scholarly journals A study of clinical and ophthalmologic profile of patients undergoing cataract surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 2229
Author(s):  
Chhaya Shori ◽  
Rakesh Shori ◽  
Gannaram Laxmiprasad ◽  
Ashalatha Alli
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rule Type ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology

Background: Intraocular lens implantation is the only surgical approach available mostly in developing countries. Thus cataract constitutes as the leading cause of blindness in developing countries as many patients with cataract do not have access to hospitals and surgery. Objective was to study the clinical and ophthalmologic profile of patients undergoing cataract surgery.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among 100 cataract patients assigned to undergo conventional extra capsular cataract excision surgery for a period of two years in a tertiary care referral hospital. One day before the surgery these patients were admitted to the indoor wards of department of ophthalmology. From each patient, detailed history was obtained. Visual acuity was checked with Snellen’s visual acuity chart and pinhole improvement was noted.Results: Maximum prevalence was seen in the age group of 51-60 years i.e. 37% followed by 61-70 years of 30%. Thus cataract is seen more commonly in the age group of above 50 years. Prevalence of cataract was more in females (59%) as compared to 41% in males. Cortical cataract constituted 86% of total cases and remaining 14% were constituted by nuclear type of cataract. Majority of the patients i.e. 59% had visual acuity of less than 1/60 followed by 33% of having 5/60 to 1/60. 58% of the patients had against the rule type of astigmatism. 34% of the patients had with the rule type of astigmatism. Only 8% had NOA type of astigmatism.Conclusions: Increasing age and female gender were the most important risk factors in the present study. Cortical type of cataract was more common than nuclear type of cataract. Maximum had low vision.

scholarly journals Ocular Morbidity among Paediatric Age Group Population Attending at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
Mehul Sanghavi
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Development Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Ocular Morbidity

Background: Ocular morbidities in children can have a serious impact on development; education and quality of life in children hence require prompt attention. This study was conducted with an objective to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity. Materials & Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at the Vedantaa Institute of Medical Sciences, Palghar between February 2021 to April 2021 were involving 55 children. Data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analysed by SPSS version 23.0. All children who attended the Outpatient department of Ophthalmology during the study period were included and children whose parents did not give consents for examinations were excluded. Results: The most common ocular morbidity encountered was refractive errors (30.9%) followed by Conjunctivitis (20.0%) and ocular trauma (9.1%) in the age group of 10 - 15 years. Conclusion: Majority of ocular morbidities are preventable or treatable with proper use of eye care facilities is the need of the hour. Keywords: Ocular Trauma, Morbidity, Refractive Error, Conjunctivitis.

scholarly journals Distribution of illness of orthopaedic outpatient department in a tertiary care teaching hospital in West Bengal: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Ajayar Kum ◽  
Chanchal Kumar Dalai ◽  
Santanu Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Orthopaedic Outpatient Department (OPD) is an important part of health care system. Patients coming with different illness for treatment. Distribution pattern of illness represents the area from where patients come for treatment.Methods: Cross sectional, Observation Study. The patients who had willingly participated were enrolled on the basis of subject selection criteria. Prescriptions were collected from newly patients attending the Orthopaedics OPD. No follow up visit was done.Results: Male patients attended more than female gender (62% vs 38%). 18-30 years age group attended OPD much than another group (32.5%). Trauma is an important contributing factor (38.5%). History of trauma was seen more in male gender group and among 18-30 years age group. Low back pain is common problem. (29.5%).Conclusions: Low back pain is the common problem among patients attended Orthopaedic OPD. Trauma is an important contributing factor among 18-30 years age group.

scholarly journals HEPATITIS “C”

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Rafique Hingoro
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine incidence of steatosis in non-responder casesof chronic HCV. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary Care Sanatorium inMedicine Department of LIAQUAT University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro. Period: 26-9-2011to 25 August 2012. Material & Methods: Total 144 non-responders cases of Hepatitis C wereintegrated. Both gender, age 18 to 50 yrs, chronic HCV non-responder cases as well as cases fitfor hepatic biopsy were integrated in study. Grading of Inflammation was carried out as indicatedby histopathological measures. Results: Mean age was 48.5 + 5.2years. Uppermost prevalenceof chronic HCV disease was 65(45.13%) at 41 to 50 years age interval whereas 42(29.1%) caseswere noticed in 31 to 40 yrs age group and 25(17.3%) cases were observed in 20 to 30 yearsof young age group. In this study hepatic steatosis occurrence was observed in 103 (71.5%)cases and these were categories as: grade 1, grade 2, grade 3, as (<33%) 45/103(43.68%), (33to 66%) 35/103(33.98%), (>66%) 23/103(22.33%) respectively. Conclusion: Hepatic steatosisis a important risk factor the cases of HCV to decreased response to antiviral therapy and forprogression toward fibrosis as observed in cases related to metabolic steatosis.

scholarly journals Mean difference of visual acuity with auto refraction and subjective refraction.

