 42% of the patients had no risk factor. The triad of amenorrhea, bleeding per vaginum and abdominal pain was seen in 51.1% of cases. Ultrasound, UPT, β-hCG estimation were the diagnostic tools. Ruptured ectopic pregnancy accounted for 64.4%. Nearly 95.5% of patients underwent surgery; salpingectomy (76%). Methotrexate was successful in 4.44%. There was no maternal mortality.Conclusions: Mostly diagnosis, prompt surgical or medical management is cornerstone of treatment. Primary prevention such as improved access to family planning services, sex education, treatment of STI, PID, surgical asepsis  and haemostasis, implementing legislation for dispensing MTP drugs ameliorate risk factors and hence reduce ectopic pregnancy.

scholarly journals Clinical presentation and outcome of ectopic pregnancies in a tertiary care rural hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 692
Author(s):  
Indu Verma ◽  
Punya Priya ◽  
Charvi Chugh ◽  
Harsharan Kaur ◽  
Dinesh Sood
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Rural Hospital ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pain Site ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is the commonest cause of the maternal morbidity and mortality in the first trimester of the pregnancy. The aim of this study was to see the clinical presentation, associated risk factors, mode of treatment and outcome.Methods: Retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care rural hospital. Women with diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy admitted between August 2016 to September 2018 were studied. Medical record files were scrutinized to get the details. Data was analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel (version 2007). Numerical data were subjected to descriptive analysis, with mean±standard deviation (SD) and categorical data as frequency and percentage.Results: Forty cases of ectopic pregnancy were included who were unbooked, non-smokers, married and belonged to rural areas. Eighty percent were in the age group of 20 to 30 years.  Maximum were gravida 3 or 4 with commonest presentation was pain, site was tubal. Laparotomy was done in 95% of women salpingectomy was the commonest surgical procedure done in 32 (80%) women. Salpingoophrectomy was done in one woman and lifesaving hysterectomy in 2 (5%) women for cervical and ruptured interstitial ectopic pregnancy one each. Blood transfusion was required in 28 (70%) women. No mortality was seen.Conclusions: Women of reproductive age group with pain abdomen and menstrual complaints, even without amenorrhoea, ectopic pregnancy should be ruled out. Treating reproductive tract infections / PID and offering contraceptives will decrease the incidence of ectopic pregnancy. Medical and paramedical staff should do the timely referral to higher centres.

scholarly journals A clinico-histopathological review of ovarian masses at a tertiary care centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4139
Author(s):  
Michelle N. Fonseca ◽  
Madhavi J.
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Mucinous Cystadenoma ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumours ◽  
Ovarian Tumours ◽  
Ovarian Masses

Background: Ovarian tumours can be seen at all stages of life but they differ in type, being mostly germ cell tumours in childhood, functional cysts in the reproductive age group (up to 45 years) and becoming increasingly malignant towards and after menopause. It also accounts for most prevalent cause of hospital admissions.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai from August 2017 to August 2018. All patients with ovarian masses who were surgically managed were included in the study. The data of 30 patients was collected in excel sheet and analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results: Out of the 30 ovarian masses, 50 % were functional cysts, 46.6% were benign ovarian masses and 3.3% were borderline malignant. 46% of tumours were seen in the age group 21-30 years. More than 50 % tumours were seen in parous women. Most common presenting clinical symptom was pain in abdomen irrespective of the type of tumour. Most common complication was haemorrhage in the cyst. Laparoscopy was done in 4 patients and 26 required exploratory laparotomy. Most common surgery performed was unilateral cystectomy for functional ovarian cysts and benign ovarian tumours. Mucinous cystadenoma was the most common benign ovarian tumour, followed by dermoid cyst.Conclusions: Pre-operative diagnostic approach to a patient with ovarian mass includes careful history taking, thorough clinical examination, ultrasound and tumour marker assays in selected cases. Conservative surgery should be the goal to preserve fertility in young patients with ovarian tumours.

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