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
Rashida RIaz ◽  
Muhammad Haseeb ◽  
Hafiza Ammara Rasheed ◽  
Samia Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cylindrical Axis

Purpose: To compare the mean difference of visual acuity as measured by auto refraction and subjective refraction. Study Design:  Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study:  Department of ophthalmology, Services hospital Lahore from November 2013 to April 2014. Material and Methods:  Using non-probability consecutive sampling 300 eyes of 300 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were recruited through OPD registration slip. Demographic data including age and gender was recorded. Complete ophthalmic examination was performed. This included measurement of refractive error by auto-refraction as well as subjective refraction. Detailed anterior segment examination with slit lamp and dilated fundus examination with indirect ophthalmoscopy was performed. The collected data was analyzed by using software SPSS version 17. Results:  The mean age of patients was 34.71 ± 7.45 years. There were 156 (52%) males and 144 (48%) females. There were 263 (87.69%) patients who had visual acuity of 6/6 and 37 (12.33%) had 6/9. Mean spherical auto-refraction and subjective refraction was 0.0290 ± 2.58 and -0.2842 ± 2.37 D with mean difference of -0.3133 ± 1.27 D. The mean cylindrical auto and subjective refraction in this study was -.9742 ± 0.78 D and -0.7500 ± 0.81 D and mean difference was 0.2242 ± 0.74 D. The mean cylindrical axis of auto and subjective refraction was 114.88 ± 49.75 and 115.60 ± 49.70 with mean difference as 0.72 ± 3.02 D (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion:  Difference of spherical, cylindrical and cylindrical axis in auto and subjective refraction was significantly different.

scholarly journals The Comparison of Visual Acuity After Congenital Cataract Surgery between Children ≤2 Years and >2-17 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Adam Surya Romadhon ◽  
Joni Susanto ◽  
Rozalina Loebis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Congenital Cataract ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Congenital Surgery ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: Congenital cataract is turbidity occurs in eye lens that present at birth or immediately after. We aim to find out visual acuity after congenital surgery between children under 2 years old and 2-17 years old after following up 3, 6, 12 months.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered from medical record of congenital cataract aged ≤2 years and >2-17 years including age of surgery, frequency of eyes, sex, laterality, and visual acuity of patients with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). All data analyzed using Mann-Whitney test.Results: 41 children (67 affected eyes) in which 45 eyes that were operated at aged ≤2 years and 22 eyes were operated at aged >2-17 years. There was average difference of visual acuity between age group of ≤2 years and >2-17 years while following-up 3 months (1.60 ± 0.34 logMAR, 1.23 ± 0.67 logMAR, p = 0,003). Whereas in follow up 6 months (1.23 ± 0.47 logMAR, 1.15 ± 0.68 logMAR, p = 0,242) and 12 months (0.94 ± 0.47 logMAR, 0.96 ± 0.44 logMAR, p = 0,840), there were no difference significant average of visual acuity.Conclusion: Visual acuity after following-up 3 and 6 months in age group of >2-17 years were better than age group of ≤2 years, whereas after following-up 12 months in age group ≤2 years, it was obtained that visual acuity was better than age group of >2-17 years.

scholarly journals Lifestyle of school going adolescents in Mumbai, India: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2284
Author(s):  
Shalaka P. Patil ◽  
Balaji Almale
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Adolescents, as defined by World Health organization, constitute individuals in between the age group of 10 to 19 years. Children, youth and young people are the other groups which have ages which overlap with the adolescent age group. The hormonal changes at this age are responsible not only for physiological growth but also emotional and cognitive changes. Lifestyle in this age group may have lasting and, in many cases, lifelong implications. We conducted this cross-sectional study to holistically analyse lifestyle of school adolescents in Mumbai.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in the in a tertiary care medical college. The students belonging to an English medium co-education school of a metropolitan city were included in this study on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A culturally acceptable questionnaire was structured in simple language and used in this study. Demographic data was asked. All questions were closed ended and requiring specific response the questionnaire was subjected to critical evaluation by experts from the field of Public Health Pediatrics, high school teachers, heads of schools, experts from Social justice and law input from the experts were incorporated in the questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SSPE 22.0 Software.Results: A total of 538 adolescents were studied in this cross-sectional study. There were 270 boys (50.18%) and 268 (49.82%) girls with a M:F ratio of 1:0.95. Mean age of the studied cases was found to be 12.4±1.44 years. Majority of the adolescents were found to be residing in buildings (66.36%) and average family size was found to be 5.63±3.34 members Majority of the boys and girls (66.92%) were not having any knowledge about HIV/AIDS.7.06% adolescents were found to have suicidal or homicidal thoughts. 93.31% adolescents liked to come to school and 83.83% claimed to be obedient.Conclusions: This cross-sectional study highlights the fact that adolescents have a significant amount of psychosocial problems. Important amongst these included inclination towards substance abuse, suicidal or homicidal thoughts and ignorance about HIV/AIDS. Strategies to tackle these issue needs to be devised so as to tackle these problems faced by adolescents.

scholarly journals A study of surgical profile of patients with hemorrhoids at a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 916
Author(s):  
Prashant R. Shinde ◽  
Meghraj J. Chawada ◽  
Sudhir B. Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Skin Tag ◽  
One Year

Background: In hemorrhoids, the anal canal venous plexuses become engorged. It can lead to bleeding, thrombosis, prolapse, pain. Study of surgical profile helps to educate the patients to take proper precautions to avoid the severe forms of it. The objective of the study was to study the surgical profile of patients with hemorrhoids at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Present study was hospital based cross sectional study. It was carried out at a tertiary care hospital in the department of general surgery among 100 patients who presented with symptoms suggestive of hemorrhoids during the study period from 1st January 2017 to 31st October 2018.Results: Majority of the patients 41% were in the age group of 35-45 years. The number affected by hemorrhoids was more in males i.e. 56%. Incidence of hemorrhoids was more in upper class. Incidence of hemorrhoids was less i.e. 21% among those who took only vegetarian diet. Majority of the patients (78%) presented after one year of occurrence of treatment. 54% of the patients had third grade of hemorrhoids. Bleeding was present in the majority i.e. 98% of the patients. On anorectal examination, it was found that 44% of the patients had fissure and 23% of the patients had peri anal skin tag. Anorectal examination was within normal limits in 33% of the cases.Conclusions: Vegetarian diet may be protective against hemorrhoids. Bleeding was the most common presenting symptom. Thus, study helped to identify that being male, younger age group, non-veg diet may be the risk factors for hemorrhoids.

scholarly journals PATTERN OF CANCER CASES REGISTERED IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN KATHUA DISTRICT OF J&K: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Deepak Abrol ◽  
Anuj Kapoor ◽  
Pawan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Area Distribution ◽  
The Government

Introduction:Cancer is an important public health problem in India, with 10 lakh new cases occurring every year in the year. Cancer pattern varies in different regions and depends on genetic, environmental, dietary, social and other factors. Aim and objectives: This study was undertaken to determine magnitude and pattern of cancer cases reporting in the hospital. Methodology: This was a hospital-based retrospective study undertaken in the Government Medical College Kathua. GMC, Kathua is one among st the ve new medical colleges established in Jammu & Kashmir. The records of cancer patients generated from 1st November 2018 to 1 November 2019 were analyzed. All the cancer cases who reported either for diagnosis in any of the hospital OPD or for the treatment (radiotherapy/ chemotherapy/ surgery) were included. Data was entered in the MS Excel for analysis Results: Out of total 272 patients registered, females accounted for 56.6% and males for 43.3%. Hindu patients were in majority (84.2%). Most of the cases (37.1%) were in the age group 60-80. Pattern of cancer was different in the two sexes. In males, maximum cases were of lung cancer and in females, Ca breast was the most common followed by the cervical cancer Conclusion: This hospital-based study indicates the cancer prole in Kathua district. Females were found to be more affected than that of males with majority of the cases in the late 40s age group. Rural area and urban area distribution was found to be almost similar.

scholarly journals Radiographic Evaluation of the Presence/Agenesis of Third Molars in a Mexican Child Population

2018 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Jade Viridiana San Román-Hernández DDS ◽  
Amaury Pozos-Guillén DDS, PhD ◽  
Ricardo Martínez-Rider DDS ◽  
Socorro Ruiz-Rodríguez DDS, MS ◽  
Arturo Garrocho-Rangel DDS, PhD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Third Molar Extraction ◽  
Total Prevalence

In the human being, third molar is the tooth that exhibits more variants during its embryologic development, usually causing diverse anomalies and discomfort when erupting to the oral cavity. It has been pointed out that the prevalence of third molar agenesis is between 9 to 37%. The aim of the present comparative cross-sectional study was to radiographically assess the presence/absence of third molar germs (G3M) in a sample of pediatric patients of Mexican origin. A total of 513 panoramic radiographs were analyzed from patients attending the Pediatric Dentistry Postgraduate Program ( San Luis Potosí University, México), during the years 2011 to 2017. Inclusion criteria were patients between 7 and 18 years old, any gender; children with antecedents of a third molar extraction, previous orthodontic treatment, or with an associated congenital or systemic condition were excluded. Total prevalence G3M agenesis was calculated. Then, statistical comparisons of agenesia proportions per dental quadrant, gender, and age group were performed. 245 panoramic radiographs corresponded to the female gender, while 268 belonged to the male gender. The total prevalence of G3M agenesia was estimated in nearly 56%, and the 7-8 years old group exhibited the highest proportion; however, when this age group was excluded from the analysis, such prevalence decreased to 27.3%. Both mandibular quadrants showed higher proportions of G3M agenesia. There were no significant differences between genders. The total prevalence reported in the present study was found to be well above regarding the international parameters. It is quite possible that lack of radiographic visualization of G3M had been inaccurate in some cases due to the common absence of calcification traces from those teeth during early ages (7-8 years old). The adjusted analysis provided a prevalence value more in line with the recognized standards in the dental literature.

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